• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.145-173
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to verify that several theories explaining the determinants of welfare expenditure is applied to the family policy expenditure and to find out if there' re unique determinants of the family policy expenditure. We analyzed the data (OECD 14 countries for 1980~2005) by pooled time series analysis. As for industrialization theory, female labor force participation rate has positive effect on family policy expenditure while population under 15-year children has negative effect, which refers to the demand of family policies is that of female workers, not children's. Power resource theory is applied to the determinants of family policy expenditure as those of welfare expenditure. Women's political & economic empowerment has partly positive effects on family policy expenditure, which is the evidence of the effectiveness of feminist theory. In the institutional theory, we verified the effect of policy legacy but couldn't find out the crowding-out effect. The theoretical implication of this study is the empirical verification of the theories explaining the determinants of welfare expenditure being applied to the family policy expenditure. We also suggested the political and institutional foundation to effectively respond to the new social risks in spite of budget constraints, which can be a policy implication.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.103-129
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• 2023

This study aims to analyze the network structure of technological innovation resources in SMEs, especially manufacturing firms, and reveal the differences between innovative and non-innovative firms. The study first analyzes connection centrality, flow-mediated centrality, and power centrality for all firms, and derives structural equivalence through CONCOR analysis. Then, the network structure of innovative and non-innovative firms was compared and analyzed according to innovation performance and creation. The results show that entrepreneurship and corporate innovation strategy have a significant impact on the analysis of technological innovation resources of all firms. According to the CONCOR analysis, the innovation resources of SMEs are organized into seven clusters, which can be defined as intrinsic product innovation resources, competitive advantage promotion resources, cooperative activities resources, information system resources, and innovation protection resources. The network analysis of innovative and non-innovative firms showed that innovative firms focused on enhancing competitiveness and improving quality, while non-innovative firms tended to focus more on existing products and customers. In addition, innovative firms had eight clusters, while non-innovative firms had six clusters, suggesting that innovative firms utilize resources diversely to pursue structural change and new value creation, while non-innovative firms operate technological innovation resources in a more stable form. This study emphasizes the importance of entrepreneurship and corporate innovation strategy in SMEs' technological innovation, and suggests that strong internal efforts are needed to increase innovativeness. These findings have important implications for strategy formulation and policy development for technological innovation in SMEs.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.37-50
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study is to verify the impact of dental hygienists' working environment on organizational commitment and the mediating effect of psychological empowerment in the relationship between working environment and organizational commitment. Methods: A survey was conducted on 264 people working as dental hygienists between August 16 and August 23, 2023. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Results: In the dental hygienist work environment, all three subfactors (safety management system, manager's competency, and support system) had a significant positive(+) correlation between psychological empowerment and organizational commitment. Dental hygienists' work environment was found to have an effect on organizational commitment, and psychological empowerment was found to have a partial mediating effect in the relationship between work environment and organizational commitment. Conclusion: As a way to improve dental hygienists' organizational commitment, it is necessary to develop a strategic human resource management program to create a safe and positive work environment and to form an organizational culture in which managers can recognize the power of members and grant empowerment.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.121-132
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• 2024

This study attempted to determine the effects of job stress, nursing problem-solving ability, nursing work performance, and job stress and nursing problem-solving ability on nursing work performance according to the MBTI type of nurses. The study subjects were 141 nurses working at a medical institution in G Province, and data collection was conducted from March 01 to March 31, 2024. The collected data were analyzed using correlation and multiple regression analysis. Among the psychological function types of MBTI, the SF type (sympathetic and friendly type) was the most common, and among the psychological temperament types, the SP type (sensuous and open type) was the most common. Nursing work performance had a negative correlation with job resource stress, a positive correlation with nursing problem-solving ability, and a positive correlation with problem recognition, information collection, planning ability, and evaluation. The variable that had a significant impact on nursing work performance was job resources, and problem recognition, a subfactor of nursing problem-solving ability, was found to be the best predictor of nursing work performance, followed by planning ability. The explanatory power was 17.8%. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data to develop efficient nursing management guidelines by not only improving understanding of the personality of nurses but also investigating factors related to nurses' work performance. Through the development of programs and measures to improve nursing performance, it is necessary to revitalize programs, provide educational opportunities, and provide institutional support from hospital organizations to enable high-quality nursing care through skilled nursing work.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.458-464
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• 2024

