• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 1974

The effect of reticuloendothelial hyperfunction on hypothermic preservation of lung was studied in dogs. In order to evaluate the viability after hemodynamic_ load in preserved isolated lung, observations were made on the rate of increase in weight, degree of edema,compliance and surface activity of lung. The results obtained as follows: l. In the group of activating of the reticuloendothelial system by injection of sodium thiosulfate intravenously before pneumonectomy and infusion of naphthionine through the pulmonary artery before hypothermic preservation of isolated lung the limit of preservation was eight hours whereas four hours in non-treated control group. 2.Therefore the method of activating of the reticuloendothelial system before and after pulmonary resection seems effective in preserving for prolonging the period of preservation of lung by means of inhibition of pulmonary edema. 3. Pulmonary surface activity is expected to be valuable as a method in evaluation of the viability of preserved lung along with compliance and rate of increase in weight of lung.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.356-361
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• 2016

During storage, boar spermatozoa undergo several changes including diminished motility and viability and accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we investigated the effects of green tea extract (GTE) supplementation in the Sui Dil extender on the sperm motility, viability, ROS and lipid peroxidation (LPO) of long-term preserved boar semen at $17^{\circ}C$. A total number of eight boars were used for this experiment. Pooled ejaculates were diluted to $20{\times}10^6sperm/ml$ in the Sui Dil extender containing 0 (control), 1, 10, 100 or 500 mg/l GTE and were preserved at $17^{\circ}C$ for 24, 72, 120 and 168 h, respectively. At each storage time, sperm motility and viability were estimated by microscopic examination and the fluorescent double stain $Fertilight^{(R)}$, respectively. Sperm ROS level and LPO were assessed using the 2', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate ($H_2DCFDA$)/propidium iodide (PI) and C11-BODIPY581/591/PI with flow cytometry, respectively. Compared to that of the 500 mg group, there were higher sperm motility and viability in the 1, 10 and 100 mg GTE groups during the preservation from 24 to 168 h (p < 0.05). The ROS levels of the 10 and 100 mg groups during the 168 h preservation were lower than those of the 0, 1 and 500 mg groups (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in LPO regardless of the preservation period or the GTE concentration. In conclusion, the optimal concentrations (10 and 100 mg/l) of GTE that led to lower ROS levels may be useful for liquid boar sperm preservation at $17^{\circ}C$ for a period of 168 h.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.336-341
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• 2006

Objective : The authors conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the preservation rates of serviceable hearing and to determine its prognostic factors after gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery[GK SRS] in the patient with vestibular schwannomas. Methods : Between December 1997 and March 2005, 54 patients with a sporadic vestibular schwannoma and serviceable hearing [Gardner Robertson grade I-II] were enrolled in this study. Electronic database of medical records and radiological examinations before and after GK SRS were investigated to the last follow up. The mean marginal dose was $12.3{\pm}0.7Gy$. The mean maximum dose delivered to the tumor center was 24.7Gy [$22{\sim}30Gy$]. The median tumor volume was 2cc [$0.1{\sim}9.1cc$]. The median follow-up period of magnetic resonance[MR] imaging was 31 months [$6{\sim}99\;months$], and the mean follow-up period of audiometry was 24 months [$4{\sim}70\;months$]. Results : The tumor control rate was 100% in the patients with the follow up period more than 2 years. The trigeminal and facial nerve preservation rates were 98% and 100%, respectively. Twenty-eight [52%] of the 54 patients preserved serviceable hearing and 16 [30%] patients retained their pre-GK G-R grade level after GK SRS. In the univariate and multivariate analysis, there was no significant prognostic factor in preservation of the serviceable hearing. Conclusion : The hearing preservation rate is still unsatisfactory compared with the results of other cranial nerve preservation and tumor control in the treatment of vestibular schwannoma by GK SRS. More sophisticated strategy during and after GK SRS is necessary to improve long-term hearing preservation.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.2 s.92
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• pp.111-121
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of producing goods evaluating the preservation of DSG, PSG, DST and PST, all of which were the most preferred according to the results of sensory evaluation of some sauces made of Demi-glace sauce and a Teriyaki-applied sauce. The pH of normal Demi-glace sauce, at 5.2, was the highest among these sauces. The Teriyaki-applied Demi-glace sauce was the second with pH 5.12 DSG was the lowest. The pH didn't change significantly according to preservation. However, the degree of PSG's pH was lowered by the time period of preservation. DGST didn't changed a lot apart from being a bit morewatery (12.40) after three-week storage. It seemed that the viscosity of the normal sauces, checked after 10 sec, decreased. At 20 sec there were no differences among these sauces. After making 10 applied sauces and evaluating them, DSG, PSG, DST and PST gained the highest preference and the application of Teriyaki sauce was evaluated favorably. According to the preservation test. the sensory evaluation didn't seem to decrease within 2 weeks which demonstrated that the other physicochemical products were unaffected. Therefore, an improvement following more than two-week preservation is expected in t case of rigid store regulation.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.11-18
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• 2008

