• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.723-729
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between female college students' stress level and premenstrual syndrome so that it can provide baseline data on how to cope with the syndrome. The study subjects are 250 female college students in Gyungbook area. This study chose 199 appropriate subjects and collected data. As per general menstrual phases, this study investigated the age when one had her first period, regularity and duration of period, and amount of bleeding. It used a measurement tool to measure stress level and premenstrual syndrome. Most of the subjects experienced their first period before the age of 13. The menstrual period was irregular with the duration of less than 7 days. 123 subjects had normal amount of bleeding. 121 subjects were experiencing high level of stress over 2.4. The correlation between the level of stress and premenstrual syndrome factors showed significant static correlation for each factor. Especially, the correlation between digestive system and response of autonomic nervous system was .996 and negative emotion and behavioral change was .635, and negative emotion and pain was .614 which were relatively high. The regression analysis of factors of premenstrual syndrome depending on the subjects' stress level indicated that response of autonomic nervous system had the biggest effect in the low stress group while behavioral change, negative emotion, pain, decreased concentration, water congestion, response of autonomic nervous system, and skin change had the biggest effect in the high stress group with statistical significance. Based on the result, it can be said that higher premenstrual stress is closely related to the premenstrual syndrome one experiences for some female college students.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.190-195
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 월경전 불쾌기분장애 그룹과 무증상 그룹으로 나누어 여성 24명을 대상으로4주 동안 식이 섭취량 및 체구성성분이 월경주기에 따라 변화하는지를 알아보고자 하였고 이에 본 결과를 요약하였다. 월경주기에 따른 식이섭취량은 PMDD 그룹과 NPS 그룹에 상관없이 난포기보다 황체기와 생리기에 유의적으로 증가하였으나(p<0.01), 그룹 간에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았으며, 탄수화물 섭취량은 PMDD 그룹과 NPS 그룹에 상관없이 난포기보다 황체기와 생리기에 유의적으로 증가하였으나(p<0.05), 그룹간에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았고, 단백질 섭취량은 PMDD 그룹과 NPS 그룹에 상관없이 난포기보다 황체기에 유의적으로 증가하였으나(p<0.01), 그룹간에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았으며, 지방 섭취량은 PMDD그룹과 NPS그룹에 상관없이 주기 간 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으며 그룹 간에도 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 월경주기에 따른 체중은 PMDD그룹과 NPS그룹에 상관없이 난포기보다 황체기와 생리기에서 유의적으로 증가한 것으로 나타났으나(p<0.001), 그룹간에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았으며, 체수분은 PMDD 그룹과 NPS 그룹에 상관없이 난포기보다 황체기와 생리기에서 유의적으로 증가한 것으로 나타났으나(p<0.05), 그룹 간에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 체지방량은 PMDD그룹과 NPS 그룹에 상관없이 난포기보다 황체기에서 유의적으로 증가한 것으로 나타났으나(p<0.05), 그룹 간에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이와 같은 결과는 여성의 식이섭취량, 혈당 및 체구성성분은 월경주기의 변화에 영향을 받는 것으로 보이며 월경주기에 작용하는 변인과를 관련시켜 월경전증후군의 치료 또는 관리방법에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료되며, 앞으로 이에 관한 보다 체계적인 연구가 활발하게 이루어지길 기대한다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.233-240
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• 1999

본 연구는 청소년 여성에서 월경전기, 월경기, 월경후기간 스트레스인자 지각 및 정신병리를 비교하기 위해 시행되었다. 여자 고등학생 341명(인문계 164명, 예능계 177명)을 대상으로 하였고, 평가도구는 스트레스인자 지각 및 정신병리를 평가하기 위해 global assessment of recent stress(GARS) scale과 symptom checklist-90-revised(SCL-90R)를 이용하였다. 월경기보다 월경전기 및 월경후기 중에 관계의 변화에 관련된 스트레스인자 지각점수가 각각 유의하게 더 높았다. 그러나 세 기간 중 정신병리는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 한편 인문계 학생들이 예능계 학생들보다 일상생활의 변화유무에 관한 스트레스인자 지각점수는 물론 강박증 척도접수와 positive symptom total(PST) 점수가 유의하게 더 높았다. 결론적으로 일부 스트레스인자지각이 월경기보다 월경전기 및 월경후기 중에 더 현저할 가능성이 높으나 정신병리는 월경주기와 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 청소년 여성들의 정신병리가 월경주기 이외의 다른 변수들의 영향을 받을 가능성이 있음을 시사하였다.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 1999

목 적 : 광치료는 계절성 기분장애, 약간의 비계절성 주요 우울장애 및 월경전우울증 등의 치료에 이용되고 있다. 저자들은 일중주기리듬의 장애가 병인론으로 제시되고 있는 월경전 불쾌기분 장애에 대한 광치료 효과를 평가하기 위하여 광치료의 임상시도를 하였다. 방 법 : DSM-IV의 월경전 불쾌기분장애 진단기준에 충족되는 4명의 환자에서 광박스(light box,Apolo bright lite III)를 이용한 저녁 광치료(6:30-8:00pm) 시도하였다. 결 과 : 연구대상은 광치료 후, 그 정도에는 차이가 있으나, 월경전기 증상과 더불어 우울기분과 불안이 감소하는 변화를 보였다. 본 연구는 임상시도로 연구대상이 적고, 위약 효과의 통제가 없으며, 증상 평가 방법에 있어 어려움 등 한계가 있으나, 이러한 변화는 특히 비정형 우울증상이 있는 환자에서 두드러졌으며, 신체증상보다는 심리증상에 보다 효과적인 결과를 보였다. 결 론 : 광치료는 월경전불쾌기분 장애 환자의 약물학적 치료에 대안적 방법으로 볼 수 있겠다. 향후 보다 많은 수의 환자를 대상으로, 위약대조 교차연구(아침, 저녁 광치료)가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.188-192
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• 1994

