• Title/Summary/Keyword: Potentiometric

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Tele-metering

  • Hearte, L.O.
    • 전기의세계
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    • v.2
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    • pp.6-14
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    • 1949
  • Telemetering may be described as the art of metering at a considerable distance those quantities which are ordinarily encountered in industry, and in the generation of electric power. It is in the production of electric power that telemetering is particularly important, for it permits the system operator, or load dispatcher, to have before him at all times a continuous graphic record of the power output of each individual generating station together with an automatically made continuous graphic record of the total system output. There desired individual graphic records may be obtained showing power flow in or out, on important tie lines, etc. Such arrangements have the very great advantage that loads may be assigned to each generating station so that the best over-all system economy may be obtained and the system operator at all times may see with his own eyes that loads scheduled are actually held at the various stations. Moreover, with such equipment, in the event of system or station trouble the load dispatcher can see exactly what station, or stations, are affected and to what extent, without having to get in touch with anyone by telephone. Decisions can, therefore, be quickly reached for rescheduling the load. One of the most accurate and reliable telemetering systems is based on the use of potentiometric circuits, the fundamentals of which are discussed below. A member of such telemetering systems have been installed for the Boston Edicon Co., Boston, Massachusetts, the Consolidated Edison Co. of New York City. The Public Service Gas & Electric Co. of Newark, new Jersey. The Philadelphia Electric Co. for Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. for their electrified zone between New York and Washington a distance of over 200 miles. The scale of the totalizing recorder for the New York area is 3,000,00 KW. That of the totalizing recorder for the Philadelphia area is 2,000,000 KW. The initial installation using this type of equipment described was placed in service for the Philadelphia Electric Co. in 1923. All of the original recording instruments are still in service, later instruments have been added to take care of additions to the power system and naturally these later recorders have incorporated in those refinements in design made since the earlier ones were manufactured. Many other installations of similar equipment have been made in the United States in various locations such as at St. Louis, on the West Coast, at Baltimore and in Washington, D.C. While the use of these basic potentiometric circuits involves the use of continuous metallic circuits of good insulation resistance and free of grounds, nevertheless, intermediate transmission links, involving and impulse method suitable for use on telephone Morse carrier channels is available. This same method may be employed on power line carrier systems and is also suitable for use on beam type microwave transmission. Many impulse type units are also used as a link in these potantiometric methods. For the sake of brevity a description is given only of these basic potentiometric circuits. If there is sufficient interest in Korea, a further paper can be given covering those impulse circuits also.

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Synthesis of Thiocatechols and Acid Dissociation Constants (Thiocatechol 및 그 유도체의 합성과 산해리 정수)

  • Oh, Joon-Suk;Lee, Kwang-Woo;Kim, Tek-Jae
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.1-3
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    • 1968
  • New chelating ligands, thiocatechol and p-chlorothiocatechol, have been synthesized and the acid dissociation constants were determined by potentiometric method in 50% dioxane-water; $pK_1 \;and\; pK_2$ were 7.28, 10.97 for thiocatechol and 6.37, 10.22 for p-chlorothiocatechol, respectively. Color reactions with various metal ions were studied. It was found that the above ligands are specific for Bi(III), Mo(VI) and W(VI) as an analytical reagent.

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Apparent pKa and Partition Coefficient of Tranylcypromine (Tranylcypromine의 겉보기 해리항수(解離恒數) 및 분배계수(分配係數))

  • Kang, Gun-Il;Chung, Soon-Young
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.293-297
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    • 1984
  • The pKa' of tranylcypromine was determined by potentiometric titration and ultraviolet spectrophotometric method and found to be 8.08 and 8.15, respectively. The Papp of tranylcypromine between n-heptane and aqueous buffer solution was measured to be 0.90 at pH 7.48 and 4.50 for Pm. The pKa' of tranylcypromine obtained by means of the partition method was 8.13.

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Study for the Determination of chloride ion in hardened concrete using Potentiometic Methods (전위차법을 이용한 경화 콘크리트 및 콘크리트재료의 염화물 측정기술 개발)

  • Lee, Kyoung-Moon;Yoon, In-Jun;Seo, In-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2006.05a
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    • pp.578-581
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    • 2006
  • This study was performed to develop acid-soluble extraction solution and water-soluble extraction solution for hardened concrete. By use of this potentiometric method one can determinate chloride ion concentration in hardened concrete without pre-treatment and it can be used on-site.

