• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.28-36
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• 1979

One of most important problems in the Monsoon Asia today is the production of rice paddy to meet the needs of the ever increasing population. Diversemeans are being employed to meet this demand, both by increasing productivity of existing farm land and by bringing further areas into cultivation. The primary step in either field is to ensure that there is sufficient moisture in the soil to suit the paddy, and at the same this means that excess moisture has to be drained off the land, while in others irrigat ion has to be employed to bring sufficient water to an area. In view of the fact that the project comprises a huge amount of earthwork, it can be carried out by extensive use of construction machinery in order to shorten the period. As farm ditch has a comparatively small section with shallow cutting depth, inaddition, there is lack of access road in the field, the excavation equipment with bulldozer or tracter-shovel (backhoe) type are not applicable because there are mostly adapted for the excavation of deep and wide section. Mini-backhoe with its bucket width not larger than 0. 3m, and width of blade not larger than 1. 00m seems to be more adaptable. About 80% of excavation of ditch section will be done by the machinery while the other 20% of excavation together with the finishing of the section are supposed to be done by man-power. The embankment of ditch section can be compacted by the crawler of backhoe when it is moving along the ditch for excavation. However, Lowland paddy field in the Monsoon Asia are made particulary in rain season, therefore, heavy machinery is not easy excavation for ditch. It is very important to know exact ground support power of the working site and select machines with corresponding ground pressure. Ground support power is variable subject to quality and water content of soil and therefore selection of machines should be made duly considering ground condition of the site at the time of construction works. Farm ditches dug and compacted by mannual labar are of poor quality and subject to destruction after one or two years of operation. On the other hand, excavation and compaction by bulldozer is not practical for ditches. Backboe is suitable for slope land, but this is required cycle time of bucket excavation and dumped out. If a small-scale farm ditch trencher adaptable to lowland paddy field is invented, such a machine could greatly accelerate the massive construction work envisaged in many countries and thus significantly speed up the most difficult part of irrigation development and management in Monsoon Asia.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.1031-1040
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• 2010

Hash join is one of the core algorithms in databases management systems. If a hash join cannot complete in one-pass because the available memory is insufficient (i.e., hash table overflow), however, it may incur a few sequential writes and excessive random reads. With harddisk as the tempoary storage for hash joins, the I/O time would be dominated by slow random reads in its probing phase. Meanwhile, flash memory based SSDs (flash SSDs) are becoming popular, and we will witness in the foreseeable future that flash SSDs replace harddisks in enterprise databases. In contrast to harddisk, flash SSD without any mechanical component has fast latency in random reads, and thus it can boost hash join performance. In this paper, we investigate several important and practical issues when flash SSD is used as tempoary storage for hash join. First, we reveal the va patterns of hash join in detail and explain why flash SSD can outperform harddisk by more than an order of magnitude. Second, we present and analyze the impact of cluster size (i.e., va unit in hash join) on performance. Finally, we emperically demonstrate that, while a commerical query optimizer is error-prone in predicting the execution time with harddisk as temporary storage, it can precisely estimate the execution time with flash SSD. In summary, we show that, when used as temporary storage for hash join, flash SSD will provide more reliable cost estimation as well as fast performance.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.617-629
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• 2012

The land use map of the Nakdong River watershed was classified by each land use contents and analyzed to rank the risk of soil loss and erosion. Also, the soil loss and erosion was evaluated in the Nakdong River watershed using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and the subbasin with high risk of soil loss was evaluated with the analysis results of land use contents. Finally, the analyzed results were also compared with the landslide risk map, hence the practical application methods using developed and analyzed results were considered in this study. As a result of land use analysis and RUSLE calculation, it was represented that the Naesung Stream watershed had the high risk for soil loss among the subbasins of the Nakdong River watershed. It was also presented that the high risk area identified by computation of RUSLE was corresponding to the landslide risk area. However, the high risk of soil erosion by land use near the river or wetland was confirmed only through the calculation results of RUSLE.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.171-180
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• 2017

