• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.880-886
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• 2014

제주 연안에서 분리한 해양유래미생물 14종을 이용하여 어류질병세균 4종에 대해 항균활성을 탐색하였다. 그 결과, MK-11이 그람양성균인 Streptococcus iniae, Streptococcus parauberis에 대하여 항균활성을 나타내었다. 특히 S. iniae에 대해 뛰어난 활성을 보였으며 최소 억제 농도는 $250{\mu}g/ml$로 나타났다. 최적 생장 조건은 $25^{\circ}C$, pH 6.0, 1% NaCl로 나타났으며, 최적 배지 조건은 탄소원 sorbitol, 질소원 yeast extract, 무기염 dipotassium phosphate ($K_2HPO_4$)으로 나타났다. API 50CHB kit 결과, D-sorbitol 과 D-mannitol을 추가적으로 분해하여 산을 생성하였다. 16S rDNA 염기서열 분석결과, MK-11은 Paenibacillus polymyxa, P. jamilae, P. rasilensis 와 각각 99.78%, 99.43%, 99.39%의 유사도를 나타내었다. 이처럼 다양한 특성을 지닌 Paenibacillus sp. MK-11은 그람양성균에 대한 새로운 항생물질로서의 이용가능성을 보였으며, 추가 연구를 통해 in vivo에 적용 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.575-586
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• 2006

This study was performed to compare nutrient intakes, diet quality and serum indices (TG, Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, RBC, Hb, Hct, Serum iron, ferritin, MCV) of obese and normal weight children. The subjects were 149 children living in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. Each subject was assigned to one of such as normal weight group ($15th{\le}BMI$ percentile < 85th, n = 82) or obese children ($85th{\le}BMI$ percentile, n = 67) according to their percentile of BMI by The Korean Pediatric Society. Data on dietary intakes, body composition and serum indices were obtained. Differences of all the above variables were assessed. Energy, carbohydrate, fat, cholesterol, total fatty acid, SFA, MUFA, PUFA, phosphate, potassium, zinc, vitamin $B_1$ and vitamin $B_6$ intakes of girls in the obese group were higher than those of the normal weight group (p<0.05). The intake of fiber was as insufficient as below 50% of KDRIs in both groups. Nutrient adequacy ratio of calcium, iron, phosphate, zinc and folate in obese boys were lower than those of normal weight boys (p<0.05). Energy intakes of grain and milk and dairy food in the obese girl group ($905.9{\pm}344.5kcal,\;210.9{\pm}166.4kcal$) were higher than those of normal weight girls ($671.2{\pm}360.7kcal,\;184.0{\pm}103.5kcal$) (p<0.05). HDL-cholesterol level of obese boys ($52.7{\pm}6.3mg/dL$) was significantly lower than that of normal weight boys ($65.3{\pm}15.6mg/dL$). Serum iron level of obese boys and girls (boys: $79.4{\pm}32.6mg/dL$, girls: $98.3{\pm}16.2mg/dL$) was significantly lower than those of normal weight children (boys: $104.8{\pm}38.6mg/dL$, girls: $106.7{\pm}28.9mg/dL$) (p<0.05). These results suggest that there should be sensible food selection and more intakes of fruit and vegetable are needed to improve the nutritional status in obese children.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 1982

The effect of parathyroid hormone on calcium and phosphate metabolism have been widely investigated, however less attention has been paid to the effect on urinary excretion. This study was performed for the purpose determining urinary excretion of Na, K, Ca, and $Po_4$, of 18 thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) rabbits, which were TPTX previously 7 to 10 days compared with the same normal ones. After TPTX 0.2 mg/day of synthyroid was donated to the rabbits. The concentration of electrolytes in the serum and urine was determined by the following method; Na and K were determined by means of flame photometry, Ca was by EDTA titration $method^{19)}$, and $Po_4$ by Fiske and Subba-Raw $method^{20)}$. The results as follows. The concentrations of electrolytes in the serum were 1) In the normal control rabbits (N = 25) (data, $Mean{\pm}S.E.$) $Na\;131.72{\pm}1.33\;mEq/L$, $K\;3.59{\pm}0.28\;mEq/L$, $Ca\;12.58{\pm}0.29\;mg%$, $Po_4\;4.50{\pm}\;0.45mg%$. 2) In the TPTX rabbits(N= 18) $Na\;140.6l{\pm}2.56\;mEq/L$, $K\;3.38{\pm}0.36\;mEq/L$, $Ca\;l2.18{\pm}0.45\;mg%$, $Po_4\;3.92{\pm}\;0.35\;mg%$. There was no significant change between the normal and TPTX rabbits. The concentration of elelctrolytes in the urine were variously changed. 3) In the normal rabbits. $Na\;8.40{\pm}1.09\;mEq/L$, $K\;81.59{\pm}10.19\;mEq/L$, $Ca\;16.02{\pm}3.12\;mg%$, $Po_4\;13.16{\pm}2.89mg%$. 4) In the TPTX rabbits, $Na\;14.57{\pm}3.39\;mEq/L$ slight ncreased, $K\;116.06{\pm}12.77\;mEq/L$ significant increased (P<0.05), $Ca\;18.90{\pm}5.44\;mg%$ no significant increased, $Po_4\;43.38{\pm}8.67\;mg%$ significant increased (p<0.01). The effect of TPTX was assumed that it affected upon increasing tubular secretion of $K^+$ and inhibition of the tubular reabsorption of $Po_4$.

