• Title/Summary/Keyword: Prejudice against Women

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The Effect of Female Employment and Prejudice against Women on Justification of Family Violence: A Multi-Level Analysis (여성취업률과 여성에 대한 편견이 가정폭력 정당화에 미치는 영향: 개인과 국가 수준의 위계선형 분석)

  • Jang, Cho-Rok;Hong, Myeong-Gi;Hwang, Eui-Gab
    • Korean Security Journal
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    • no.52
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    • pp.11-40
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    • 2017
  • This study analyzed individual-level and country-level factors affecting justification of domestic violence amid emerging social significance of family violence. For individual-level variables, prejudice against women in economic and social roles were used from the World Value Survey data. As for country-level variables, total of 36 countries were analyzed with indices that represents gender equality such as women's employment rate and democracy index. Women's employment rate was gathered from the Labour Market Database of the World Bank and democracy index was from the Economist Intelligence Unit. Results showed that both individual-level, prejudice against women in economic and social roles and country-level variables such as women's employment rate and democracy index had significant effects on justification of domestic violence. This result implies the importance of creating positive social culture which promotes positive attitudes towards perceptions of gender role and gender equality. As well, country-level endeavors to raise gender equality in employment deem important. Based on these findings, policy implications and recommendations for future research were discussed.

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Social Worker's Physical・Social Distance for People Living with HIV/AIDS (사회복지 업무 종사자의 HIV/AIDS 감염인에 대한 신체적・사회적 거리감)

  • Rhee, Young Sun;Lee, In Jeong
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.177-188
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    • 2013
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feeling of distance of social work practitioners for people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA) and to identify related factors. Methods: A total of 409 data were collected as convenience sampling from social welfare service providers. Independent variables were socio-demographic data, AIDS related knowledge, authoritarian personality, prejudice for minority(handicapped, women, foreigner, old aged), cultural competency. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression analysis were conducted. Results: Multiple regression model was developed by integrating the significant variables from univariate analysis. Significant factors of physical distance were social prejudice against handicapped, knowledge about AIDS and critical awareness/knowledge about other culture. And significant factors of social distance were social prejudice against handicapped, knowledge about AIDS, authoritarian personality, critical awareness/knowledge about other culture. At last, we found that social prejudice against handicapped was the biggest factor for physical distance and authoritarian personality was the biggest factor for social distance of social work practitioners. Conclusions: The area of social services for PLWHA have to be expanded. Physical and social distance of professionals to provide services to PLWHA and factors affecting it is necessary to continue research. In addition, on the basis of these findings, specific training programs is need to be developed.

Life Experiences of Korean Men with HIV/AIDS (HIV 감염자의 삶에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Young-Sook;Oh, Yoon-Hee
    • Women's Health Nursing
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.110-119
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    • 2005
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to illuminate the life experiences of 10 Korean men with HIV. Method: This is qualitative research using a grounded theory methodology. Result: A core category - enduring under the yoke of HIV and 5 subcategories emerged: Accepting the fact of HIV infection unwillingly with shock, Conflict between the secret concealment and disclosure, Resisting social prejudice and discrimination, Change of the daily life and management of health, Remembering their past lives without HIV and reconstructing their own lives with HIV. Conclusion: The findings contributed to understanding the HIV/AIDS illness experiences among men with hetero & homo sexuality, and revealing the prejudice against HIV in Korean society. The results have very important implications for health care professionals working with HIV-positive men.

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Gender and healthcare issues related to the Protected Birth Act in Korea (보호출산제 시행과 젠더 및 보건의료 이슈)

  • Jiah Jeong
    • Women's Health Nursing
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.101-106
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    • 2024
  • This paper discusses the implications of the birth notification system and the Protected Birth Act in Korea. Aiming to prevent infanticide and abandonment of infants, the law will enter into force on July 19, 2024 in South Korea. The birth notification system mandates that both parents and the head of the medical institution where the birth occurred must report the event. In parallel, the Protected Birth Act will be implemented, allowing pregnant women in crisis who wish to remain anonymous, the option to give birth outside of a hospital setting in a way that safeguards the life and health of the child. However, many issues are being raised in Korean society in advance of the implementation of the Protected Birth Act. There is widespread concern that the Protected Birth Act fails to protect either women or children, especially as it raises issues regarding the need for legislation to protect children with disabilities and to address gaps for migrant women and children. This paper examines the gender and healthcare issues relating to the Protected Birth Act, focusing on women's health and human rights. The Act continues to perpetuate discrimination against out-of-wedlock pregnancies and upholds the ideology of the traditional family model. Furthermore, the legislative process did not address protective measures for the various reasons behind child abandonment. Critical issues such as women's autonomy, safe pregnancy termination, and paternal responsibility in childbirth are also notably absent. However, with the Act set to take effect soon, it is crucial for healthcare providers to comprehend the rationale and procedures associated with birth notification and the Protected Birth Act, and to prepare for its nationwide implementation. The law defines the socially vulnerable as its main beneficiaries, and it is necessary to strengthen social safety nets to improve their access to healthcare, eliminate prejudice and discrimination against out-of-wedlock pregnancies, and embrace the diversity of our society. We eagerly anticipate future discussions on gender and healthcare issues, as well as amendments to the law that reflect real-world circumstances to provide genuine protection for pregnant women in crisis and their infants.

