• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.55-65
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• 2017

Objectives The purpose of this review is to analyze results of case studies and controlled studies about Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture. Based on the review, authors desire to suggest the study model including precise information and evident the effect of Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture objectively in treating clinical disorders. Methods We search 44 studies about Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture from 6 Korean web databases, using words 'Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture' in Korean alphabet. This study had been conducted throughout 1 month (July, 2017). We selected case studies and controlled trials in investigated 44 thesis, excluding experimental research and thesis not using the Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture for major treatment. Results We analyze 13 case reports and 7 controlled trials. As a result, Carthmi-Flos Pharmacopuncture was used mostly in musculoskeletal, neurological diseases. But this can be applied to internal diseases. Disorders reported effectively were carpal tunnel syndrome, degenerative knee joint arthritis, posterior neck pain, low back pain, radial nerve palsy, shoulder pain, lumbar compression fracture, alopecia areata, chronic daily headache, duverney fracture, oligomenorrhea, cervical disc herniation, rheumatoid arthritis and cervical headache. Conclusions As we analyzed, Carthmi-Flos pharmacopuncture is specifically effective in musculoskeletal and neurologic diseases. But there are various problems in study design. To design accurately, the study design should include much more specific information. And the result can be more precise by excluding other methods.

• Clinical Pain
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2019

Objective: To determine the relationship between cervical sagittal parameters and the degree of the cervical disc degeneration at each cervical level by using cervical plain radiographs and disc degeneration grading. Method: This study analyzed 110 patients with posterior neck pain. Cervical radiographic measurements included the occipito-cervical (O~C2) angle; sagittal Cobb angles of C1~C2, C2~C7; and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) of C1~C7 and C2~C7. The degenerations of cervical discs at each level were evaluated through Pfirrmann grading system by magnetic resonance images of the cervical spine. The correlations between the cervical sagittal measurements and the disc degeneration at each level were analyzed by Spearman's correlation. Results: A significant correlation was found for the C2~C7 angle with disc degenerations at C2~C6 levels. O~C2 angle was correlated significantly with disc degenerations at C2~C4 and C5~C7 levels. There was significant correlation between C1~C2 angle and disc degeneration at C6~C7 level. No significant relationship was found between the cervical SVA and the cervical disc degeneration at all cervical levels. Conclusion: Cervical sagittal parameters representing cervical angles (C2~C7, O~C2, and C1~C2 angles) were significantly correlated with the degree of the cervical disc degeneration. These findings suggest that the loss of the natural cervical lordosis rather than loss of natural SVA could be correlated with progression of the cervical disc degeneration.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.849-854
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• 1985

We have experienced 50 cases of mediastinal tumors and cysts from March, 1979 to August, 1985 at Kyung Hee University Hospital. The results of this cases analysis were as followings; 1. Of all 50 mediastinal tumors and cysts, 26 patients were male and 24 patients were female. There was no sex preference. The age distribution was from 27 months to 64 years, and mean age was 33.5 years old, and also no age preference. 2. The most common mediastinal tumor was benign cysts [12 cases], which comprise 24% of all mediastinal tumors and cysts. The second common mediastinal tumor was teratoma [9 cases-18%], and followed by thymic tumors and tuberculous granuloma [7 cases-14% each], neurogenic tumors [5 cases-10%], and other tumors [10 cases-20%]. 3. The anterior mediastinum was most common tumor location, and followed by middle, superior, and posterior. 4. All 9 teratomas were developed at anterior mediastinum, and 4 of 5 neurogenic tumors were developed at posterior mediastinum. Thymomas were developed at anterior and superior mediastinum. The bronchogenic cysts had no predilection of location. 5. The most common chief complaint at admission was chest pain or discomfort [23 cases-46%], and followed by cough with or without sputum, and exertional dyspnea. Asymptomatic patients were only 7 patients [24%]. 6. Of all 50 cases, 38 cases [76%] received radical tumor resection, 7 mediastinoscopic biopsy, 3 explo thoracotomy and biopsy, and 1 neck mass biopsy. 7. There were 2 hospital deaths, one of which was a patient who suffered malignant thymoma and Myasthenia Gravis. The patient received radical tumor excision, but died at 7th POD. The other patient was a patient with malignant transformation of the benign cystic teratoma. The operative mortality was 4%.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.513-516
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• 2014