In 1990s, as the extreme weather events according to the global warming climate change are occurred frequently all around the world and the scale of the damage increases, the developed countries are promoting various policies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions setting the goal of greenhouse gas reduction with the level of State and local government. Especially for the greenhouse gas reduction of buildings and the inducement of eco-friendly design, the green certification system is strengthened with the assessment of energy and greenhouse management, and recently, according to the policy change of climate and energy, the certification system expanded from the buildings to the level of city and district is piloted. So this research is to understand the main contents and the assessment system of domestic green building certification system implemented in March 2013 in response to the policy change of climate and energy and to suggest the basic data for the improvement of present domestic greenhouse certification standard through the analysis of actual certification and the main case analysis of international green certification system. Recently in developed countries, in 1990s, for the reduction of building's greenhouse gas emission and the inducement of eco-friendly design, from the building of LEED, BREEAM, DGNB to the level of city and district such as LEED Neighborhood Development, BREEAM Communities, DGNB Stadtquartiere, the system is expanded and piloted. On the contrary, as for the domestic standard of green building certification system, the distribution ratio according to the assessment items in each category consists of the assessment system based on the buildings, and just the simple adjustment of some items and the improvement of weighted value are performed. Actually, as a result of selecting the 30 districts of apartment housing with the most certification performance by use among the 49 buildings certified by Institute of Land & Housing from December 2014 to July 2016 and analyzing the assessment score, the certification level is determined by the sectors of high distribution like indoor environment and energy not by the ineffective sector of external environment with low distribution so this system has a limitation to perform the practical means for the policy change of climate and energy. Thus for the national green building certification standards, the assessment system in the sector of external environment is to complemented and furthermore, reflecting domestic reality, through the introduction of certification system and the assessment system with the level of city and district, this system should be improved to meet the international certification standard.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 2001

To increase the utilization of soil survey results, classification of morphological types of paddy soils which was consisted of land-form, texture, and drainage classes etc. was attempted as an interpretive classification system. The paddy soils could be classified into 37 types. Among the types, the "Lfi(Fine loamy textured semi-wet paddy on local valley and fans)" acreage of about 224 thousand ha, "Lfd(Fine loamy textured dry paddy on local valley and fans)" 160 thousand ha. "Lmi(Coarse loamy textured semi-wet paddy on local valley and fans)" 112 thousand ha, and "Lkd(Loamy skeletal dry paddy on local valley and fans)" 93 thousand ha, respectively were the dominant types. The possibility of double cropping, plastic film house, green manure cropping etc., and that for soil managements such as application of raw straw or compost, deep plowing or adding fine earth materials, mole drainage, susceptibility to erosion or reduction injury etc. for each types were recommended.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.245-252
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• 2010

Disposal methods of managing carcass in Korea livestock production systems include burying, digesting, rendering, carcass dumping to manure pile, dead animal disposer and mini-incinerator. Burying was usually the most practical method of carcass disposal in our livestock farms. Burying, carcass dumping to manure pile, dead animal disposer and mini-incinerator may have environmental regulatory and economic liabilities when used as a means of carcass disposal. In many cases in this survey, these disposal methods offer a poor choice for the producer due to individual site conditions, geology, cost, air emissions, rendering plants. A survey questionnaire that addressed the issues to livestock producers was prepared. The questionnaire addressed two main topics as follows: 1) types of livestock and generation amounts of carcass 2) Number of breeding animals and disposal methods of livestock mortality. A total of 36 livestock producers were interviewed. The results of obtained in this survey were summarized as follows: The number of breeding poultry, swine, beef cow and dairy cow was 251,000, 2,600, 142 and 92 heads per year and the generation amounts of annually carcass was 0.46, 15.32, 0.36, 1.36 tons per year of each poultry, swine, beef cow and dairy cow farms, respectively. The disposal methods of carcass were burying (42%), carcass dumping to manure pile (36%), rendering (8%), incineration (6%), digesting (6%), carcass disposer (2%), respectively. These results can be used as basic information to establish the standard of carcass composting facility.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.1-13
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• 2008