Due to an increasing amount of high rise apartment complexes and rapid city development, traditional houses and traditional housing districts have disappeared rapidly. Recognizing importance of traditional housing value, City of Seoul initiated public supports for traditional house preservation and revitalization of traditional housing district, especially Bukchon area. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of public support for Bukchon area by investigating land value changes. Land value changes were compared among the three periods, 1) before the municipal support initiated ($1997{\sim}1999$), 2) initial period of governmental policy and support ($2000{\sim}2003$), 3) development period in which policy has activated and governmental preservation and revitalization efforts have exercised ($2004{\sim}2007$). For the comparison of land value changes, houses in other districts in City of Seoul have been selected. As a result, land value has been changed along with land value changes in other areas in Seoul. Land values of Bukchon area appeared in the middle range in Seoul area. However, the increasing rate of land value of traditional houses and traditional housing district are much higher than that of other areas. Except for economical support and legislation for preservation and revitalization of traditional housing district, there is few factors explaining the sudden increase of land values. The result indicated the positive impacts of municipal committment and policies on development and preservation projects and suggested that governmental policy and support should be practiced continuously for gradual development for the traditional housing district.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.3 s.99
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• pp.281-287
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• 2007

In this study, we explored the characteristics of a Chinese cabbage kimchi sauce, which was made from natural pigments, according to the preservation period. There were no significant changes in pH and total acidity and the color of the sauce with added natural pigments demonstrated stability. Also, vitamin C and the change of viscosity decreased as the preservation period increased. A although the number of lactic acid bacteria decreased over a 20 day period, a certain level was sustained for 91 days. Lastly, the sensory properties of the sauce were not significantly different according to the preservation period.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 1989

^x As mentioned above, I consider the change of role that is related with Japanese thought of Natural Environmental Conservation, and I divide each part of periods into forest, farmland, open space, urban planning, environmental conservation etc. To summary the content of each period of Natural Environmental Conservation thought is as follows. 1) Previous period before formation(before 1919) In the previous period of Meiji, it could be said that the consciousness of the Natural Environmental Conservation was coming to existence. In this, so called, Natural Environmental Conservation, the thought of Forest Preservation was the main current and it was the thought of territorial integrity for the security of resource, the forestry conservancy and flood control in the forestry farmland. Since the age of Meiji, the theory of Natural Conservation appears from the theory of Japanese landscaping and systematic management about public parks was enforced, but the regular theory of Natural Environmental Conservation did not attain full growth. 2) The period of formation(1919~ 1954) In the period of formation, the base of Natural Environmental Conservation had been established. Parks and Open spaces were admitted as a public facilities in each city, and legislations which supported it had been continuously enacted and so on. In this period, the afforestation counter plan was emphasized on the side of territorial integrity. In the mountainous district. tree planting was emphasized to recover the forest which had been destroied by war. 3) The period of development(1955~ 1974) In the period of development, varied policies was institutionalized for the Natural Environmental Conservation. However, all sorts of development policy had performed simultaneously, thus development had complicated relation with preservation. But after 1970's the framework of system of Natural Environmental Conservation improvement was constituted to control the many kinds of development, and the spontaneous campaign of nature preservation by private lead was being taken root. This is the more progressive period. 4) The pried of root(after 1975) After the latter of 1970's, the role of Natural Environmental Conservation began to take root not in the direction of control but inducement, and, getting out of development - oriented policy, aimed at relation between human being and natural environment and the side of amenity of human environment. Besides, the current of Natural Environmental Conservation had been seperately progressed in the cities and forests. Since this period, it was the character that cities and forests began to be unified as 'amenity'space of man.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.367-373
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• 2009

