• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.313-317
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• 2010

Li, Zr doped mesoporous silica was synthesized in one pot and investigated for low temperature $CO_2$ adsorption. Herein CTAB and TEOS are used as structural directing agent and silica source respectively. The characteristics of the material was obtained from FT IR, XRD, SEM, TG and BET results. ICP AES results revealed the presence of lithium and zirconium. The material possesses high surface area ($962.22m^2g^{-1}$) with mono dispersed particles of about 2 nm. The maximum $CO_2$ adsorption capacity is 5 wt % (50 mg/g) of $CO_2$/g of sorbent at $25^{\circ}C$, which is regenerable at $200^{\circ}C$. This regeneration temperature of the adsorbent is lower than the reported lithium zirconium silicate powder. Until now, there is no report for the synthesis of Li, Zr doped mesoporous silica. The performance studies illustrate that Li, Zr doped mesoporous silica is tunable, regenerable, recyclable and selective sorbent and hence found to be a promising candidate for $CO_2$ adsorption.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.83-90
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• 2006

Supercritical carbon dioxide ($scCO_2$) has advantages of being incorporated in polymer with high solubility and of being recovered easily by depressurizing. $scCO_2$ reduces the viscosity of polymer melt and it is expected to be use as a plasticizing agent. In this work, we studied on the effect of $scCO_2$ on the rheological properties of polymer melts during extrusion process. Slit die attached to twin screw extruder was used to measure the viscosity of polymer melts plasticized by supercritical $CO_2$. A gas injection system was devised to accurately meter the supercritical $CO_2$ into the extruder barrel. Measurements of pressure drop within the die, confirmed the presence of a one phase mixture and a fully developed flow during the measurements. The viscosity measurement of polypropylene was performed at experimental conditions of various temperatures, pressures and $CO_2$ concentrations. We observed that melt viscosity of polymer was dramatically reduced by $CO_2$ addition.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.251-255
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• 2005

In the present study, we tried to investigate whether protein kinase C (PKC) activator, phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate (PMA), and PKC inhibitors, $G\"{o}-6976$, Ro-31-8220 and rottlerin significantly affect basal mucin relesed from cultured airway goblet cells. Confluent primary hamster tracheal surface epithelial (HTSE) cells were metabolically radiolabeled with $^3H$-glucosamine for 24 hr and chased for 30 min in the presence of each agent to assess the effects on $^3H$-mucin release. The results were as follows: (1) PMA increased mucin release from cultured HTSE cells, during 30 min of treatment period; (2) However, $G\"{o}-6976$, Ro-31-8220 and rottlerin did not significantly affect mucin release, during 30 min of treatment period. This finding suggests, at least in part, that PKC might playa minor role in the signaling pathways involved in basal - physiological or constitutive - mucin release from airway goblet cells, although further studies are needed.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.246-250
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• 2005

In this study, we tried to investigate whether diclofenac, acetaminophen, nimesulide, acetylsalicylic acid and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) significantly affect mucin release from cultured airway goblet cells. Confluent primary hamster tracheal surface epithelial (HTSE) cells were metabolically radiolabeled with $^3H$-glucosamine for 24 hr and chased for 30 min or 24 hr in the presence of each agent to assess the effects on $^3H$-mucin release. The results were as follows: (1) TNF-alpha significantly increased mucin release from cultured HTSE cells during 24 hr of treatment period; (2) However, diclofenac, acetaminophen, nimesulide and acetylsalicylic acid did not affect mucin release, during 30 min of treatment period. Basically, this finding suggests that non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) might not function as a mucoregulator in various inflammatory respiratory diseases showing mucus hypersecretion, although further studies are needed.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.507-511
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• 2014

Outbreaks of tick-borne disease cases in Santa Catarina, Brazil are known, but the presence of the pathogen DNA has never been determined. In this study, the first survey of Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina, and Babesia bovis DNA on blood samples of 33 cattle from an outbreak in Ponte Alta Municipality, Santa Catarina, Brazil, has been carried out. A multiplex PCR detected 54.5% of animals were co-infected with 2 or 3 parasites, while 24.2% were infected with only 1 species. The most prevalent agent was B. bigemina (63.6%) followed by A. marginale (60.6%). This is the first report of tick-borne disease pathogens obtained by DNA analysis in Southern Brazil.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.739-742
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• 2013