• 분석과학
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2007

식품중 설폰아마이드계 동물용의약품 11종을 분석하기 위하여 고속액체크로마토그라피를 이용하여 동시분석을 시도하였다. 대상물질은 설파클로로피리다진(SCP), 설파디아진(SDZ), 설파디메톡신(SDM), 설피속사졸(SSX), 설파메라진(SMZ), 설파메타진(SMT), 설파메톡사졸(SMX), 설파메톡시피리다진(SMP), 설파모노메톡신(SMM), 설파퀴녹살린(SQX) 및 설파치아졸(STZ)이었다. 대상식품은 축산식품인 소고기, 돼지고기, 닭고기, 우유 및 계란 5품목이었으며, 전국 6대도시인 서울, 부산, 대전, 인천, 목포, 강릉에서 수집하였다. 시료에 인산나트륨 및 아세토니트릴을 가하여 균질화한 후 핵산을 가하여 추출하고 고속액체크로마토그라피로 분석하였다. 이동상으로는 5 mM 제1인산칼륨용액(pH 3.25)과 메탄올의 혼합용액을 100:0에서 30:70까지 그래디언트로 사용하였으며 UV의 검출파장은 270 nm이었다. 평균 회수율은 75~95%이었으며, 검출한계는 신호대 잡음비 3 이상에서 대상물질에 따라 최저 SMT 0.004에서 최고 STZ 0.007 mg/kg로 나타났다. 대부분의 시료에서 설폰아미이드계 동물용의약품은 검출되지 않았으나, 소고기(2시료)에서 설파모노메톡신이 각각 0.03, 0.06 mg/kg 수준으로 검출되었으며 잔류허용기준 이하로 평가되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 1971

