• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.748-753
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• 2000

Objectives : A 10-year retrospective clinical study was undertaken to determine the differences between two groups according to age at presentation(group A, under 50 ; B, over 50). Methods : We analyzed 468 cases with chronic subdural hematoma admitted to the department of neurosurgery in our hospital from January 1987 to December 1996. The patients were divided into two groups according to age at presentation(group A, under 50 ; B, over 50). Results : 1) The number of group A was 126 cases(26.9%) and that of group B was 342 cases(73.1%), respectively. Males were more frequently involved than females in each group. 2) There noted a history of head trauma in 88.9% of group A and 92.4% of group B. Forty-nine patients(38.9%) of group A and 103 cases(30.1%) of group B revealed a history of alcoholism. 3) Group A patients presented with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure such as headache(75.% ), nausea and vomiting(68.0%). However, Group B patients had more frequent mental changes(84.0%) and focal neurological deficits such as hemiparesis(76.5%). 4) Onset of symptom and its duration was shorter in group A than group B. 5) Six patients among 441 cases(1.4%) treated with burr hole drainage and two patients of 27 cases(5.4%) with craniotomy died, and all of these were group B patients. The two cases among six patients with burr hole drainage developed huge intracerebral hemorrhage and brain stem hemorrhage, respectively. Conclusion : In treating patients with chronic subdural hematoma, distinguishing between two age groups is quite helpful to determine treatment strategies.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

There are many spreading effects that never experienced before due to digital progress of the present age. Digital progress produce innovative changes now in cultural environment, architectural process, exhibition techniques, called the age of digital technology. The functional relation between 'Digital' and' Architecture' must not to be overlooked in field of cyber architecture, further more, space design, so that requests some necessary to build new paradigm for digital presentation and spatial experience.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.240-244
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• 2000

Background: Neuroblastoma is the third most common malignancy of chidhood, and is the most common mediastinal mass in children under the age of 2 years. However, the results of surgical treatment have been seldomly reported in Korea. Therefore, we analyzed the results of surgical treatment in children with neuroblastoma and its influencing factors. Material and Method: We studied the clinical characteristics and prognosis of 12 children, 11 makes and 1 female, whose primary thoracic neurobalstomas or ganglioneuroblastomas were diagnosed and operated between 1977 and 1997. Men age at presentation was 29.9 months. Result: Respiratory symptoms were the modes of performed in 9 patients. Complete excision, partial excision, and biopsy only were performed in 9, 2, and 1 patients respectively. Ten patients of thoractic neuroblastomas survived (83.3%) during follow-up period. Conclusion: The postoperatve 5-year survival of thoracic neuroblastoma was 76.4% and the prognosis was related to the stage of neuroblastoma. We suggest that complete resection should be considered as preferential method in the treatment of thoracic neuroblastoma in children, especially with early stage.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.53.2-53.2
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• 2017

The origin of the well-known correlation between Hubble residual of Type Ia Supernova (SN Ia) and mass of their host galaxies is yet to be fully understood. In our first paper of our YOnsei Evolutionary Supernovae Evolutionary Investigation (YONSEI) project, we found a significant (${\sim}3.9{\sigma}$) correlation between host galaxy mass (velocity dispersion) and population age from high S/N host spectra observed using LCO 2.5 m telescope. Since there is no correlation with metallicity, our result suggests that stellar population age is mainly responsible for the relation between host mass and HR. In order to explore this more directly, we have subsequently observed more sample of nearby early-type host galaxies using MMT 6.5 m telescope. In this poster presentation, we will report our progress in this project and show the preliminary results from our MMT observations.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권5호
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• pp.239-241
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• 2016

Choledochal cyst is a dilation that encloses the intrahepatic or both extra- and intrahepatic portions of the biliary ducts. Postnatally, ultrasonography is the initial diagnostic modality of choice, allowing for precise measurements of intra- or extrahepatic duct dilatation and identification of stones and sludge. Symptoms depend on the age at presentation. Common bile duct malformations should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a cystic mass regardless of the cyst's size or patient's age, especially in children presenting with abdominal pain, jaundice, and palpable mass. To the best of our knowledge, we report the largest choledochal cyst in infancy.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2012

Gastric duplication is a rare anomaly which account for only 3.8% of all gastrointestinal duplication. Gastric duplications are usually cystic lesion without communication with lumen. Most frequent presentation is an abdominal mass with vomiting, mainly diagnosed within the first year of life. Surgical removal is necessary in all cases, and optimal timing for surgery is the time that diagnosis is made. However, prenatally diagnosed gastric duplication is getting more common, and determining timing for surgery is not easy due to absent or minimal symptoms just after birth. We experienced prenatally diagnosed gastric duplication in a female newborn baby that gastric duplication was suggested in $24^{th}$ week of gestational age through prenatal ultrasonogram. Surgical removal was done at 3 months after birth, and showed good results. We think that natural history of gastric duplication and prevalent age of surgical disease which is similar to gastric duplication such infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis should be considered when timing of surgery on prenatally gastric duplication is decided.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2009

