• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.271-288
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to identify the critical factors that restaurant management should consider strategically when making a decision after COVID-19 under the digital transformation and non-contact service expansions environment. Design/methodology/approach - The thirty six experts and managers who have 5 years or more experience in restaurant industry in Korea participate this study. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and SER-M were used to analyze the experts' opinion Findings - As a result of the analysis, 'management environment' (0.313) showed the highest relative importance priority, followed by 'brand (0.263)', 'management characteristics (0.254)', and 'physical factors (0.17)'. And, as for the sub-factor value, 'lifestyle (0.087)', 'awareness (0.084)', 'consumer desire (0.075)', and 'loyalty (0.068)' were ranked highest among the 19 influencing critical factors. Research implications or Originality - In the case of large restaurant enterprises, it is judged that the subject(CEO, Management) is actively pursuing a strategy to acquire the necessary resources for the given environment of digital transformation and customer demand for non-contact services. On the other hand, in the case of middle and small restaurant enterprises, it seems that they are fully aware of the demand for expansion of non-contact services and the digital transformation required in the post COVID-19 era, but information technology utilization ability, usage experience, technology acceptance ability, and education and training support for this are only available to large enterprises.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 2022

Background and Objectives Tracheostomy is a relatively safe procedure, and the recent emergence of COVID-19 has raised the need to perform tracheostomy immediately in the bed of an intensive care unit (ICU) rather than an operating room. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of complications related to surgical tracheotomy performed in the ICU by an ENT specialist. Materials and Method From March 2019 to January 2022, a total of 101 patients underwent tracheostomy in the ICU. Demographics and complications were classified according to postoperative period. Results Within 24 hours after the procedure, bleeding events were confirmed in 2 patients (2.0%) with mild bleeding. One case (1.0%) of ventricular fibrillation occurred shortly after the procedure. There were no complications from 24 hours to 1 week after procedure. After one week, 4 patients (4.5%) had a local infection, and 3 patients (3.4%) had a tube obstruction. During all follow-up periods, there were no serious side effects such as death, major vascular injury, pneumothroax. No complications were observed throughout the entire period in 6 COVID-19 patients. Conclusion The number of complications of surgical tracheotomy in the ICU performed by a specialist was lower than in previous studies, and there were no complications that delayed treatment or endangered life. The ENT training hospitals should provide sufficient training opportunities for residents to perform surgical tracheostomy and strive to minimize complications associated with the procedure and pre- and post-operative management under the detailed guidance and supervision of specialists.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.185-210
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• 2020

The library faced an unexpected crisis of COVID-19, and as a countermeasure strategy, non-face-to-face online service has been reinforced. Therefore, this study attempted to present a plan to overcome the challenges arising from rapidly changing external environment and current crisis. To this end, data search, electronic library, library service, cultural event and open space management status of 288 public libraries serviced as an integrated site were investigated. Based on this, the meaning of online services in the post-COVID-19 era and the implication of it were examined. As a result, first, the increase in the use rate of online data search services with the spread of non-face-to-face culture, second, the expansion of the services of the electronic library, third, the diversification of non-face-to-face, online services, fourth, expansion of online cultural event services, fifth, the diversification of open space services were proposed, sixth, Introduced an artificial intelligence system for unattended loan return based on access and the Seventh, expansion of experiential cultural support services and educational contents through VR, AR and MR. It is deemed necessary for the research on the future direction of the library's non-face-to-face services to be conducted by investigating the current status of online services in various types of libraries and the types and case studies of library services in the era of COVID-19.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.82-100
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• 2022

With the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic and the era of the 4th industrial revolution, archaeological heritage education has entered a new phase. This article responds to the trends in the post-COVID-19 era, seeking ways to develop archaeological heritage education and sustainable strategies necessary in the era of the 4th industrial revolution. The program of archaeological heritage education required in the era of the 4th industrial revolution must cultivate creative talent, solve problems, and improve self-efficacy. It should also draw attention to archaeological heritage maker education. Such maker education should be delivered based on constructivism and be designed by setting specific learning goals in consideration of various age-specific characteristics. Moreover, various ICT-based contents applying VR, AR, cloud, and drone imaging technologies should be developed and expanded, and, above all, ontact digital education(real-time virtual learning) should seek ways to revitalize communities capable of interactive communication in non-face-to-face situations. The development of such ancient heritage content needs to add AI functions that consider learners' interests, learning abilities, and learning purposes while producing various convergent contents from the standpoint of "cultural collage." Online archaeological heritage content education should be delivered following prior learning or with supplementary learning in consideration of motivation or field learning to access the real thing in the future. Ultimately, archaeological ontact education will be delivered using cutting-edge technologies that reflect the current trends. In conjunction with this, continuous efforts are needed for constructive learning that enables discovery and question-exploration.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.51-63
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• 2022