Deviant Sensibility and Normality in Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice (『지성과 감성』과 『오만과 편견』에서 일탈적 감수성과 정상)

  • Son, Younghee
    • Journal of English Language & Literature
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    • v.57 no.5
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    • pp.839-870
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    • 2011
  • This study compares and contrasts Jane Austen's novels of sensibility with those of Rousseau and Goethe. In Julie, or The New Heloise and The Sorrows of Young Werther, the passionate but doomed love of the heroine and her lover is juxtaposed with her passionless marriage to the virtuous husband. In Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice, Austen revises Rousseau and Goethe's novels of sensibility to accommodate them to the puritanical English literary conventions. She parodies the basic plot of Menage a trois found in their novels of sensibility and transforms her novels into British Bildungsroman, focusing on the heroines' maturation. In Sense and Sensibility, Marianne stands up against the mercenary and snobbish high society. However, Austen represses Marianne's sensibility since the indulgence in sensibility can bring about sexual fall, as is evidenced by the cases of the two Elizas. Marianne's dangerous fever following Willoughby's betrayal emphasizes that female sexual desire should be punished for her continued existence in the high society. The taming of her sensibility and body through the fever is posited as a prerequisite for the happy marriage. In Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth favors the deprived Wickham over the wealthy Darcy. As Wickham turns out to be a debauched lover, Darcy snatches sexual charms from him and is transfigured into one of the most virtuous and attractive husbands in Menage a trois of the novels of sensibility. Acknowledging sexuality as a vital element of a courtship, Austen embeds sexual desire in dances and glances. However, Elizabeth has to repress sensibility and desire and the complete gratification of desire is continuously deferred to some indefinite period in the future. Marriage is a synecdoche for the union of the bourgeois and the aristocracy in Austen's Bildungsroman and Marianne and Elizabeth are bestowed with happy marriage in return for repressing their sensibility and desire. Since their 'normality' and 'maturation' have been achieved at the expense of subversive sexual power of deviant sensibility, they look too impotent to gratify their desire when they finally secure comfortable but mediocre upper class life.

The Study of Disability Awareness among elementary and high school students for convergence education design (융합적 장애인식 교육 설계를 위한 초·중·고등학생의 장애 인식에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Sung-Jin
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.13 no.11
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    • pp.539-547
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    • 2015
  • This paper is the study on deducing the education design for convergence of disability awareness of targeting elementary, middle, high school students located in J city. The analysis results are as follows: In the analysis of group difference in disability awareness, there was a statistically significant difference according to female students, schools, and sub-typed phase, and experience in integrated education. It was found that the participating group in disability awareness education showed a higher average than non-participating groups in prejudice against disability, interest and consideration, and acceptance of physically challenged friends. In the relationship between disability perception education and disability awareness, the education was found to have influence on prejudice against disability and acceptance of physically challenged friends. This paper suggested disability awareness education reflecting a life cycle, application of the integrated educational method for verifying educational effectiveness, etc.

The Relation of Fashion and Social Position of Women in Victorian era ; English Women′s Costume (빅토리아 시대 여성의상에 나타난 사회상에 대한 연구(영국 여성의상을 중심으로))

