• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.216-224
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Mokhyangsaenghwa-tang beverage on postpartum recovery and lactation. One theory of oriental medical treatment for postpartum care is focused on increasing vitality and building up blood. Saengwha-tang are representative remedies for these respective principle of treatment. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the clinical effects of Mokhyangsaenghwa-tang on blood components, Body weight, BMI and prolactin level in postpartum. Methods : 65 postpartum women applied for this study, and 30 of them were included in this study. They were divided two groups. The experimental group were treated by Mokhyangsaenghwa-tang beverage, the control group were treated by citron beverage during 40 days. Then we observed the changes of the body weight, BMI, complete blood cell count, liver function test, renal function test, level of serum prolactin, Urine analysis and general conditon Questionnaire among baseline(before treatment), 1st phase(after 20 days treatment) and 2nd phase(after 40 days treatment). Results : After taking Mokhyangsaenghwa-tang beverage, body weight, body water, edema index, prolactin ana general condtion became better, but they were not statistically significant. Conclusion : This study shows that Mokhyangsaenghwa-tang can improve postpartum recovery, but more research is needed.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.371-375
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• 2001

Intracranial hemorrhage due to preeclampsia in the postpartum woman is rarely documented. Generally, the incidence of stroke is increased during pregnancy and early postpartum. Preeclampsia is considered a main cause of both nonhemorrhagic and hemorrhagic stroke. We present a 32-year-old woman who had intracranial hemorrhage at 5 days postpartum. At admission, her consciousness was semicomatose with elevated blood pressure. Computerized tomography revealed intracranial hemorrhage on right frontal lobe. Additional angiography did not reveal abnormal vascular lesion. Emergency craniectomy with hematoma removal was done. However, the patient showed no recovery and died 2 weeks later. We conclude that postpartum care of preeclampsia is important to prevent intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Relative high risk of stroke during the postpartum period suggests a causal roles for the large decrease in blood volume or the rapid changes in hormonal status that follow a live birth or stillbirth, perhaps by means of hemodynamics, coagulative, or vessel wall changes.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.128-146
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was performed to analyze the prescriptions of Korean herbal medicine which had been commonly used during postpartum period. Methods: We searched literature on postpartum cares with Korean Herbal medicine in 4 domestic search engines. After that, we conducted eligibility screening based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: 1. We selected total 48 studies. There were 40 clinical studies (25 case reports and 15 case series) and 8 animal experimental studies. 2. Of the 40 clinical studies, other treatments were used together with herbal medicine : acupuncture (28), chuna manipulation (3), and pharmacopuncture (5). 3. Of the 25 case reports, the most common symptoms were musculoskeletal symptoms (8), followed by mental disorders including postpartum depression (5). Various prescriptions of herbal medicine were used depending on the diseases or symptoms. 4. In 15 case series, 665 subjects in 11 case series had taken Saenghwa-tang-gagam within 1~2 weeks after childbirth, and the average duration of Saenghwa-tang-gagam administration were $9{\pm}4.97$ days. 498 subjects in 9 studies were breast-feeding, and there were no side effects reported. 5. All experimental studies were about the recovery, the immunity and the breast-feeding associated puerperal characteristics. Also, 3 studies used Saenghwa-tang as an intervention. Conclusions: Saenghwa-tang can be commonly used for the purpose of prevention and care of the postpartum symptoms within the first 1~2 weeks after childbirth for 10 days. Also, various prescriptions of herbal medicine may be used depending on the diseases or symptoms, and can be conducted with other treatments like acupuncture, cupping, moxibustion, pharmacopuncture and chuna manipulation.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.101-115
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of health educational program for maternity using principle of user centered design. Method: Research process includes five distinct phases: needs assessment, analysis, design, development/testing/revision, and application release. Results: This program includes an introduction, pregnancy test and fetal assessment, maternal and fetal change during pregnancy, self-care methods during pregnancy, complication of postpartum period, process of labor, complication of pregnancy, self care during the postpartum period, information for parenting skill, father page, FAQ, helping resources and institutions. Conclusion: The program will be distributed to health centers for maternal health education. The second phase of this project was evaluation this program for further development of the program. The end result of this program will be pregnant women with a high degree of usability. Author believe this program have true potential in helping maternal health promotion and successful parenting.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.28-43
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• 1995