This study proposes a fault-tolerant caching system to address the issue of caching content imbalance caused by the dynamic departure and participation of cache servers in a heterogeneous cache server network, and validates it in both real and virtual environments. With the increase of large-scale media content requiring various types and resolutions, the necessity of cache servers as key components to reduce response time to user requests and alleviate network load has been growing. In particular, research on heterogeneous cache server networks utilizing edge computing and low-power devices has been actively conducted recently. However, in such environments, the irregular departure and participation of cache servers can occur frequently, leading to content imbalance among the cache servers deployed in the network, which can degrade the performance of the cache server network. The fault-tolerant caching algorithm proposed in this study ensures stable service quality by maintaining balance among media contents even when cache servers depart. Experimental results confirmed that the proposed algorithm effectively maintains content distribution despite the departure of cache servers. Additionally, we built a network composed of seven heterogeneous cache servers to verify the practicality of the proposed caching system and demonstrated its performance and scalability through a large-scale cache server network in a virtual environment.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.204-213
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• 2024

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are a major cause of global warming and climate change, and are currently emerging as serious environmental problems worldwide. Among them, glass bottles do not decompose naturally, and a lot of resources and energy are input into the production and processing processes, so recycling of glass bottles is important in terms of resource conservation, minimizing environmental pollution, and reducing GHG. Therefore, this study created a material flow diagram of glass bottles using related statistical data such as domestic glass bottle production and processing volume. In addition, the US EPA WARM model, Germany Prognos calculation method, and Denmark Christensen's calculation method were used to estimate the greenhouse gas reduction amount of glass bottles. As a result of the study, out of about 490,000 tons of waste glass bottles discharged as municipal waste, about 300,000 tons (61.2%) were recycled, and the rest were incinerated (22.1%) and landfilled (17.3%). As of 2022, it is estimated that approximately 73,399 tons CO₂eq/yr will be reduced when applying the US EPA WARM model, approximately 52,847 tons CO₂eq/yr when applying the Prgonos calculation method, and approximately 135,201 tons CO₂eq/yr when applying the Christensen's calculation method. Further research is warranted that the methodology and GHG saving emission factors by reflecting glass recycling conditions and processes in Korea should be developed to reduce uncertainty of the results.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.171-200
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• 2024

Labour unions have traditionally been regarded as a key actor in improving income inequality. However, recent studies have revealed that the relationship between labour unions and income inequality is not straightforward but it varies depending on various institutional and political contexts. This study focuses on institutions of collective bargaining and government partisanship as major conditions affecting the income inequality reduction effect of labour unions and attempts an empirical analysis. In particular, we systematically analyzed the effects of union density on income inequality in terms of market income and disposable income, using panel data from OECD countries of the period 1990~2019 when the Cold War ended and globalization intensified. The analytical results show that the effect of unions on reducing income inequality was more pronounced in disposable income than in market income, and the effect was conditional. The union's effects varied depending on the degree of centralization of collective bargaining rather than the coordination mechanism. Contrary to previous studies, the union's impact was evidenced in centrist governments rather than left-wing governments. These findings indicates that in the era of globalization, labour unions are adopting more flexible political strategies, moving away from their traditional relationship with left-wing parties. These results suggests that unions' political and economic roles shows both continuity and change in the era of rising inequality.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.317-326
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• 2012