We report a case of cervicomedullary compression by an anomalous vertebral artery treated using microsurgical decompression with intraoperative monitoring. A 68-year-old woman presented with posterior neck pain and gait disturbance. MRI revealed multiple abnormalities, including an anomalous vertebral artery that compressed the spinal cord at the cervicomedullary junction. Suboccipital craniectomy with C1 laminectomy was performed. The spinal cord was found to be compressed by the vertebral arteries, which were retracted dorsolaterally. At that time, the somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) changed. After release of the vertebral artery, the SSEP signal normalized instantly. The vertebral artery was then lifted gently and anchored to the dura. There was no other procedural complication. The patient's symptoms improved. This case demonstrates that intraoperative monitoring may be useful for preventing procedural complications during spinal cord microsurgical decompression.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.80-82
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• 2006

Herpes zoster is well-known viral disease in immune compromised that produces inflammatory lesions in the posterior root ganglia and is characterized clinically by pain and skin eruptions along the distribution of the affected ganglia. However, motor involvement after a herpes zoster is an uncommon complication. We report a case of diaphragmatic paralysis that occurred after a herpes zoster in 63-year-old woman. The diaphragmatic paralysis occurred one month after the typical herpes zoster eruptions affecting the C3 and C4 dermatomes in the right neck, shoulder and back area.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.478-484
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• 2007

Purpose: Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL) is a relatively rare disorder characterized by presence of multiple, symmetric, nonencapsulated fat masses in face, neck, shoulder and other areas. There has been only a few cases reported in Korea. The main purpose of this research is to examine the Korean patients to see what kinds of special characteristics occurred due to this disease and to decide the proper treatment.Methods: A total of 16 patients were evaluated retrospectively. 5 patients were treated at our hospital. The other patients were reviewed from literature. We analyzed the biological characters of patients, location of fat deposit, morphologic characters of patients, clinical evidence of neuropathy, associated metabolic disorders and treatment modality.Results: All cases were male patient. The mean age of onset was 47.43 years. All patients were moderate to heavy alcoholics. The most common location of fat deposition was posterior neck and abdomen. In neurologic exam of 9 patients, 5 patients showed muscle weakness, tremor, pain and autonomic nerve dysfunction. In metabolic studies of 9 patients, total cholesterol values were higher in 1 patient. A glucose tolerance test was abnormal in 1 patient. In treatment modality, 14 patients were treated with surgical resection, 1 patient was treated with liposuction and surgical excision, 1 patient was treated only with liposuction. Conclusion: To treat MSL patients successfully, we should concentrate not only on the removal of the fatty tissue but also on neurologic abnormities, metabolic disorders and associated diseases.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.342-346
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• 2010

Objective : This study assessed the efficacy of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with cage alone compared with ACDF with plate instrumentation for radiologic and clinical outcomes in two-level cervical degenerative disease. Methods : Patients with cervical degenerative disc disease from September 2004 to December 2009 were assessed retrospectively. A total of 42 patients received all ACDF at two-level cervical lesion. Twenty-two patients who underwent ACDF with cage alone were compared with 20 patients who underwent ACDF with plate fixation in consideration of radiologic and clinical outcomes. Clinical outcomes were assessed using Robinson's criteria and posterior neck pain, arm pain described by a 10 point-visual analog scale. Fusion rate, subsidence, kyphotic angle, instrument failure and the degenerative changes in adjacent segments were examined during each follow-up examination. Results : VAS was checked during each follow-up and Robinson's criteria were compared in both groups. Both groups showed no significant difference. Fusion rates were 90.9% (20/22) in ACDF with the cage alone group, 95% (19/20) in ACDF with the plate fixation group (p = 0.966). Subsidence rates of ACDF with cage alone were 31.81% (7/22) and ACDF with plate fixation were 30% (6/20) (p = 0.928). Local and regional kyphotic angle difference showed no significant difference. At the final follow-up, adjacent level disease developed in 4.54% (1/22) of ACDF with cage alone and 10% (2/20) of ACDF with plate fixation (p= 0.654). Conclusion : In two-level ACDF, ACDF with cage alone would be comparable with ACDF with plate fixation with regard to clinical outcome and radiologic result with no significant difference. We suggest that the routine use of plate and screw in 2-level surgery may not be beneficial.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.549-557
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• 2022