수도생육초기(水稻生育初期)에 흡수조해물질(吸收阻害物質)의 생성집적(生成集積)이 우려(憂慮)되는 전형적(典型的)인 습답(濕畓)의 개량방법(改良方法)을 확립(確立)시키기 위(爲)해서 적지(適地)를 선정(選定) 석회질물질(石灰質物質), 무류산근비료(無硫酸根肥料), 붕소(硼素) 생고등(生藁等)을 첨가처리(添加處理) 한 포장시험(圃場試驗)을 실시(實施)하고 시기별식물체시료(時期別植物體試料)의 채취분석(採取分析)을 실시(實施)하여 그 결과(結果)들을 평가검토(評價檢討)한 결과(結果) 대략(大約) 다음과 같이 요약(要約)할수 있었다. (1) 습답(濕畓)에서는 소석회(消石灰), 규회석(珪灰石)과 같은 석회질물질(石灰質物質)의 첨가(添加) 붕(硼) 사등(砂等)과 같은 미생물(微生物)의 활동억제물질(活動抑制物質), 무류산근비료(無硫酸根肥料)와 같은 유해물질생성원(有害物質生成源)이 없는 물질(物質)의 시용(施用)으로 현저(顯著)한 정조수양증수(精租收量增收)를 기(期)할수있다. (2) 습답(濕畓)에 있어서 작물학적(作物學的)인 감수원인(減收原因)은 주당수수(株當穗數) 수당입수(穗當粒數), 1000입중등(粒重等)이 감소(減少)되는것이다. (3) 습답(濕畓)에서의 식물영양학적(植物營養學的)인 감수원인(減收原因)은 전생육기간(全生育期間)을 통(通)한 질소흡수조해(窒素吸收阻害)와 유수형성기(幼穗形成) 이후(以後)의 인발흡목조해(燐醱吸牧阻害), 수확기고중(收穫期藁中)의 고토(苦土), 석회(石灰) 규산함량(硅酸含量)의 감소(減少)때문이다. (4) 습답(濕畓)에서의 각종성분(各種成分)의 수도체중함량감소원인(水稻體中含量減少原因)은 다음과 같은 관찰사실(觀察事實)로부터 흡수조해물질(吸收阻害物質)의 생성집적(生成集積)으로 인(因)한 근계(根系)의 피해(被害)때문이라고 추정(推定)된다. (가) 흡수조해물질(吸收阻害物質)의 생성집적(生成集積)이 최고(最高)에 이르는 유수형성기(幼穗形成期)에 있어서 인산(燐酸)의 식물체당함량(植物體當含量)은 인산무처리구(燐酸無處理區)보다 인산시용구(燐酸施用區)에서 적었으며 석회질물질시용(石灰質物質施用)으로 중화(中和)된 구(區)에서는 훨씬 많았다. (나) 생고시용구(生藁施用區)에서 유수형성기(幼穗形成期) 식물체중가리함량(植物體中加里含量)은 필경 생고분해과정(生藁分解過程)에서 생성(生成)된 흡수조해물질(吸收阻害物質)때문에 매우 낮었으나 수확기(收穫期)에는 높았으며 필경 피해근(被害根)에 의(依)한 소극적(消極的) 비대사흡수(非代謝吸收) 때문이다. (다) 유기물(有機物)을 분해(分解)하는 미생물(微生物)의 작용(作用)을 조해(阻害)하는 것으로 알려진 붕소(硼素)의 효과(效果)가 현저(顯著)하였다. (라) 유화수소(硫化水素)와 같은 흡수조해물질생성원(吸收阻害物質生成源)이 없는 무류산근비료처리(無硫酸根肥料處理)의 효과(效果)가 현저(顯著)하였다. (마) 흡수조해물질(吸收阻害物質)의 생성집적량(生成集積量)이 최고(最高)에 이르며 근(根)의 활력(活力)이 최저(最低)에 이르는 유수형성기전후(幼穗形成期前後)에 결정(決定)되는 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)들이 모두 감소(減少)된다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.84-95
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• 2014

Objective : Ephedra sinica (ES) has has been used as remedy of allergic diseases for a long time in Korea. In the present study, we investigated the anti-allergic effects of ES on experimental allergic asthma mouse model using ovalbumin (OVA). Methods : BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with 100 ug of OVA and 1 mg of aluminum potassium sulfate of 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline(PBS) intraperitoneally on day 1 and 15. mice were challenged on 3 consecutive days with 5% OVA and AHR was assessed 24 h after the last challenge. we examined the lung histology, airway hyper sensitivity, total inflammatory cell count in bronchoaveloar lavage fluid(BALF), Th2-associated cytokines production and IgE production. Results : ES potently inhibited the lung damage and the development of Penh. ES also reduced the number of BAL cells during OVA-induced allergic asthma. Furthermore, ES inhibited cytokines production such as IL-4, IL-13 productions, and IgE level of serum. Conclusion : These results suggest that ES may inhibit the production of IL-4, IL-13, IgE and infiltration of inflammatory cell and be beneficial oriental medicine for allergic asthma.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.96-105
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• 2014

Objective : Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GUF) has been used as remedy of allergic diseases for a long time in Korea. In the present study, we investigated the anti-allergic effects of GUF on experimental allergic asthma mouse model using ovalbumin (OVA). Methods : BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with 100 ug of OVA and 1 mg of aluminum potassium sulfate of 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) intraperitoneally on day 1 and 15. Mice were challenged on 3 consecutive days with 5% OVA and AHR was assessed 24 hrs after the last challenge. We examined total inflammatory cell number in bronchoaveloar lavage fluid (BALF), Th2-associated cytokine productions and lung histology. Results : GUF potently inhibited the development of airway hypersensitivity and also reduced the number of BAL cells during OVA-induced allergic asthma. GUF also inhibited cytokine productions such as IL-4, IL-13 in lung tissue. Furthermore, GUF treatment inhibited allergic airway inflammation. Conclusion : These results suggest that GUF may inhibit the production of IL-4, IL-13 and infiltration of inflammatory cell and be beneficial oriental medicine for allergic asthma.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.84-93
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• 2010

