• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.205-212
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• 1999

Recently, unexpected cracks in the concrete deck slab of composite steel bridges have been widely reported at an early age of concrete placing due to the concrete placing sequence and methods. Accordingly, the analytical research was carried out to verify the negative moment at an internal supports due to the several concrete pouring sequence and to determine the reasonable concrete placing method on the deck slab of composite steel bridge. The results show that the conventional concrete-placing method, which pours concrete first on the positive moment regions and then negative regions, leads to the minimum moment at an internal supports. However, the conventional method produces two impractical construction joints on every spans and makes field engineer to pour concrete continuously. In conclusion, this concrete-placing method was verified to be reasonable only when the construction joint was placed at the $\frac{5}{8}l{\sim}\frac{6}{8}l$ location of the middle span.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1077-1084
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• 2000

The dipolar effect of neighboring protons that are not directly bonded to the carbon of interest on coupled carbon-13 relaxation in a simple organic molecule has been studied by comparing the relaxation behaviors of labeled carbon-13 in $Br13CH_2COOH$ with those in $BrCH_213COOH.$ Various pulse sequences, such as coupled inversion recovery pulse sequence, J-negative and J-positive pulse sequence, and nonselective and selective proton ${\pi}pulse$ sequence, were employed to perform the required coupled spin relaxation experiments. To gain information on various spectral densities, including that of dipolar-CSA cross correlation, the experiments were performed on two different spectrometers, operating, respectively, at 50.31 and 125.51MHz for 13C. The magnitude of CH dipolar spectral densities for $BrCH_213COOH$ was found to be about 8% of those for $Br13CH_2COOH$, which means the effect due to the protons not directly bonded to the carbon of interest is small but not completely negligible.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제32권5_6호
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• pp.843-848
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• 2014

In this paper, we investigate the boundedness character, the periodic character and the global behavior of positive solutions of the difference equation $$x_{n+1}=p_n+\frac{x_n}{x_{n-1}},\;n=0,1,{\cdots}$$ where $\{p_n\}$ is a two periodic sequence of nonnegative real numbers and the initial conditions $x_{-1}$, $x_0$ are arbitrary positive real numbers.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.531-542
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• 2002

In this paper we deal with a sequence of positive linear operators ${{R_n}}^{[$\beta$]}$ approximating functions on the unbounded interval [0, $\infty$] which were firstly used by K. balazs and J. Szabados. We give pointwise estimates in the framework of polynomial weighted function spaces. Also we establish a Voronovskaja type theorem in the same weighted spaces for ${{K_n}}^{[$\beta$]}$ operators, representing the integral generalization in Kantorovich sense of the ${{R_n}}^{[$\beta$]}$.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.225-233
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the possible effects of incorporating short-term slow-abdominal respiration (SAR) into an exercise program, on balance and the cardiac-related autonomic nervous system (ANS). Design: Cross-over repeated measures design. Methods: Fifteen young and healthy adults were randomly assigned into two groups (7 in the C-R group, 8 in the R-C group), each of which carried out both control sequence (C) and respiration-experiment sequence (R) in the inverse order. In the C sequence, the subjects performed passive exercises and a general exercise program (P-GEP). In the R sequence, the subjects received a short-term SAR training session and then performed the respiration incorporated general exercises program (R-RGEP). Before and after both C and R sequences, the length and the area of the displacement of the center of pressure (COP) and heart rate variability parameters were measured. Results: The total length of the COP displacement in the left single-leg-standing condition showed a significantly greater reduction after R-RGEP in the respiration-experiment sequence than after the P-GEP in the control sequence (p<0.05). The mean heart rate was significantly reduced only after R-RGEP in the respiration-experiment sequence (p<0.05) Conclusions: The slow-abdominal-respiration, trained in a simple manner and integrated into the exercise program in a single session, showed partially positive immediate effects on balance stabilization. The decrease in heart rate indicated possible involvement of the parasympathetic ANS activation in the stability, although it is not enough to decide whether it is purely due to the controlled respiration.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.457-462
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• 2003