Purpose: Following tooth extraction caused by severe periodontitis, alveolar ridge dimension lose their original volume. To reduce the alveolar ridge dimension, the ridge preservation technique has been introduced and tested in many clinical studies with membrane alone or membrane plus graft, achieving reduced ridge loss compared to extraction only. The aim of the present clinical study was to compare the post-extraction dimensional changes in the membrane exposure group to non-exposure group during healing period following ridge preservation technique. Methods: Ridge preservation was performed in 44 extraction sites. After extraction, deproteinized bovine bone mineral coated with synthetic oligopeptide (Ossgen-$X15^{(R)}$) or deproteinized bovine bone mineral (Bio-$Oss^{(R)}$) was implanted into the socket. A collagen membrane (Bio-$Gide^{(R)}$) was trimmed to cover the socket completely and applied to the entrance of the socket. Four clinical parameters were compared between baseline and 6 months. Results: During healing period, membrane exposure was observed at 19 sites. At the re-entry, hard newly formed tissue were observed at the ridge preservation site. The grafted socket sites were well preserved in their volume dimension. In both groups, horizontal ridge width was reduced and vertical height was increased. There were not statistically significant differences in horizontal (-1.32 mm vs -1.00 mm) and vertical ridge change (2.24 mm vs 2.37 mm at buccal crest, 1.36 mm vs. 1.53 mm at lingual crest) between two groups. Conclusions: The ridge preservation approach after tooth extraction effectively prevented resorption of hard tissue ridge in spite of membrane exposure during healing period.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.26
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• pp.113-139
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• 1994

Government archives are basic source materials in the historical study. Whereas, researches on the archives of Choson-chongdokbu have been very scant. Those archives contain information about both colonism of Japan and independent movement of Korea are comparatively well preserved at Government Archives and Record Services. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the characteristic of archives and to evaluate the system of archival management of Choson-chongdokbu. Based on the official gazette and archives of Choson-chongdokbu, this study has revealed the division of archival work, the writing and treatment of official document, compilation and preservation, and the procedure of use and destruction. As a result of the research, the followings have been identified; 1. Archival regulations were prepared by the instructions of Choson­chongdokbu at the early days of its establishment. Inspite of several revisions, its basis was maintained until 1945. 2. Each agency had its own archival department instead of central archives. 3. The archival department of Choson-chongdokbu controlled the archival administration of headquarters and attached agencies. But the secret archives were managed by the secretarial department. 4. The writing and treatment of archives were done by the archival regulation made in 1911. 5. Each agency had set more or less different preservation period. 6. There were three ways of using archives, 1) the in-house reading 2) the loan 3) the transcriptions. The archives passed the preservation period were destroyed in accordance with the related departments.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.57-95
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• 2021

Korea's period for preservation of embryos is up to five years (the Bioethics Act). However, the study reviewed domestic and foreign laws and drew issues due to the recent demand that the development of related science and technology and the period limitation limit the rights of consent holder for embryo production. the first issue is that preserved embryos are intended for pregnancy, and it is important to ensure that the autonomy of the consent holder is protected through careful consideration based on information such as scientific evidence. the second is that regulations regarding the obligation to manage embryonic preservation institutions are needed. the third is to create a social atmosphere in which embryo creation, preservation, and disposal take place in a minimum range, considering the special status of embryos. based on this issue, the first of the proposals for rational improvement of the regulation and system about embryo preservation is the introduction of an environment in which sufficient explanation and appropriate consent can be exercised and to extend the reasons for the extension of the period, rather than specifying the specific period in law. the second is that institutionalization is necessary considering not only the obligation to manage preservation institutions but also the overall site, such as concerns that may arise as a result. lastly, we propose the introduction of a management method considering the future use of embryos, such as transfer to provide research purposes and donation of pregnancy purposes by others. this process should be a method of sufficient social discussion and consensus, as well as a general consideration of the family relationship with the born child.