This study was carried out to analyze the vegetation properties, soil characteristics and ordination of Leontice microrhyncha population in South Korea. The Leontice microrhyncha population was classified into Quercus mongolica dominant population, Morus bombycis dominant population, Fraxinus mandshurica population and Leontice microrhyncha typical dominant. The Leontice microrhyncha population was located at an elevation of 633m to 1,336m in Korea. In the study sites, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphate, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, cation exchange capacity and soil pH were 8.40~10.58%, 0.42~0.61%, 14.15~25.07mg/kg, 0.44~0.59cmol$^+$/kg, 2.35~6.33cmol$^+$/kg, 0.35~0.98cmol$^+$/kg, 26.04~33.48cmol$^+$/kg and 4.69~5.32 respectively. Morus bombycis dominant population was found in the low elevation and gentle sloped area that has high percentage of phosphoric acid and less percentage of total nitrogen, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium than other dominant population. Fraxinus mandshurica dominant population and Leontice microrhyncha typical population were found in the comparatively high elevation area that has low percentage of phosphoric acid and high percentage of total nitrogen, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium. Quercus mongolica dominant population was found in the medium elevation area that has medium percentage of total nitrogen, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.363-368
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• 2009

To fulfill the increasing demand for a high quality of flower, we investigated the effects of nitrogen application on plant growth, yield and bioactive compounds of Chrysanthemum indicum L.. C. indicum L. was cultivated in a pot scale, and nitrogen applied with the level of 0 (N0), 50 (N50), 100 (N100), 150 (N150), 200 (N200) and $300\;(N300)\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ to suggest optimum rate of nitrogen fertilization. Phosphate and potassium applied the same amount of $80-80\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ ($P_2O_5-K_2O$) in all treatments. Growth characteristics and yields of C. indicum L. were significantly affected by nitrogen application. Maximum yield achieved in 265 and $295\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ N treatment on the whole plant and the flower parts, respectively. The nitrogen content and uptake of whole plant significantly increased by the increase of nitrogen application. Five major components of essential oil, $\alpha$-pinene, 1,8-cineol, chrysanthenone, germacrene-D, and $\alpha$-curcumene in flowerheads of C. indicum L. occupied approximately 40% of peak area, germacrene-D decreased by the increase of nitrogen application among them. However, cumambrin A contents in the flower parts of C. indicum L. were affected negatively by the increase of nitrogen application, but total yields of cumambrin A in flower part significantly increased. Conclusively, nitrogen fertilization could increase the yield of flowerheads. The optimum application level of nitrogen fertilizer might be on the range of $265-295\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ in a mountainous soil.

• Mycobiology
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2010

The common split-gilled mushroom, Schizophyllum commune is found throughout the world on woody plants. This study was initiated to evaluate conditions for favorable vegetative growth and to determine molecular phylogenetic relationship in twelve different strains of S. commune. A suitable temperature for mycelial growth was obtained at $30^{\circ}C$. This mushroom grew well in acidic conditions and pH 5 was the most favorable. Hamada, glucose peptone, Hennerberg, potato dextrose agar and yeast malt extract were favorable media for growing mycelia, while Lilly and glucose tryptone were unfavorable. Dextrin was the best and lactose was the less effective carbon source. The most suitable nitrogen sources were calcium nitrate, glycine, and potassium nitrate, whereas ammonium phosphate and histidine were the least effective for the mycelial growth of S. commune. The genetic diversity of each strain was investigated in order to identify them. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA were amplified using PCR. The size of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions of rDNA from the different strains varied from 129 to 143 bp and 241 to 243 bp, respectively. The sequence of ITS1 was more variable than that of ITS2, while the 5.8S sequences were identical. A phylogenetic tree of the ITS region sequences indicated that the selected strains were classified into three clusters. The reciprocal homologies of the ITS region sequences ranged from 99 to 100%. The strains were also analyzed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) with 20 arbitrary primers. Twelve primers efficiently amplified the genomic DNA. The number of amplified bands varied depending on the primers used or the strains tested. The average number of polymorphic bands observed per primer was 4.5. The size of polymorphic fragments was obtained in the range of 0.2 to 2.3 kb. These results indicate that the RAPD technique is well suited for detecting the genetic diversity in the S. commune strains tested.