• 한국조리학회지
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2017

In order to investigate the quality characteristics of Prunus persica Batsch var. davidiana Max. preserved in sugar, the quality characteristics were examined by dividing them into four groups: PS-A (P. persica preserved in sugar mixed with sucrose and oligosaccharides at a ratio of 100:0, w/w), PS-B (P. persica preserved in sugar mixed with sucrose and oligosaccharides at a ratio of 60:40, w/w), PS-C (P. persica preserved in sugar mixed with sucrose and oligosaccharides at a ratio of 40:60, w/w) and PS-D (P. persica preserved in sugar mixed with sucrose and oligosaccharides at a ratio of 0:100, w/w). The results were as follows: pH levels and soluble solid contents of PS-D sample were lower than those of the others, however total acidity value were higher. In case of Hunter's value, the 'L', 'a' and 'b' values of all samples were affected by addition of oligosaccharides. No great difference occurred among samples in reducing sugar contents. Organic acid content was significantly decreased with the lower addition of sucrose. The predominating organic acid components analyzed in all samples were lactic acid 156.15 g/100 g, tartaric acid 72.75 g/100 g and citric acid 32.90 g/100 g. The highest contents of total phenol and flavonoid, and DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity were $10.79{\pm}0.55mg\;GAE/mL$, $8.71{\pm}0.06mg\;CE/mL$ and 71.8%, 71.0% for PS-D, respectively. The results of this study indicated the use of oligosaccharides could increase the quality and antioxidant potentials of P. persica preserved in sugar.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.714-719
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• 2001

생꽃게의 영양학적 조성에 대한 조사와 간장에 침지한 후 꽃게장의 영양학적 및 화학적 조성 변화에 대하여 알아보았다. 수분함량은 생꽃게보다 꽃게장에서 감소하는 추세를 나타냈고 회분함량은 꽃게장이 생꽃게보다 다소 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 생꽃게의 식염함량이 1.50%인데 반해 꽃게장은 7.89%로 염장 후 그 함량이 증가하였으며, pH도 염장 후 증가하였다. 유리당의 함량은 생꽃게에서는 소량으로 검출되었지만 염장후에는 그 함량이 모두 증가하였고 특히 fructose가 현저히 증가하였는데 그 이유에 대해서는 진일보의 연구가 필요하다. 생꽃게와 꽃게장의 아미노산의 함량은 전반적으로 염장후 그 함량이 감소하였고 유리아미노산은 염장후 증가하였다. 생꽃게와 꽃게장의 주요 아미노산은 glutamic acid. arginine 및 aspartic acid이었고 유리아미노산은 arginine, proline 및 alanine이었다. 지방산함량은 염장 후 그 함량이 감소하였고 주요지방산은 palmitic acid, oleic acid, EPA 및 DHA이었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.465-473
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• 1990

Glutaraldehyde have been used as the most effective cross-linking agent for stabilizing collagen fibers and preventing biodegradation. We processed bovine pericardium in a solution containing 0.625% glutaraldehyde,0.05M HEPES buffer and 0.26% magnesium chloride in saline. The glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardium was implanted in 36 patients at Seoul National University Hospital during a 11-month period between May 1989 and March 1990. 24 were males and 12 females, with ages ranging from 6 months to 168 months [mean age of 43 months]. In 12 patients, the glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardium was used for orthotopic reconstruction of the pericardial sac. In 24 patients. the glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardium was heterotopically implanted.; pulmonary monocusp implant and RVQT [right ventricular outflow tract] patch widening were performed in 10 patients, pulmonary monocusp implant in 6, RVOT patch widening in 4, valved conduit in 2, conduit and pulmonary angioplasty in 1, and ventricular septation in l. With vascular suture techniques, the anastomoses were immediately tight. There was no bleeding from the needle holes and no oozing through bovine pericardium itself. During the follow-up period of up to 10 months, no infections of the glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardium occurred and no bovine pericardium-related complications were observed in this series.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2022