This study is largely aimed at presenting ways to improve the working clothes and help companies create more positive images by suggesting designs of the clothes, which take into accounts the corporate image, symbolism, function and aesthetic appreciation through introduction of companies' CIP. And, it is significant to propose working clothes development condition and process with introduction of companies' CIP(Corporate Identity Program : work that systematize and simplify visually images which companies or public bodies have) A way of this study was made up with working clothes design development process which a student planned. First of all, this study looked into Company D's Corporate Identity Program(CIP) to develop the design that corresponds with the characteristics of the company's favorite design, working environment and demands of the employees. And, then, the study conducted a survey of 30 employees and intensive interviews with heads of four teams including the Safety Team, the Working Clothes Management Team and the General Affairs Team to find out the requirements of the clothes and the characteristics of the company. Based on them, the concrete image that the company pursues and the direction of design were set up through image positioning. In the end, three different concept designs were presented through image-mapping and the concrete design of each item was developed. A total of seven items including upper and lower garments (a jacket and trousers) for the spring-summer seasons, upper and lower garments (a jumper and trousers) for the winter season, cold-protecting vest and winter clothes (a coat and trousers) were presented in accordance with the three concepts. One of the concept designs, which was selected through evaluation by employees of Company D, was produced as a sample and then the final design was chosen after a discussion attended by the head of each team and representatives of the employees. Based on the aforementioned design planning, one design was selected from each of the three concept designs for production. And each of these was requested to special production enterprise and manufactured. Following the result of study, by looking into a case of a practical joint design project between a university and a company, this study suggested ideas for business to improve working clothes through the academic-industrial cooperation and presented conditions and process of design development. And, this study also aims to examine the feasibility of academic-industrial cooperation based on the cases in which enterprises and universities staged joint projects to develop working clothes.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.94-110
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• 2000

While most of the previous information technology adoption and diffusion researches focus the critical factors not on the organizational perspective but on the individual perspective based on the various reasons such as informational characteristics. This paper will try to analysis the adoption and diffusion factors of the Internet related technologies based on the organizational perspective. Nowadays, in especially, the evolving and fast diffusing Internet related technologies and the flourishing e-commerce applications pressure retail banks that prepare the new types of online payment systems to maintain their existing and new customer relationship and compete with their potential competitors in the coming market environments. In addition, while most previous researches only focus on the adoption of new information technologies, this paper not only analysis the adoption of innovational technology but also analysis the diffusion process in an organization, which encourage practitioners and researchers to reveal more detail and practical analysis of the innovational technology adoption and diffusion process in ann organizational setting. Based on the previous researches, there are several factor-category will be selected for this research: 1) organizational factor, 2) within banking industry factor, 3) non-banking industry factor, 4) customer acceptance factor, 5) government factor, and 6) the functionality of e-commerce systems factor. Finally, in this study, we assumed that the more sophisticated e-commerce adopting banks provide the more broad range of banking services in general. Thus, we develop the extended integrated technology diffusion model to provide empirical evidences to distinguish between adopters and non-adopters and explain the diffusion levels of e-commerce using the level of services provided via Internet to the customer in retail bank industry.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.34-51
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• 1999

The effective use of IT(information technology) will increasingly become one of the key determinants for successful informationalization in govermental organization And the ability of the public officials in using IT or operating information system is essential to the effective use of IT. This study focuses on constructing a theoretical base of developing the education and training system for enhancing the IT ability of the public officials. In order to achieve this research goal, first this study suggests four categories of IT education and training for (1) the basic capability of IT use (2) the skills of operating information system (3) the management competence of performing strategic use of IT, (4) the expert skills for specific IT, and then derives concrete items for each category. With respect to these items, we empirically investigate the degree of necessity and the effective way of education and training according to tasks, positions and ability of the public officials. The data analyses are based on questionnaires responded by 300 public officials who attend the education and training programs held by the Training Institute of Ministry of Information and Communication. The results of this study can provide the theoretical basis for constructing the IT education and training system which is applicable to most of Korean organizations. Also they can be used as a practical guideline in developing and promoting specific IT education and training programs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.4778-4787
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• 2011

The purpose of this study to develop IT Outsourcing service quality evaluation measurement have been frequently used to apply a model KS-SQI in the service industry. Primary needs fulfillment, unexpected benefits, reliability, individual empathy, positive assistance, accessibility and physical environment were selected as independent variable, they evaluate IT outsourcing service quality in order to verify their suitability as a tool for IT outsourcing service evaluation measurement, to analyze how that affects IT outsourcing satisfaction, and to investigate whether affecting IT outsourcing satisfaction on recontract intentions. To validate the hypothesis by path analysis conducted between variables using LISREL, primary needs fulfillment, reliability, individual empathy, positive assistance, accessibility and physical environment have significant effect on IT outsourcing satisfaction, but unexpected benefits don't have effect on IT outsourcing satisfaction, and IT outsourcing satisfaction showed significant effect on recontract intentions. Six Measurement tools has been proved to be suitable as a IT outsourcing service quality evaluation tool. Contribution of this study to evaluate the quality of IT outsourcing services, KS-SQI model developed by applying the measuring tool was achieved theoretical extensions and practical aspects of a recontract with the provider of IT outsourcing and IT outsourcing services for as a tool to assess the quality of can be used.