The relationship between perceived social support and adaptation to maternal role for first-time mothers was investigated in this descriptive correlational study. A nonprobable sample of 90 first-time mothers were selected, who had uncomplicated perinatal experiences and delivered healthy and term newborns as well. The data was collected during a home interview at 4-6weeks postpartum. The outcome of adaptations was defined as the level of sensitivity in parent-infant interactions and of the self confidence in infant care. The perception of social support in the primiparous was assessed by the NSSQ during the postpartum. The results obtained from this study are summarized as follows : 1. The mean score of the perceived total functional support was $116.6{\pm}37.5$ points (affective : 38.1 affirmative : 39.3, aid : 39.3), and the score of the total network support was $45.2{\pm}13.9$ points (size : 4.9, duration :19.8 frequency : 20.4). These scores tended to be slightly low. 2. The mean score of the self confidence on the infant care activity as the subjective aspect of the maternal role adaptation (MRA) was 56.5 points (86.9%), whereas that of the sensitivity of the mother-infant interaction of the MRA was 78.9 points (63.2%). 3. The subjective aspect of the MRA has showed a positive relation ship with the aid dimension of the functional support. And the objective aspect of the MRA also showed a positive relationship with the total functional support and the total network support. However the correlating degrees were slightly low. In conclusion, the primiparous mothers perceived that they had received a small amount of social support during the postpartum period, suggesting the need of various kinds of social support to promote the MRA for the primiparous.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.145-154
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• 2007

Purpose : Rotavirus is one of the most important etiologic agents of nosocomial infections among the neonates. This study was designed to investigate nosocomial rotavirus infection in neonates who were admitted to a postpartum-care center after birth. Methods : From March 2005 to September 2006, 957 healthy neonates were examined for rotavirus antigen in stool by immunochromatographic method and 216 neonates were rotavirus antigen positive within 24 hours after admitted to a postpartum-care center. We reviewed the nursing charts retrospectively such as characteristics, monthly distribution, birth hospitals, delivery methods, feeding types and clinical manifestations. Results : Among 957 neonates, 216 neonates (22.6%) were rotavirus antigen positive and there were no differences in sex, birth weight, gestational age. Monthly positive rate of rotavirus antigen showed diversity from 10% to 36%. According to birth hospitals, positive rate showed diversity from 3.5% to 53.6%. Out of 957 neonates, 655 cases (68.4%) were born of vaginal delivery and mean hospitalized duration was 2.4 days, 302 cases (31.6%) were born of cesarean section and mean hospitalized duration was 5.7 days. 17.6% of vaginal delivery and 33.4% of cesarean section were rotavirus antigen positive. The positive rate was higher in neonates by cesarean section than vaginal delivery (P<0.001). According to feeding types, positive rate of rotavirus antigen was lower in breast-fed group than formula-fed group (P<0.001). Proportion of symptomatic case among rotavirus antigen positive was 34.7%. Most common clinical manifestation was diarrhea (61.3%), following poor feeding (45.3%), fever (40.0%), vomiting (25.3%), delayed weight gain (12.0%), and decreased urine amount (5.3%). Conclusion : Some neonates were already infected before admission to a postpartum-care center. Without meticulous management, nosocomial rotavirus infection would transmit rapidly in a postpartum-care center spreading to the community. Recommendation of breast-feeding, routine rotavirus screeing test with or without symptom, and isolation of all rotavirus antigen positive neonates in a postpartum-care center seem to be necessary. Also attentive hygiene education and further investigations of rotavirus infection in a postpartum-care center would be needed.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.159-168
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• 2004