Contralateral groin exploration (CGE) in children with unilateral inguinal hernia remains controversial. Between January 2002 and December 2007, 1967 pediatric patients with inguinal hernia were treated by two surgeons with different criteria of CGE (group A; boys younger than 2 years, older boys prematurely delivered, and all girls, B; birth weight lower than 2 kg with inguinal hernia presentation within 6 months after birth, and suspicious physical findings) at Samsung medical center. Patient's age, sex, body weight, diagnosis, and metachronous contralateral inguinal hernia (MIH) incidence were analyzed retrospectively. Among 895 patients in group A, CGE was performed in 460 patients (66.4 %) and MIH incidence was 1.7 %. In group B, 31 patients (3.5 %) had CGE among 1072 patients, and MIH incidence was 4.2 %. The average hospital costs of group A and B were 763,956 won and 500,708 won, respectively. The CGE criteria of group B had advantage in total hospital cost. The primary site and the age at presentation had a signiticant effect on the incidence of MIH. But MIH incidence was low and the more contralateral explorations lead to increase of total costs. Therefore, routine contralateral groin exploration and surgery for a patent processus vaginalis could not be justified.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1004-1012
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• 2001

Objective : The spinal cord tumors(including vertebral tumors) are increasingly diagnosed and operated due to development of refined diagnostic and therapeutic tools. It is necessary to re-evaluate clinical features and surgical results of spinal cord tumors with increasing cases and developing treatment modalities. The authors reviewed the spinal cord tumor cases to evaluate their clinical characteristics. Material and Methods : The retrospective review of 654 cases of spinal cord tumors between 1973 and 1999 was done. The clinical features, pathological analysis and surgical results were analyzed and compared to the literature. The results of the study are analyzed with a more detailed consideration of each of major pathologies : neurogenic tumors, meningeal tumors, neuroepithelial tumors, and metastatic tumors. Results and Conclusion : The spinal cord tumor was most common in the 5th decade of age(145 cases, 22.1%) and 78 cases(11.9%) were found in children under 15 years of age. The ratio of male to female was 1.2 : 1. The pathologic diagnosis was neurogenic tumor in 266 cases(40.7%), neuroepithelial tumor in 131(20.0%), metastatic tumor in 118(18.0%), and meningeal tumor in 94(14.4%) in the order of frequency. The tumor was located most frequently in the thoracic area(36.5%) and in the intradural extramedullary space(38.1%). The most common initial presentation was pain(40.1%) and the mean duration for presentation to operation was 14.8 months. The total or gross total removal was possible in 404 cases(61.7%) and the surgical result on the postoperative one month was recovery or improvement in 424 cases(64.8%), stationary in 188(28.7%), progression in 42(6.4%). As a surgical complication, there was a spinal deformity(12 cases), wound infection(5 cases), aspiration pneumonia(5 cases) etc. Neurogenic tumors and menigiomas showed good surgical results, whereas neuroepithelial tumors(except ependymoma) and metastatic tumors showed relatively poor prognosis.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2018

Purpose: Monogenic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients do not respond to conventional therapy and are associated with a higher morbidity. We summarized the clinical characteristics of monogenic IBD patients and compared their clinical outcomes to that of non-monogenic IBD patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all children <18 years old who were diagnosed with IBD between 2005 and 2016. A total of 230 children were enrolled. Monogenic IBD was defined as a presentation age less than 6 years old with confirmation of a genetic disorder. We subdivided the groups into monogenic IBD (n=18), non-monogenic very early-onset IBD (defined as patients with a presentation age <6 years old without a confirmed genetic disorder, n=12), non-monogenic IBD (defined as all patients under 18 years old excluding monogenic IBD, n=212), and severe IBD (defined as patients treated with an anti-tumor necrosis factor excluding monogenic IBD, n=92). We compared demographic data, initial pediatric Crohn disease activity index/pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index (PCDAI/PUCAI) score, frequency of hospitalizations, surgical experiences, and height and weight under 3rd percentile among the patients enrolled. Results: The initial PCDAI/PUCAI score (p<0.05), incidence of surgery per year (p<0.05), and hospitalization per year (p<0.05) were higher in the monogenic IBD group than in the other IBD groups. Additionally, the proportion of children whose weight and height were less than the 3rd percentile (p<0.05 and p<0.05, respectively) was also higher in the monogenic IBD group. Conclusion: Monogenic IBD showed more severe clinical manifestations than the other groups.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권18호
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• pp.8235-8238
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• 2016

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer causing high morbidity and mortality worldwide. An increasing incidence of lung cancer has been observed in India. Objectives:To evaluate the clinicpathological profile and haematological abnormalities associated with lung cancer in Bangalore, India. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out over a period of 2 years. A total of 96 newly diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed cases of lung cancer were included in the study. Results: Our lung cancer cases had a male to female ratio of 3:1. Distribution of age varied from 40 to 90 years, with a major contribution in the age group between 61 and 80 years (55.2%). Smoking was the commonest risk factor found in 69.7% of patients. The most frequent symptom was cough (86.4%) followed by loss of weight and appetite (65.6%) and dyspnea (64.5%). The most common radiological presentation was a mass lesion (55%). The most common histopathological type was squamous cell carcinoma (47.9%), followed by adenocarcinoma (28.1%) and small cell carcinoma (12.5%). Distant metastasis at presentation was seen in 53.1% patients. Among the haematological abnormalities, anaemia was seen in 61.4% of patients, leucocytosis in 36.4%, thrombocytosis in 14.5% and eosinophilia in 19.7% of patients. Haematological abnormalities were more commonly seen in non small cell lung cancer. Conclusions: Squamous cell carcinoma was found to be the most common histopathological type and smoking still remains the major risk factor for lung cancer. Haematological abnormalities are frequently observed in lung cancer patients, anaemia being the commonest of all.