• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.61-72
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• 2020

Purpose: Usage of leisure-sport social media would lengthen and strengthen the effects of positive event experiences on WOM behavior. This study is to examine the extent to which leisure sport social media use has the moderating potential to enhance the direction of the relationship between post-event emotions and event WOM behavior. Research design, data and methodology: A running event located in a major metropolitan area in the southeastern United States was selected. Participants of the running events completed the survey. Descriptive analysis and correlations between primary variables of interest were conducted. To examine interactions within the context of moderated regression, a hierarchical regression analysis was employed. Results: The results confirmed direct effects of a sense of achievement and event satisfaction on event WOM intention, supporting H 1 and H2. In specific, result revealed that the amount of time spending on social media for running content moderated the effect of a sense of achievement on event WOM intention, supporting H3, however, H4 was rejected. Conclusions: There are managerial implications of these results, particularly which pertain to how organizers may be able to use perceived benefits (i.e., a sense of achievement and satisfaction) and social media to increase positive WOM intention.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2000

Taean county region has been economically lagged behind compared with other areas in Chungnam Province mainly due to disadvantages of the location such as traffic accessibility, social infrastructure and industrial complex. However, recently Taean region has been emerged as newly prospective area because west coastal highway will be constructed to connect Seoul urban area to famous beach sites, recreational facilities along the seaside of Taean county, where International Flower Exhibition will also be held in Anmyon Island for the year of 2002. This Paper aims to explore how International Flower Exhibition is contributing to the development of local economy of Taean County area and to suggest the strategies for the development of this area through promoting spread effects of these international events. It is estimated that although there will be loss of 32,987 thousands won during the period of international flower festival based on the cash flow analysis, long run profits would be 108 trillion won, when calculating indirect benefits derived from the sight seeing, flower sales and other incomes from various activities. In order to maximize post benefits of international flower event, it is suggested that Taean county should pursue the strategies for specializing in cultural events such as family recreational events, beach festival and traditional cultural events, improving the social infrastructure and promoting the local industry such as flower, tourism and advanced technological enterprises.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 2011

Background: There is controversy regarding the relative perioperative benefits of desflurane when used for induction of anesthesia. Inhalation induction with desflurane alone causes adverse airway events, such as coughing, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, and copious secretion of varying severity. The aim of this study was to determine whether desflurane minimize cardiovascular activation during induction. Methods: Sixty ASA I and II patients were randomized to receive 1 MAC or 1.5 MAC of desflurane during manual vernilation or not. Patients received propofol (2 mg/kg) to induce loss of consciousness (LOC). Rocuronium (0.8 mg/kg) was given at LOC and the trachea was intubated after 90 seconds of manual breathing support with or without inhaled anesthetics. Vital signs and adverse airway events were recorded until 10 minutes post-intubation. Results: A significant increase in blood pressure and heart rate were seen in no desflurane group. The stable vital signs were seen in desflurane groups. The adverse airway events were increased in 1.5 MAC group but 1 MAC group. Conclusions: Desflurane was able to be stable blood pressure and heart rate at 1 MAC but adverse airway events were increased at 1.5 MAC of desflurane.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.65-76
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• 2018

Purpose - This paper investigates how the market value of the firms are impacted by distribution information technology investment in Korea over time and across markets, industries and project characteristics. This is the first empirical study on the market payoffs from the RFID investment in Korea. The purpose of this study is to provide a appropriate guideline for investors and practitioners with respect to the announcement representing RFID adoption in Korea. This reaction guideline will stimulate the practitioners to monitor and evaluate the benefits and costs of the innovative RFID technology. Research design, data, and methodology - This paper employs event study methodology to analyze the payoffs from distribution information technology investment announcements over a fifteen-year period from 2003 to 2017. Event study method is based on the assumptions such as market efficiency, unanticipated RFID invest announcements and no confounding effects in the data. This study collected the information on RFID investment announcements by using a full text search engine Bigkinds provided by Korea Press Foundation over a fifteen-year period from January 2003 through December 2017. This paper selected 88 announcements representing RFID adoption by 46 firms. This paper estimated the payoffs from RFID investment announcement through events windows by using the market model of Mcwilliams and Siegel (1997) and calculated the Z-values. Using this test statistics we could infer if RFID adoption make large differences in abnormal returns across various classifications of the firms. Results - There is significant positive market returns from the announcement representing distribution information technology investment in the pre-2009 time period, the significances of payoffs disappear in the post-2009 time period. For this reason investors or practitioners can understand the importance of market entry time and the fact that the greater rewards may belong to early innovators while late imitators cannot reap such a rewards. This paper also find that there is a large differences in the payoffs from the announcement across markets, industries and project characteristics. Conclusions - Analysing the selected sample of 88 announcements representing RFID Adoption over fifteen-year period from 2003 to 2017, this study find that there is not only significant abnormal excess returns from RFID investment announcements but also there is great differences in the abnormal returns over time and across firm sizes or affiliated markets, industries, and project characteristics. This means that there are considerable values for the investors across various firm classifications. The findings of this paper provide useful implications for the practitioners to make judicious decisions whether to adopt the innovative technologies in general or not considering the various concrete circumstances in Korea.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.169-183
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• 2012

This study was aimed at finding out the preferences and satisfaction levels regarding the type of fashion retailer's sales promotion based on consumers' empirical characteristics. A total of 223 questionnaires were used for the survey of this study. The methods of this study were descriptive analysis, factor analysis, reliability tests, one-way ANOVA, $t$-tests and ${\chi}^2$-test. The consumer groups were divided by habitual experience and self-evaluated knowledge relate to apparel product. The results of this study showed that consumers have different preferences and post-utilization satisfaction regarding the type of sales promotion offered by fashion retailers. Consumers with more experiences in apparel product and with higher self-evaluated knowledge were more active in utilizing the benefits offered through the value-added type of sales promotions, such as the gift certificate or coupon. Consumers with more experience in apparel product also showed higher satisfaction with both the utilitarian and hedonic types of sales promotions, such as gift certificate offer, special price, price discount event, and coupon or courtesy card offer. Furthermore, consumers with higher self-evaluated knowledge showed higher satisfaction with the utilitarian types of sales promotion, such as gift certificate offer and regular sale. Therefore, by identifying the accurate understanding of consumers'empirical characteristics, an enterprise might be able to satisfy consumer by offering more appropriate and subdivided types of sales promotion.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.724-732
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• 2023

In this study, we tried to analyze the characteristics of color cosmetics information search and the major information of interest in the color cosmetics market after COVID-19 shown in the text mining analysis results by collecting data on online interest information of consumers in the color cosmetics market after COVID-19. In the empirical analysis, text mining was performed on all documents such as news, blogs, cafes, and web pages, including the word "color cosmetics". As a result of the analysis, online information searches for color cosmetics after COVID-19 were mainly focused on purchase information, information on skin and mask-related makeup methods, and major topics such as interest brands and event information. As a result, post-COVID-19 color cosmetics buyers will become more sensitive to purchase information such as product value, safety, price benefits, and store information through active online information search, so a response strategy is required.