We investigated the changes in the egg diameter of chub mackerel Scomber japonicus with the stages of egg development (and distinguished between hydrated oocyte and non-hydrated oocyte) for 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 30 days. The chub mackerel oocytes were preserved in seven fixing solutions (70% ethyl alcohol, 99.9% ethyl alcohol, 5% formalin, 10% formalin, 5% neutral buffered formalin, 10% neutral buffered formalin and Gilson's solution). At 30 days, the chub mackerel hydrated oocytes preserved in 70% ethyl alcohol and 99.9% ethyl alcohol had shrunk by 5.2% and 7.9%, respectively. Similarly, the non-hydrated oocytes in the same solutions shrunk by 10.3% and 14.0%, respectively. Oocytes preserved in Gilson's solution had an average egg diameter decrease in both the hydrated oocyte (by 16.9%) and non-hydrated oocytes (by 15.6%). The diameter of the preserved hydrated oocytes did not significantly differ between the 5% formalin, 10% formalin, 5% neutral buffered formalin and 10% neutral buffered formalin, with shrinkage percentages of 0.6%, 0.1%, 1.9% and 3.4%, respectively (P>0.05). Similarly, the shrinkage percentages of the non-hydrated oocytes were 4.3% (5% formalin), 5.5% (10% formalin), 4.3% (5% neutral buffered formalin), and 4.1% (10% neutral buffered formalin).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.289-296
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• 2013

Cryptomonads are unicellular, biflagellate algae. Generally, cryptomonad cells cannot be preserved well because of their fragile nature, and an improved methodology should be developed to identify cryptomonads from natural habitats. In this study, we tried using several cytological fixatives, including glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, and their combinations to preserve field samples collected from various waters, and the currently used fixative, Lugol's solution was tested for comparison. Results showed that among the fixatives tested, glutaraldehyde preserved the samples best, and the optimal concentration of glutaraldehyde was 2%. The cell morphology was well preserved by glutaraldehyde. Cells kept their original color, volume, and shape, and important taxonomic features such as furrow/gullet complex, ejectosomes, as well as flagella could be observed clearly, whereas these organelles frequently disappeared in Lugol's solution preserved samples. The osmotic adjustments and buffers tested could not preserve cell density significantly higher. Statistical calculation showed the cell density in the samples preserved by 2% glutaraldehyde remained stable after 43 days of the fixation procedure. In addition, DNA was extracted from glutaraldehyde preserved samples by grinding with liquid nitrogen and the 18S rDNA sequence was amplified by PCR. The sequence was virtually identical to the reference sequence, and phylogenetic analyses showed very close relationship between it and sequences from the same organism. To sum up, the present study demonstrated that 2% unbuffered glutaraldehyde, without osmotic adjustments, can preserve cryptomonads cells for identification, in terms of both light microscopy and phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequences.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.634-640
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• 1994

담금초기 소금물의 농도와 온도를 달리한 오이지의 숙성 중 품질요소인 pH, 산도, 색도, 조직감 등의 이화학적, 관능적 특성 변화를 조사하였다. 10% 소금물을 끓여 바로 부은 A처리구의 pH는 숙성 3일 경과시 3.30으로 급격히 감소하였고, 20% 소금물을 끓여 바로 부은 B처리구는 다른 처리구에 비해 숙성 40일 까지 pH가 4.16으로 완만하게 감소하였다. 산도는 모든 숙성 기간에서 A처리구가 가장 높은 값을 나타내었고, 소금 농도의 경우 숙성 3일 후 A처리구가 30%, B가 45%, C가 36%의 높은 소금침투율을 보였으나 숙성기간이 경과하면서 점차 증가속도가 완만하였다. 색도 변화에서 백색도는 모두 숙성 3일에 가장 높은 수치를 보인 후 감소하였고, 녹색도는 B처리구가 숙성 40일 까지 낮은 값을 보인 반면 황색도는 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 오이지의 절단강도는 숙성에 의해 생오이 보다 증가하였으나 담금초기 소금물의 농도와 온도의 상태에 따라 오이지의 부위에 각기 다른 특성을 나타내었고, 최대 절단력을 나타내는 숙성일수에 있어서도 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 도한 오이지의 부위 중 밑부위가 가운데 또는 꼭지부위에 비해 최대 절단강도를 보이는 숙성일수가 짧았다. 오이지 담금시 B처리구는 빠른 숙성 시일내에 오이지를 얻을 수는 있으나 오이지의 풍미와 조직감 특성이 떨어지는 것으로 판명되었고, 20% 소금물을 가열, 냉각 후 첨가한 C처리구는 오이지의 색상이 지나치게 퇴색되는 것으로 나타나 본 실험에서 이용한 전통적인 오이지 담금방법 중에서는 10% 소금물을 가열한 후 바로 오이에 첨가하는 방법이 가장 좋은 오이지의 조직감 및 관능적 특성을 나타내었다.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2022