Objective : This study analyzed the risk factors in patients who developed distal junctional kyphosis (DJK) after posterior cervical fusion. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and radiographic outcomes of 64 patients, aged ≥18 years (51 and 13 male and female patients, respectively), who underwent single-staged multilevel (3-6 levels) posterior cervical fusion surgery due to multiple cervical spondylotic myelopathy. The surgeries were performed by a single spinal surgeon between January 2012 and December 2017. Demographic data, clinical outcomes, and radiological results were collected. We divided the patients into a DJK group and a non-DJK group according to the presence of DJK and investigated the risk factors by comparing the differences between the two groups. Results : Of the 64 patients, 13 developed DJK. No significant differences in clinical results were observed between the two groups before and immediately after the surgery. At the final follow-up, a higher visual analog score for neck pain was observed in the DJK group compared to the non-DJK group (p<0.01). The DJK group had a significantly lower T1 slope and a significantly higher C2-7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA) before surgery compared to the non-DJK group (p=0.03 and p<0.01, respectively). Immediately after surgery, the difference between the two groups decreased and no significant difference was observed. However, at the last follow-up, a significantly higher C2-7 SVA was observed in the DJK group (p<0.01). At the last follow up, there is no discrepancy in T1S-CL. In multiple logistic regression analysis, preoperative higher C2-7 SVA and preoperative lower T1 slope were identified as independent risk factors (p=0.03 and p<0.01, respectively). As a result, it was confirmed that DJK occurred along the process of returning to preoperative values. Conclusion : DJK can be considered to be caused by cervical misalignment due to excessive change in the surgical site in patients with low T1 slope and high C2-7 SVA before surgery. This also affects the clinical outcome after surgery. It is recommended to refrain from excessive segmental lordosis changes during multilevel cervical post fusion surgery, especially in patients with a small preoperative T1 slope and a large SVA value.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.276-283
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• 2017

Maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma is a relatively rare disease, comprising only 3% of malignant diseases of head and neck. As the growth rate is high and its prognosis is poor compared to others, the 5-year survival rate of maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma(MSSCC) is 23.4-49%. We introduce two rare clinical cases of squamous cell carcinoma originated from maxillary sinus of which symptoms include toothache and gingival swelling. On clinical examinations of both patients, deep periodontal pockets on upper right posterior teeth were detected. On panoramic images, the bony destruction of the maxillary sinus and its surrounding structures were not obvious and only alveolar bone loss was noted. It is difficult to diagnose MSSCC at an early stage due to symptoms of tooth pain and gingival swelling that are similar to that of periodontal diseases. However, if the symptoms do not improve after routine treatment of upper teeth, dentists should bear in mind of underlying malignant mass as differential diagnosis, thus early detection of the lethal disease. The aim of this study is to caution dental practitioners that malignancies have a potential to mimic periodontal diseases by introducing two cases of maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma presented as periodontitis.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2006

Giant cell tumors are potentially malignant tumors in vertebrae, affecting frequently difficult to diagnose and are often inoperable. So it will be treated using radiation because of their high recurrence rate and the mechanical compression of spinal cord, but many surgeons described tumors of the vertebra, and the affected vertebral body can be treated using radical or near to total excision, with anteroposterior vertebral fusion or instrumentation of the spine. we report a case of giant cell tumor affecting the third cervical vertebra which caused neck pain and destroyed the vertebra body had treated using radical excison with fusion of posterior arch using instrumentation of the spine together with a literature review.