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Synthesis of Allyl Functionalized Silacrown Ethers and Their Application - A Review

  • Haque, Md Hasanul;Sohn, Honglae
    • Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.41-46
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    • 2020
  • A study is reported about the synthesis processes of various silacrown ether by the reaction of alkoxysilanes with polyethylene glycols (PEG) through transesterification. Crown ether-functionalized carbosilane dendrimers and hybrid crown ethers are also discussed. We will also address the solubility enhancement, phase-transfer catalysis of different silacrown as well as their application as Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) and as active phase of PVC electrodes for the development of potentiometric sensors for detection of alkali-Ions.

Potentiometric Measurement of Standard Potential of Mercury and Ion-pair Formation Constants of Mercuric Halides in Anhydrous Ethylenediamine (에틸렌디아민 非水溶液中에서의 水銀電極의 標準電位 및 水銀鹽化鹽의 Ion-Pair 恒數測定)

  • Kim, Joon-Yong
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.13-18
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    • 1970
  • 非水溶液 Ethylenediamine 中에서 水銀電極의 標準電位 및 水銀鹽化物, $HgCl_2,\;HgBr_2,\;HgI_2$의 Ion-Pair 形成恒數를, Hg電極/$HgX_2$ 또는 $HgX_2$+NaX//亞鉛아마르감 參照電極과 같은 Cell의 構成으로서 電位差法에 依하여 測定하였다.

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Development of Voltammetric Urea Sensors Based Poly(3-methylthiophene) film (Poly(3-methylthiophene)막 위에 urease를 고착시킨 Voltammetric Urea Sensor의 개발)

  • 박성호;진준형;홍석인;민남기
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2000.11a
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    • pp.314-316
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    • 2000
  • Urea is detected as an indicator of renal disease in the human body. For these reasons, many biosensors for urea have been developed based on the enzymatic reaction of urea hydrolysis catalyzed by urease. Potentiometric method is applied reversible reaction system. But urea hydrolysis reaction may not has a reversible reaction mechanism in electrode surface. Therefore we applied to voltammtricmethod to obtain a sensitivity curve. The sensitivity of sensors was 34 ${\mu}$A/decade.

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Solid Electrochemical Method of Measuring Hydrogen Concentration with O2-/H+ Hetero-Ionic Junction

  • Chongook Park
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.2
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    • pp.63-69
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    • 2024
  • A novel method for measuring hydrogen concentration is introduced, along with its working principle and a novel detection algorithm. This configuration requires no additional reference compartment for potentiometric electrochemical measurements; therefore, it is the most suitable for measuring dissolved hydrogen in the liquid phase. The sensor's electromotive force saturates at a certain point, depending on the hydrogen concentration during the heating process of the sensor operation. This dynamic temperature scanning method provides higher sensitivity than the constant temperature measurement method.

Sub-Micro Molar Monitoring of La3+ by a Novel Lanthanum PVC-Based Membrane Sensor Based on 3-Hydroxy-N'-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)-2-naphthohydrazide

  • Ganjali, Mohammad Reza;Norouzi, Parviz;Yousefian, Nasrin;Faridbod, Farnoush;Adib, Mehdi
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.27 no.10
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    • pp.1581-1586
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    • 2006
  • A La (III) ion-selective membrane sensor has been fabricated from poly vinyl chloride (PVC) matrix membrane, containing 3-hydroxy-N'-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)-2-naphthohydrazide (HPMN) as a neutral carrier, potassium tetrakis (p-chlorophenyl) borate (KTpClPB) as an anionic excluder and ortho-nitrophenyloctyl ether (NPOE) as a plasticizing solvent mediator. The effects of membrane composition and pH as well as the influence of the anionic additive on the response properties were investigated. The sensor with 30% PVC, 62% solvent mediator, 6% ionophore and 2% anionic additive, shows the best potentiometric response characteristics. It displays a Nernstian behavior (19.2 mV per decade) across the range of $1.0{\times}10^{-2}-1.0{\times}10^{-7}$ M. The detection limit of the electrode is $7.0{\times}10^{-8}$ M ($\sim$10 ng/mL) and the response time is 15 s from $1.0{\times}10^{-2}$ up to $1.0{\times}10^{-4} $M and 30 s in the range of $1.0 {\times}10^{-5}-1.0{\times}10^{-7}$ M. The sensor can be used in the pH values of 3.0-9.0 for about seven weeks. The membrane sensor was used as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of lanthanum ions with EDTA. It was successfully applied to the lanthanum determination in some mouth wash preparations.