In this paper we consider a modified version of Smirnov operator and obtain some Bernstein-type inequalities preserved by this operator. In particular, we prove some results which in turn provide the compact generalizations of some well-known inequalities for polynomials.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2022

A total of 20 mulberry varieties preserved in Korea were typed for eight polymorphic microsatellite loci. We obtained 6 to 15 alleles per locus with an average value of 10.6, per-locus observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.35 to 1.00, and per-locus polymorphic information content (PIC) ranging from 0.61 to 0.87, indicating that most loci are highly variable. Phylogenetic analysis using the eight microsatellite loci was sufficiently suitable for classifying 20 mulberry varieties preserved in Korea. A total of 160 variety-specific apomorphic alleles were obtained from eight loci discriminated 20 mulberry varieties. These variety-specific alleles from this analysis are expected to be useful for the discrimination of other mulberry varieties. Furthermore, a substantial number of homozygote loci, represented by 60 among 180 alleles in eight loci were found. These results collectively suggest that these microsatellite locus primers are potentially crucial molecular markers for the eventual classification of mulberry varieties that are preserved as hundreds in Korea.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2010

The present study examined how listeners of Seoul Korean would recover deleted phonemes in consonant cluster simplification. In a phoneme monitoring experiment, listeners had to monitor for C2 (/k/ or /p/) in C1C2C3 when C2 was deleted (C1 was preserved) or preserved (C1 was deleted). The target consonant (C2) was either /k/ or /p/ (e.g., i$\b{lk}$-t${\partial}$lato vs. pa$\b{lp}$-t${\partial}$lato), and there were two listener groups, one group tested in 2002 and the other in 2009. Some points have emerged from the results. First, listeners were able to detect deleted phonemes as accurately and rapidly as preserved phonemes, showing that the physical presence of the acoustic information did not improve the listeners' performance. This suggests that listeners must have relied on language-specific phonological knowledge about the consonant cluster simplification, rather than relying on the low-level acoustic-phonetic information. Second, listener groups (participants in 2002 vs. 2009), differed in processing /p/ versus /k/: listeners in 2009 failed to detect /p/ more frequently than those in 2002, suggesting that the way the consonant cluster sequence is produced and perceived has changed over time. This result was interpreted as coming from statistical patterns of speech production in contemporary Seoul Korean as reported in a recent study by Cho & Kim (2009): /p/ is deleted far more often than /p/ is preserved, which is likely reflected in the way listeners process simplified variants. Finally, listeners processed /k/ more efficiently than /p/, especially when the target was physically present (in C-preserved condition), indicating that listeners benefited more from the presence of /k/ than of /p/. This was interpreted as supporting the view that velars are perceptually more robust than labials, which constrains shaping phonological patterns of the language. These results were then discussed in terms of their implications for theories of spoken word recognition.

• 디자인융복합연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.81-98
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• 2017

이 연구는 프리저브드 플라워 패키지 디자인의 효율적 전개 여부를 평가하기 위해 조형 요소 뿐 아니라 제품 속성을 파악하여 접근하는 방향이 전제되어야 한다는 판단에서 시작되었다. 선행 연구를 기반으로 패키지 디자인의 구성 요건을 재정립하고, 제품 유형 분류 모형을 제안하였다. 패키지 디자인의 구성 원리는 6가지로 사용성, 심미성, 주목성, 독창성, 정체성, 상징성이며, 구성 요소는 크게 4가지 형태, 재질, 색상, 그래픽, 브랜드로 분류하였다. 제품 유형은 제품 정보 측면에서의 위험 지각과 제품 효익 측면에서의 사고 유형을 축으로 하여 4개 영역으로 구분하였다. 제품 유형 모형 영역별 대표 제품을 사례로 들어 패키지 디자인 구성 요소에서 발견되는 특징을 분석하여, 제품 유형에 따라 어떻게 디자인이 적용되어야 효과적이고 효율적인가에 대해 검토하였다. 이 모형에 대입해 프리저브드 플라워 패키지 디자인 전략적 방향성을 도출하였다. 최종적으로 연구용역으로 진행되어 제안된 평택시 프리저브드 플라워 브랜드 '프리저빌'의 패키지를 분석하여 한계점을 찾아보고 프리저브드 플라워라는 제품이 지향해야하는 패키지 디자인 관점을 제언하였다.