• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.236-252
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to assess the microbiological quality of home-delivered meals during production and delivery for children from low-income families. Production flows from a facility in Seoul that provides home-delivered meals were analyzed and the time-temperature of the food was measured. Microbiological assessment was performed for the production environment, personal hygiene, and food samples at each production and delivery step based on the process approach. It took 2 hours or longer from completion of production to meal delivery. An aerobic colony count (ACC) and coliform were not detected at knives, cutting boards, and dish towels. However, ACC (at pre-preparation, preparation, and packing areas) and coliform (at the preparation area) were detected on the hands and gloves of employees. Air-borne bacterial counts varied according to day and preparation area (ND~6 CFU/plate/15 min). Food temperatures, on the completion of production and meal delivery, fell into temperature danger zones. ACC and coliform counts of raw ingredients did not decrease after pre-preparation (washing and sanitizing) for menus involving food preparation with no cook step. ACC decreased after cooking step for menus of food preparation with cook step, but the ACC of the stir-fried and seasoned dried filefish fillet on the completion of cooking was too numerous to count due to improper heating. The ACC of seasoned young Chinese cabbages (a menu with complex food preparation) increased during delivery (from 2.5 log CFU/ml to 5.0 log CFU/ml). This qualitative assessment of foodborne pathogens revealed that B. cereus was detected in vegetable and meat product menus. These results suggest time-temperature control is necessary during production and delivery and management guidelines during production of home-delivered meals are provided for safe production.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.220-227
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of tooth preparation abilities of students according to three self-assessment methods. Materials and Methods: forty-eight sophomores in Kyungpook National University College of Dentistry were divided into three experimental groups. Students performed tooth preparation of the left mandibular first molar for full gold crown. They performed self-assessment using the three methods (visual, digital, and putty index self-assessment group), and reperformed tooth preparation. An intraoral scanner was used to scan each tooth model (prepared tooth and unprepared tooth), and data were acquired in standard tessellation language (STL) file format. The STL files of prepared tooth and unprepared tooth were superimposed using the 3-dimensional analysis software (Geomagic control X). And the reduction amount was measured. In the statistical analysis, all values of reduction amount were analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed rank test and Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 0.05). Results: The three self-assessment methods showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.001). The putty index self-assessment group showed the highest reduction in error than the digital self-assessment method. Conclusion: Within limitations of this study, students showed significant differences in improvement of tooth preparation ability according to the three self-evaluation methods.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.9-30
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• 1994

Environmental Impact Assessment System, ever since its enactment in Korea fourteen years ago, has been steadily improved by introduction and implementation of new concepts and methodologies which include Environmental Impact Statement(EIS) preparation technique, selection of environmental factors, and the like. However, current guideline requires that every EIS, regardless of the specifics of the project type or characteristics of the site, must evaluate and study for all twenty-two environmental factors as set forth in the regulation. The situation causes many undesirable problems like; lack of site specific evaluation in most EISs, over-sized EIS drafts, consuming too much time and costs for EIS preparation, and so on. The objectives of this study are: - To establish a set of criteria to classify the types of the projects in terms of features of the project content and the characteristics of the site area. - To establish a guideline for selecting major environmental factors of the project type criteria, and - To provide basic materials for the preparation of complets draft EIS of the Amendment of Environmental Impact Assessment Act.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1995

Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) in Korea has developed as a tool for environmental conservation and decision making since Environmental Impact Statement(EIS) preparation in 1981. For effective implementation of it, we do system development and method enhancement continuously. The recently introduced GIS (Geographic Information System) can integrate geographic and attribute data, which will be applied to scoping, assessment, and alternative assessment, etc. in EIA. This study has three major components. First, it explains building of EIA factors of natural environment, living environment, and socio-economic environment of the study area defined in EIS preparation regulation. Second, the study presents applications of assessment method concerning suitability analysis of landfill site using GIS. Finally, it shows integration of GIS and odor impact assessment. Based on these analysis, the study makes some recommendations and conclusions.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.247-254
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• 2012