A 52-year-old woman presented with lower back pain, progressive symmetrical paraparesis with sensory impairment, and sphincter disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the whole spine revealed multiple intradural extramedullary serpiginous-mass lesions in the subarachnoid space continuously from the prepontine to the anterior part of the medulla oblongata levels, C7, T2-T8, and T12 vertebral levels distally until the end of the theca sac and filling-in the right S1 neural foramen. Sparganosis was diagnosed by demonstration of the sparganum in histopathological sections of surgically resected tissues and also by the presence of serum IgG antibodies by ELISA. DNA was extracted from unstained tissue sections, and a partial fragment of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene was amplified using a primer set specific for Spirometra spp. cox1. After sequencing of the PCR-amplicon and alignment of the nucleotide sequence data, the causative agent was identified as the larva of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.81-84
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• 2017

Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease. Epimastigote forms of T. cruzi can be readily cultured in axenic conditions. Ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) are commonly used solvents employed as vehicles for hydrophobic compounds. In order to produce a reference plot of solvent dependent growth inhibition for T. cruzi research, the growth of epimastigotes was analyzed in the presence of different concentrations of ethanol (0.1-4.0%) and DMSO (0.5-7.5%). The ability of the parasites to resume growth after removal of these solvents was also examined. As expected, both ethanol and DMSO produced a dose-dependent inhibition of cellular growth. Parasites could recover normal growth after 9 days in up to 2% ethanol or 5% DMSO. Since DMSO was better tolerated than ethanol, it is thus recommended to prefer DMSO over ethanol in the case of a similar solubility of a given compound.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.240-244
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• 2009

High molecular weight(MW), 3-arm star poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) with a narrow MW distribution($M_n$=570,000 g/mol, PDI=1.36) was successfully synthesized by activators regenerated by electron transfer(ARGET) atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP). The polymerization was carried out with a trifunctional initiator/$CuBr_2$/N,N,N',N",N"-pentamethyldiethy lenetriamine(PMDETA) initiator/catalyst system in the presence of a tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate [$Sn(EH)_2$] reducing agent at $90^{\circ}C$. The concentration of the copper catalyst was as low as 30 ppm, and a high initiation efficiency of the initiating sites was obtained. The chain-end functionality of the high MW, 3-arm star PMMA was confirmed by a chain extension experiment with styrene via ARGET ATRP, using the same catalyst system.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.8-17
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• 2008

For the purpose of standardization and practicability of natural dyeing, the mordanting and dyeing properties of turmeric was studied. In this study, the colorants of turmeric were extracted with boiling water. Chitosan-crosslinked cotton fabrics was dyed with aqueous extract of turmeric and their dyeabilities on the fabrics were studied. Additionally the fastness to washing and light were also investigated. Cotton fabrics were treated with a crosslinking agent epichlorohydrin in the presence of chitosan to provide the cotton fabrics the dyeing properties of natural dye(turmeric) by the chemical linking of chitosan to the cellulose structure. The chitosan finishing and durable press finishing of the cotton fabrics occurred simultaneously in the mercerization bath. The dyeability(K/S), which was obtained by CCM observation, remarkably became increased when the crosslinked chitosan concentration was higher. Dyeability of turmeric was improved on chitosan-crosslinked cotton fabric rather than only cotton fabric, while the saturated dyeing time was 20minutes at $60^{\circ}C$. The hue value indicated greenish yellow with increasing the crosslinked chitosan concentration. And the color fastness to washing and light was almost the same.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.211-216
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• 2004

Citrus unshiu (Rutaceae) has long been known as an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic agent. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of CUWE (Citus unshiu water extract) on the production of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and tryptase was examined. In addition, a possible mechanism for the inhibition of trypsin-stimulated human leukemic mast cell-1 (HMC- 1 ) activation was determined. To do so, $TNF-{\alpha}$ production from the HMC-1 cells that were stimulated by trypsin (100 nM) in the presence or absence of CUWE $(10,\;100,\;and\;100\;{\mu}g/ml)$ was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-PCR. The tryptase production was evaluated by reverse transcription-PCR. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation was analyzed by Western blot. Trypsin activity was measured by using Bz-DL-Arg-p-nitroanilide (BAPNA) as substrate. Results showed that the CUWE inhibited production of both $TNF-{\alpha}$ and tryptase from the trypsin-stimulated HMC-1 in a dose-dependent manner. The CUWE a1so inhibited the ERK phosphorylation and trysin activity. These results indicate that the CUWE had an inhibitory effect on $TNF-{\alpha}$ and the tryptase productions by blocking the ERK phosphorylation and trypsin activity.