COVID-19 has had a detrimental effect on urban vibrancy, particularly in urban commercial districts. Against this backdrop, the goal of this study is to examine the changes in social and economic vitality in Seoul's commercial area before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, and to identify influential factors for the changes in vitality using multinomial logistic analysis. The following are the key findings derived from the study. First, an examination of the changes in the vitality of commercial districts by type revealed that the decline in economic vitality was greater than the decline in social vitality. Second, the greater the residential ratio, the less harmful the impact of COVID-19 on urban vibrancy. Third, unlike other types of commercial districts, traditional markets had a minor increase in credit card sales even though the floating population fell during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fourth, the accessibility of the subway did not play a positive role in reversing the decline in social and economic vitality caused by the pandemic in the commercial district of Seoul; rather, the accessibility of private automobiles contributed to the increase in social and economic vitality. These results imply that the development and activation of commercial areas accessible by non-motorized modes in the residential neighborhood are becoming crucial in the post pandemic era.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.3-12
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• 2023

In the post-COVID era, the importance of quarantine measures is greatly emphasized, and accordingly, research related to the detection of mask wearing conditions and prevention of other infectious diseases using deep learning is being conducted. However, research on the detection and tracking of visitors to cultural facilities to prevent the spread of diseases is equally important, so research on this should be conducted. In this paper, a convolutional neural network-based object detection model is trained through transfer learning using a pre-collected dataset. The weights of the trained detection model are then applied to a multi-object tracking model to monitor visitors. The visitor detection model demonstrates results with a precision of 96.3%, recall of 85.2%, and an F1-score of 90.4%. Quantitative results of the tracking model include a MOTA (Multiple Object Tracking Accuracy) of 65.6%, IDF1 (ID F1 Score) of 68.3%, and HOTA (Higher Order Tracking Accuracy) of 57.2%. Furthermore, a qualitative comparison with other multi-object tracking models showcased superior results for the model proposed in this paper. The research of this paper can be applied to the hygiene systems within cultural facilities in the post-COVID era.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.68
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• pp.41-76
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• 2021

This paper begins with the question of whether "on-tact" Christian education, which has become the most new-normal phenomenon since Corona 19, will remain as a decisive form of Christian education even in the post-Corona era. In order to answer that question, this study explored whether on-tact Christian education has its own domain of experience and educational elements that cannot be replaced by face-to-face education, specifically focusing on "types of on-tact Christian Education", "discussion of digital church" and "digital epistemology". Through research on "types of onn-tact Christian education," it confirmed that, when viewed on the basis of 'participation' or 'communication', on-tact Christian education has an independent field of experience and educational elements. Through contemplation on "digital ecclesiology", it found that on-tact education is the decisive channel for Christian education to reach digital generation. It also found a new metaphor from the "network" concept for the public church and the Kingdom of God. This paper also found that we experience the perception of the body that is expanded through the combination between the body and technology in the digital world, and that this is a unique epistemology that occurs only in the digital world. Based on the above points, it affirmed that on-tact Christian education is not simply a means of supplementing face-to-face education in the era of COVID-19, but is a Christian education that has an independent field of experience and educational power that face-to-face education cannot replace. Thus it foresees that on-tact Christian education will continue to expand as a center and form of Christian education even in the post-corona era.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.203-210
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• 2023

As the environment changes become more complex, learners should establish the learning strategy for the 4th industrial era and the post-COVID-19, also change. This paper focuses on the importance of self-regulated learning. Through this learning strategy, learners will form more positive attitudes and reduce negative attitudes toward the 4th industrial era. This attitude change will lead to an improvement in learners' career decision-making efficacy as a sense of future efficacy. As a result of the study, it was demonstrated that self-regulated learning improves career decision-making efficacy through the mediating effect of positive attitude formation toward the fourth industry. This article emphasizes the necessity of self-regulated learning as a valid learning strategy for the new era. The effect of self-regulated learning is explained as an improvement in attitude toward the future and a sense of efficacy. Through this learning strategy, learners' future performance could be improved.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.539-545
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• 2020

This study was designed to find out the efficacy of college students' lecture participation in online real-time lectures conducted at university due to the Corona virus events. Participants in this study are 701 students attending the W University in the J region and participating in real-time online lectures. The tools of this study consisted of four factors: interaction, learning improvement, adaptation, and accessibility. The results of this study are as follows: First, accessibility is the highest efficacy among college students' real-time online lectures participation and interaction is the lowest. Second, the efficacy of real-time online lecture participation of university students differed according to gender, grade, major, and access devices. This study is meaningful in that it confirmed the applicability of real-time online teaching method due to corona virus and confirmed the applicability of real-time online teaching as a method to prepare for the arrival of full-scale distance education in the post-Corona era. Lastly, it was suggested that the online class management method and support for each college major reflect the changes of the times.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.463-468
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• 2022

COVID-19 is a complex disaster, not an infectious disease-level disaster, and it is difficult to respond with the existing disaster response management method. As a result, experiencing psychological stress and trauma such as 'Corona Blue' has emerged as a new social problem. This study examined the changes in non-face-to-face counseling services using ICT technology and the application cases of image, AI, and VR by companies as the transition to the digital economy accelerates. Based on this, disaster psychological recovery support services were considered to improve the psychological recovery and quality of life of the people after a disaster by establishing a more efficient counseling system and developing counseling services using ICT technology.