Objectives : This study aims to examine satisfaction of dental treatment and revisit and intention of recommendation to dental patients and to supply as a basic resource for dental management improvement. Methods : 645 dental patients to dental hospitals in G City were subjects of this study. 27 dental hospitals were randomly chosen per 5 or 6 in 5 Districts. The intention of the survey was explained to 645 patients and it was agreed to have questionnaire survey. Questionnaire survey was carried out for 2 weeks in April 2011. Total 593 were used for the analysis except for insufficient answer sheets. The analysis was executed by using SPSS 18.0 and the results are as follows. Results : 1. The highest figures are as follows: female was 53.29% in sex, 20-29 age group was 44.52%, graduates of university were 38.62%, students were 28.50%, monthly family income with 300-399 million won was 31.70%. As to the treatment, dental caries were highest with 46.21% followed by scaling with 40.81%. As to the number of visit, 39.80% were over 5 times, and as to the opportunity to use, 29.34% answered it because it is close to home. 2. As to satisfaction, male was 4.15, over 60years old was 4.58, self-employed was 4.33, friendship with dentist as opportunity to use was 4.37. And as to revisit intention, over 60 years old was 4.60, over postgraduate in education level was 4.38, self-employed was 4.43, over 5 times visit was 4.32, and fame as opportunity to use was 4.39 which were the highest. As to the intention of recommendation to others, female was 4.24, over 60 years old was 4.65, self-employed was 4.36, friendship with dentist as opportunity was 4.43 which were the highest and showed significant differences (p<0.05). 3. As to patient satisfaction, there were strong relevance between revisit intention and intention of recommendation with 0.769 and 0.744 respectively. And, as to revisit intention, it had significant relation with revisit intention with 0.791. 4. The explanatory power of the regression analysis on the factors affecting revisit intention was 61.20%. The revisit intention was high when the satisfaction of dental hospital was high (${\beta}$=0.767, p<0.001), the number of visit (${\beta}$=0.026, p<0.01), reason for a visit (${\beta}$=0.070, p<0.01), education level (${\beta}$=-0.063, p<0.05) and occupation (${\beta}$=0.078, p<0.05). 5. The explanatory power of the regression analysis on the factors affecting intention of recommendation was 59.9%. The intention was taken patients satisfaction(${\beta}$=0.601, p<0.001), dental hygienist's kindness (${\beta}$=0.218, p<0.001), female (${\beta}$=0.079, p<0.05), reason for a visit(${\beta}$=-0.059, p<0.05), dissatisfaction treat(${\beta}$=0.084, p<0.05), dentist's kindness (${\beta}$=-0.080, p<0.05), age (${\beta}$=0.054, p<0.05). Conclusions : To improve revisit rate of patients, the refurbishing hospital facility, treatment and kindness of dental hygienists and satisfaction of treatment must be improved. And it also needs to accept complaint from female patients in a positive manner, and understand and correct complaints actively from the perspective of patients.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.396-407
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• 2020

As fossil fuels are depleted worldwide, alternative resources is required to replace fossil fuels, and biofuels are in the spotlight as alternative resources. Biofuels are produced from biomass, which is a renewable resource to produce biofuels or bio-chemicals. Especially, in order to substitute fossil fuels, the research focusing the biofuel (biodiesel) production based on CO₂ and biomass achieves more attention recently. To produce biomass-based biodiesel, the development of a supply chain network is required considering the amounts of feedstocks (ex, CO₂ and water) required producing biodiesel, potential locations and capacities of bio-refineries, and transportations of biodiesel produced at biorefineries to demand cities. Although many studies of the biomass-based biodiesel supply chain network are performed, there are few types of research handled the uncertainty in CO₂ supply which influences the optimal strategies of microalgae-based biodiesel production. Because CO₂, which is used in the production of microalgae-based biodiesel as one of important resources, is captured from the off-gases emitted in power plants, the uncertainty in CO₂ supply from power plants has big impacts on the optimal configuration of the biodiesel supply chain network. Therefore, in this study, to handle those issues, we develop the two-stage stochastic model to determine the optimal strategies of the biodiesel supply chain network considering the uncertainty in CO₂ supply. The goal of the proposed model is to minimize the expected total cost of the biodiesel supply chain network considering the uncertain CO₂ supply as well as satisfy diesel demands at each city. This model conducted a case study satisfying 10% diesel demand in the Republic of Korea. The overall cost of the stochastic model (US$ 12.9/gallon·y) is slightly higher (23%) than that of the deterministic model (US$ 10.5/gallon·y). Fluctuations in CO₂ supply (stochastic model) had a significant impact on the optimal strategies of the biodiesel supply network.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.53-80
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• 2006

This research has been accomplished to build up the growth strategies of Kangwon district's small & medium-sized construction firms. For this purpose, we made an investigation of the present situation and status for existing regional small & medium construction firms by analyzing data. Based on the results from this study, the following growth strategies are suggested to gain their competitive advantages. Firstly, most of all, the role of the top manager is the most important factor since most of the top manager for the small & medium-sized construction firms coincide with the owner the firms. Secondly, the specialization strategy is to establish. Above all they concentrate their business capacities on core business. Then, this growth strategy should be based on the selective escalation of functions in order to maintain an appropriate level of construction works. Thirdly, the specialized skills and skilled workers are ensured for competitive advantages. For human resource development, they should train workers to be multi-functioned on the assumption the they could stay at firm until they wish to retire. Finally, the government must also spare no effort to encourage the small & medium-sized construction firms to build up it's competitive power and cultivate it's spontaneous generation power though the reformation of system related whit the small and medium construction industry.