The author reports a 32 years old female patient with late luteal phase dysphoric disorder who received evening bright light treatment for 7 consecutive days during the late luteal phase of menstrual cycle. After the treatment, beneficial clinical effects were observed. This result suggests that bright light can be an alternative treatment for LLPDD. However, the placebo effects should be ruled out completely. Further controlled studies with more patients will be needed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.76-82
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• 2013

Objective: To compare the blood glucose levels, insulin concentrations, and insulin resistance during the two phases of the menstrual cycle between healthy women and patients with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Methods: From January of 2011 to the August of 2012, a descriptive cross-sectional study was performed among students in the School of Medicine of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. We included 30 students with the most severe symptoms of PMS and 30 age frequency-matched healthy controls. We analyzed the serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance by using the glucose oxidase method, radioimmunometric assay, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance equation, respectively. Results: No significant differences between the demographic data of the control and PMS groups were observed. The mean concentrations of glucose of the two study groups were significantly different during the follicular and luteal phases (p=0.011 vs. p<0.0001, respectively). The amounts of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance of the two study groups were significantly different in the luteal phase (p=0.0005). Conclusion: The level of blood glucose and insulin resistance was lower during the two phases of the menstrual cycle of the PMS group than that of the controls.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2005

Many young women suffer from premenstrual syndrome (PMS). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of isoflavone on serum sex hormone and PMS during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. We investigated the incidence of PMS in 116 Korean female college students. The incidence of PMS was $19.8\%$. Among them, 9 PMS and 13 control were given 90 mg isoflavone per day during 2 menstrual cycles. The changes in anthropometric measurements, dietary intakes, serum parameters including sex hormones, and PMS symptoms were observed. Isoflavone supplementation did not affect anthropometric measurements. However, SBP and DBP were significantly decreased in control. Dietary intakes were not changed after supplementation of isoflavones. Serum SHBG was lower in PMS group than in control and significantly decreased in control with isoflavone supplementation. PMS symptoms such as backache, sweet, salty, and fatty food craving, coffee/tea drinking, and anxiety were significantly lessened. Based on these results, isoflavone supplementation may benefit young women by reducing some of PMS. Further studies of soy isoflavones effect on sex hormone and PMS may help to prepare for PMS management.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.421-429
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 생리주기별로 인체계측변인의 둘레를 반복측정하고 둘레의 변화 정도를 제시하여 월경전 증후군 증상 경감을 위한 프로그램 및 보조물 개발, 월경기 여성건강관리프로그램 개발, 월경전기 및 월경기 여성을 위한 운동프로그램 개발 등에 기초자료를 제공하고자 하는 것이다. 연구참여자는 생리불순과 (속발성)월경곤란증, 월경전 증후군을 호소하지 않는 건강한 여자대학생 10명이었다. 생리주기별로 가슴부위(2곳)와 허리부위(2곳), 엉덩이 부위를 반복측정한 결과 겨드랑부위는 황체기에 비해 월경기에, 유두부 가슴둘레와 가는 허리둘레는 난포기에 비해 월경기에 유의하게 큰 결과를 보였다. 가슴둘레와 허리둘레에 있어 난포기와 황체기 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 엉덩이둘레는 생리주기에 따른 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로 가슴둘레와 허리들레는 생리주기에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 향후 체중, 체지방율, 혈중 및 국소호르몬 농도 변화 등을 중심으로 한 지속적인 연구수행이 제언된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.405-414
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• 2016

Objectives: The associations between the eating behavior and energy and macronutrient intake from meals and snacks consumed during different times of the day across the menstrual cycle were investigated in 74 healthy female college students. Methods: A 9-day food record was collected during the last 3 days before menstrual onset (phase 1) and the first 3 days after menstrual onset (phase 2) and from the 4th to the 6th day after menstrual onset (phase 3), respectively. Anthropometry was assessed and eating behaviors were measured using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). Results: External eating was the most prevalent type of eating behavior, followed by restrained eating and emotional eating. Restrained eating was positively associated with energy, carbohydrate and lipid intake at the breakfast and midmorning snack during phase 3. However, emotional eating was also positively related to energy and macronutrient intake at the dinner and after-dinner snack during phase 1 and phase 3, with higher level detected in the phase 1. The association of emotional eating with the snack consumption was highest in phase 1. External eating was positively associated with energy and macronutrient intakes at the dinner and after-dinner snack across the three phases, the highest level being phase 1. In addition, restrained eating was positively associated with the weight, body mass index(BMI), fat mass, waist and hip girth of the subjects. Conclusions: Eating behaviors varied with regard to meals and snacks consumed during different times of the day across the three menstrual phases. Dinner and afterdinner snack consumption in premenstrual phase could be considered as a time when women are more prone to overconsumption and uncontrolled eating.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.113-116
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• 2008

Baekgroud and Objectives: The study was purposed to evaluate the relationship between the voice change and the menstrual cycle by measuring the variation of subjective and objective parameters. Materials and Methods: Prospective study of 13 healthy women during 2 mentrual cycles. Their voices were recorded at follicular phase and then luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. We used both single vowel /a/ and sentences for evaluate acoustic parameters. Aerodynamic parameters were also evaluated. Voice handicap index (VHI), and the presence of premenstrual syndromes (PMS) were checked at each period. We used Wilcoxon's signed rank test to compare the parameters of two periods. Results: VHI were 5.1 at both periods (p=0.146) and 92.3% of women were diagnosable with PMS. There were no significant differences in acoustic parameters and aerodynamic parameters between the two periods. Conclusion: This study shows that not only the subjective but also the objective changes of the voice parameters did not exist during the menstrual cycle in women.