  • 이의정
    • Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.75-87
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    • 2002
  • The nineteenth century was a watershed - the extreme point of difference in the style of fashion dress and in the roles men and women played in society. This conviction has its roots in the socioeconomic changes of the 19th century and the industrial revolution, and the new working bourgeoisie' value, fashion and taste were on the rise. The bourgeois, who was not considered as having infallible taste, was looking for its own style, while on the other hand it was competing with the nobility. Therefore bourgeois' own etiquette and taste were appeared. There was ideals which the middle classes were hungry for, and it became the basis of judging an individual. The bourgeois tried to get social approval and used fashion was the mean of it. Bourgeois women fashion has a funtion as a complete symbol of the status, wealth and leisure in a patriachal society. Not only the Bourgeois tried to control themselves and to achieve the virtue of moderation, chastity and obedience by the restrictive costume, but also extravagant and cumbersome dresses has a kind of compensative funtion against a sober and simple men's dress. There was a reformative movement to break out of the legal, economic and social restrictions within the confines of respectable Victorian Society. The process of reform was long and slow for not only did laws be changed but the barriers of prejudice in a society convinced of man s mental and physical superiority had to be overcome. But even though there were many difficulties, a small number of progressive women challenged the social recognition and role of women and decisively refused the restrictive and ostentative fashion. Victorian costume was also criticized in the medical and aesthetic aspect for their impracticality. As a result, more funtional and practical women's clothes has appeared, but it have resulted in a peculiar hybrid of traditional female attire in combination with the more uncomfortable aspects of men's clothes. However it was becoming an essential look for new women who were the equals of men and wanted to be treated as such.

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A Phenomenological Study on Smoking Experience in Female Adolescents (청소년 여학생의 흡연 경험)

  • Kim, Young-Hae;Kim, Kyung-Won;Kang, Mi-Ok;Kim, Nam-Hee
    • Child Health Nursing Research
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.10-19
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: This study was done to identify the significance of smoking experiences in high school girls, and to define essential structures of the experience. Methods: A phenomenological approach was used for this study. Data were collected using in-depth interviews. Study participants were 8 high school girls who had experience with smoking. The method proposed by Giorgi (1985) was used to guide the process of data analysis. Results: Themes which emerged from the data were: 'Beginning to smoke affected by surroundings', 'Self intention to begin smoking', 'Stimulated smoking drive (appetite)', 'Giving emotional comfort', 'Mood of overlooking teenagers' smoking', 'Smoking dead zone', 'Knowing that smoking is not suitable', 'Habitual smoking', 'Prejudice against women smoking', and 'Admitting that women smoke'. Conclusion: The findings provide an understanding of the smoking experience by high school girls and indicate that in order to develop the most effective nursing interventions to help female adolescents stop smoking, consideration needs to be given to the developmental stage of high school students.

Recognition of the Threat of Employment, Individual Abilities and Gender Discrimination against Female Workers and the Effect on Job Performance in Korean Shipping Industry (해운산업 여성인력의 고용저해요인, 개인능력 및 성차별 인식 분석과 성차별이 직무성과에 미치는 영향)

  • Shin Yong-John
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.29 no.10 s.106
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    • pp.915-920
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    • 2005
  • This paper is aimed to survey threats of employment in Korean shipping industry, review the importance and speciality of women power, and diagnose its sexual discrimination and the actual condition of that. Therefore, this survey research will provide substantial data concerning issues in the employment and the significance of women power in the shipping firms, and give solutions for problems in managing women resource in the shipping companies. In conclusion, this study is able to identify the fact that threats of female employment are social costumes and prejudice, the speciality of work in shipping firms, and the shortage of occupations for women. This result of survey shows that the exclusive recognition about female employment in unique shipping industry should be revised as soon as possible.

A Symbolic Sense of Transvestism in the Renaissance Novels (르네상스 소설에서의 복장전도가 갖는 상징적 의미)

  • Lim, Juin
    • Cross-Cultural Studies
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    • v.19
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    • pp.149-179
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    • 2010
  • This article is concerned about the symbolic meaning of the transvestism Renaissance perspective through analysis of Triumph Over Persecution work and The Merchant of Venice, and Jealous Ioan Tornese. The transvestism is frequently present in the comedies of the golden age. A woman author Maria de Zayas has a special interest in female identity with critical and defying view. Also the subject of the transvestism in Spanish literature originated in Italian tradition. In Italian literature, there were two types of disguised women, who urge for love and warrior-heroine(amazon). Both types are also listed in Spanish literature. The dress-crossing heroine of Triumph Over Persecution displays a type of heroine, who corrects a male prejudice and reset a harmonious order. Shakespeare is also one of the Renaissance writers under the influence of the Italian Renaissance novel. Heroine of Merchant of Venice symbolizes a triumphant challenge against the blocks of the patriarchal system. In spite of the social system blocks, cross-dressing women may receive in the patriarchal scenes without problems. Based on the notion of paradox and irony, the Italian novel reflects popular psychology of the time when the link between the internal identity and social outside puts into question. The cross-dressing Torneses' wife, symbolizes the mockery or renaissance deception. Their deception emphasis on an ironic way in the point view of inhuman man who consider women material belongs to the man without any free-will. The costume of the characters make it possible to change their original identity into the other. From this point of view, we can say that the transvestism in these works could be interpreted in two ways: first, the destruction of the traditional categories of women's identity and second, the burlesque contempt on the patriarchal renaissance society.