This paper seeks for the set-up plan in the reasonable target area of environmental assessment. Domestically, the target area of environmental assessment is set up by the adjustment of opinion collection about the assessment scope result of an environmental factor. In a foreign country, the boundary of the target area for a development project is established with the environmental, economical, and social viewpoint based on the standard for significantly environmental impact. Based on the analysis of the present condition at home and abroad, the first set-up plan for the reasonable target area of environmental assessment is the preparation of the detailed term definition related to the target area of environmental assessment. The second is the arrangement of the judgement standard for significantly environmental impact. The quantitative assesment item can apply the present standard or regulation, and the qualitative assessment item can establish the standard based on factual and objective data. The last is the preparation of the reference material or the guideline for deciding the initial target area by the judgement standard and determining the final target area by opinion collection in the stage of scoping.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.69-79
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to suggest a guideline that can be used as a standard for consultation and review by environmental impact assessment consultation and review practitioner to enhance the practical effectiveness of creating alternative habitats. The consultation stage of environmental impact assessment was significantly divided into 1) preparation of draft environmental impact assessment reports and gathering of consensus thereon, 2) preparation of environmental impact assessment reports and consultation thereon, 3) follow-up survey of environmental impacts(under construction) and 4) follow-up survey of environmental impacts(in operation). And it was suggested that the procedures of creating alternative habitat by each consultation stage were linked in order of 1) planning, 2) designing, 3) construction, and 4) post-monitoring and maintenance. The basic principles were also proposed for each stage of consultation on environmental impact assessment and procedure for the creation of alternate habitats. Then, issues and methods to be reviewed by the consulting agency and review agency of environmental impact assessment were presented in detail. The guideline of this study provides important information not only to environmental impact assessment consultation and review practitioner, but also to developers and environmental impact assessment agents who plan, construct, and manage alternative habitats.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.506-511
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• 2022

In the Chemicals Control Act, a system was implemented to unify off-site risk assessment and risk management plan into the prevention and management system for chemical accidents. Among the hazardous chemicals which have been covered in system, the accident preparation substances are designated as chemical substances that are likely to occur and of which damage scale are likely to be large in the event of chemical accidents. In this study, risks were compared by selecting accident preparation substances with similar regulated quantities. In addition, risk assessment studies were conducted applying the accident scenarios. Four types of materials such as ammonia, hydrogen chloride, carbon disulfide and benzene were selected for the study, and risks were finally analyzed using Safeti 8.0, a quantitative risk assessment program by DNV. As a result, some materials are identified to have high risks comparing to other substances having similar regulated quantities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.19-29
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to suggest improvements of Eco-Natural map preparation guideline by presenting assessment methods that can be applied to the result of river ecosystem health survey and assessment, using the Geographic Information System. The area for studying is the main stream of the Hwang River where is easy to collect data and available to compare before and after of river assessment. It was reevaluated by reflecting the result of river ecosystem health assessment of the Ministry of Environment. As the result, Eco-Natural map of the study area reflecting the river assessment, the changes in the area ratio by grade have been increased from 1.14% to 14.03% in the first-grade and from 24.64% to 43.91% in the second-grade. It is considered to present more realistic grade due to the assessment of the rivers that have not been reflected in the meantime. Consequently, the result of this study will be useful for establishing the development projects on the rivers, providing the foundation for more realistic and active protection.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.345-352
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• 2018

In order to establish mainstreaming of climate change adaptation in policy, plan, program or project, we set up three kinds of implementation methods. The first is preparation of new law(tentatively called "Act on Climate Change Response") and independent implementation, the second is preparation of new law and two kinds of implementation in existing Environmental Impact Assessment system, and the third is integrated assessment in Environmental Impact Assessment system without new legal base. And we analyzed merits and demerits of suggested schemes, and specific contents of each method. Furthermore, we suggested overview of contents of new law and revised Environmental Impact Assessment law and related regulations.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.91-101
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• 2004

This study is a part of three year project of “A Study on the Development, Evaluation ＆ Outreach of Marriage Preparation Program”. The purpose of this study is to analyse the unmarried and married couples' attitude about marriage and family, marriage preparation status, their needs of marriage preparation program and ingredients of marital happiness to developing base line data of the marriage preparation program. The result showed that communication ＆ conflict resolution, financial management, relationship characteristics are the major contents area to be considered to develop marriage preparation program. Critics and recommendation for need assessment and educational methods were added.