'産後風(chan hou feng)' is a postpartum pain-syndrome which caused by inadequate postpartum health care. Recently '産後風(chan hou feng)' contain some symptoms in relate with dystonia like sleep disorder, tiredness, depression, anxiety etc. According to The International Association for the Study of Pain(IASP) "Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotinal experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage". This definition means the pain is related to emotional state as well as physical, Physical and emotional changes are common after childbirth, which can cause pain. The important point in treating its '産後風(chan hou feng)' is that the patient in the postpartum period.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.608-611
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• 2004

The 15 buffaloes were divided into three groups, viz. group 1: normal cyclic buffaloes; group 2: postpartum anoestrus buffaloes and group 3: post partum anoestrus buffaloes supplemented with intramuscular injections of Vit. E.-care Se containing 500 mg $\alpha$-tocopheryl acetate and 15 mg selenium at weekly intervals for two months. The postpartum anoestrus buffaloes had significantly higher levels of erythrocytic lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase and glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase activities but lower glutathione peroxidase activity as compared to normal cyclic buffaloes. The supplementation of vitamin E and selenium lowered the level of erythrocytic lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase and glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase activities but it had no effect on whole blood selenium and erythrocytic gluathione peroxidase activity. All the animals in group 3 became cyclic and showed 60% conception rate.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.128-139
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to translate the Perinatal Infant Care Social Support (PICSS) instrument into Chinese and to verify the reliability and validity of the translated version. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design to examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the PICSS (C-PICSS). A cohort of 150 first-time mothers in China participated, attending hospital follow-up care at 6 weeks postpartum. Data were collected after obtaining informed consent from the mothers. Results: The majority of mothers were aged between 20 and 29 years, with a mean age of 26.25 (±3.90) years. An item analysis of the 19 items in the C-PICSS showed that all items had an item-total score correlation above 0.2. This resulted in a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of 0.92 and a significant Bartlett's test of sphericity (χ²=1,778.65, p<.001), confirming the suitability of the data for factor analysis. Correlation analyses revealed a strong positive relationship between infant care social support and general social support (r=.62, p<.001), and a negative relationship between infant care social support and postpartum depression (r=-. 38, p<.001). Higher scores for infant care social support were associated with reporting positive relationships with their husbands (t=3.72, p<.001) and high levels of spousal involvement (t=4.09, p<.001). In terms of structural support, spouses were identified as the primary source. Conclusion: The research results indicate that C-PICSS is reliable and valid as an indicator of social support for infant care among Chinese mothers.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.32 no.1 s.88
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• pp.36-45
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• 2006

The aim of this study is to examine size-based concentration and genera of airborne fungi distributed in public facilities such as hospital, kindergarten, day-care center and postpartum nurse center and to provide fundamental data in order to prevent respiratory diseases caused by exposure to airborne fungi. Culturable total and respirable concentrations of airborne fungi averaged to $382\;cfu/m^3\;and\;292\;cfu/m^3$ in hospital, $536\;cfu/m^3\;and\;347\;cfu/m^3$ in kindergarten, $334\;cfu/m^3\;and\;266\;cfu/m^3$ in day-care center, and $371\;cfu/m^3\;and\;289\;cfu/m^3$ in postpartum nurse center, respectively. The ratio of respirable to total concentration of airborne fungi in the investigated public facilities was ranged from $55\%\;to\;70\%$ but there was no significant difference among them (p>0.05). The mean I/O ratio of culturable total and respirable concentrations were 0.56 and 0.64 in hospital, 0.72 and 0.91 in kindergarten, 0.33 and 0.45 in day-care center, and 0.63 and 0.73 in postpartum nurse center, respectively. Indoor concentration of airborne fungi did not correlated significantly with indoor temperature and relative humidity (p>0.05) but had a significant positive correlation with $CO_2$ concentration (p<0.01) and surrounding condition (p<0.05). Penicillium spp., Cladosporium spp., and Aspergillus spp. were estimated to over $95\%$ of total airborne fungi identified in the investigated public facilities.