The complete nucleotide sequence of a plasmid, pMG1, isolated from Bifidobacterium longum MG1 has been determined. This plasmid, composed of 3,862 base pairs with 65.1% of G+C content. harbors two major open reading frames (ORF) encoding putative proteins of 29 kDa (ORF I) and 71 kDa (ORF II). ORF I showed relatively high amino acid sequence homology with replication proteins of other plasmids from Gr Im-positive and -negative bacteria. Upstream of ORF I, four sets of tandem repeat sequences resembling the iteron structure of related plasmids were found. S1 endonuclease treatment and Southern blot analysis revealed that pMG1 accumulates single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) intermediate, which indicate i the rolling circle replication (RCR) mechanism of this plasmid. Homology search indicated that ORF II encodes plasmid mobilization protein, and the presence of highly conserved oriT sequence in the upstream of this gene supported this assumption. RT-PCR showed that only ORF I is expressed in vivo. Based on these results, pMG 1 was exploited to construct a shuttle vector, pBES2. It was successfully transformed into Bifidobacterium and maintained stably.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.422-430
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• 2000

In order to search for the effects of Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence and nucleotide sequence of spacer region (SD-ATG) on bGH expression, oligonucleotides containing random SD sequences and a spacer region were chemically synthesized. The distance between SD region and initiation codon (ATG) was fixed to 9 nucleotides in length. The expression vectors have been constructed using pT7-1 vector containing a T7 promoter. Positive clones were screened with colony hybridization and named pT7A or pT7B plasmid series. The selected clones were confirmed by DNA sequencing and finally, 19 clones having various SD combinations were obtained. When bovine growth hormone was induced by IPTG in E. coli BL21(DE3), all cells harboring these plasmids produced a detectable level of bGH in western blot analysis. However, various SD sequences did not affect on bGH expression, indicating that the sequences of SD and the spacer region did not sufficiently destabilize mRNA secondary structure of bGH gene. Therefore, these results indicate that the disruption of mRNA secondary structure might be a major factor for regulating bGH expression in the translational initiation process.

• BMB Reports
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.290-293
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• 2005

In order to investigate the epitope of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and its immunogenicity, the epitopes of bFGF were screened from the phage display library with monoclonal antibody GF22, which can neutralize the bio-activity of bFGF. By three rounds of screening, the positive phage clones with bFGF epitopes were selected, which can effectively block the bFGF to bind with GF22. Sequence analysis showed that the epitopes shared a highly conservative sequence (Leu-Pro-Pro/Leu-Gly-His-Phe/Ile-Lys). The sequence of PPGHFK was located at 22-27 of the bFGF. The specific immuno-response of mouse could be highly induced by phage clones with the epitopes. And the anti-bFGF activity induced by LPGHFK was 3 times higher than the original sequence, which showed that the mimetic peptide LPLGHIK might be used as a tumor vaccine in the prevention and treatment of tumor.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.206-212
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• 1997

Heliobacillus mobilis is a strictly anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium which contains a primitive Photosystem I-type reaction center. The membrane-bound cytochrome $C_{553}$ from the heliobacterium suggested to be the immediate electron donor to the photooxidized pigment (P798+) has been isolated and characterized. The heme protein was visualized as a major component with an apparent molecular size of 17kDa in TMBZ-staining analysis of the membrane preparation and showed characteristic $\alpha$ (552.5 nm), $\beta$ (522nm), and Soret absorption (416 nm) peaks of a typical reduced c-type cytochrome in the partially purified sample. The internal 43 amino acid sequence of the electron donor was obtained by chemical agent and protease treatments followed by N-terminal sequencing of the resulting fragments. The internal sequence carries lots of lysine residues and a Cys-X-X-Cys-His sequence motif which are the characteristics of typical c-type cytochromes. The analysis of the sequence by FAST or FASTA program, however, did not show any significant similarity to other known heme proteins.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.767-774
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• 2012

For a positive square-free integer $d$, let $t_d$ and $u_d$ be positive integers such that ${\epsilon}_d=\frac{t_d+u_d{\sqrt{d}}}{\sigma}$ is the fundamental unit of the real quadratic field $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{d})$, where ${\sigma}=2$ if $d{\equiv}1$ (mod 4) and ${\sigma}=1$ otherwise For a given positive integer $l$ and a palindromic sequence of positive integers $a_1$, ${\ldots}$, $a_{l-1}$, we define the set $S(l;a_1,{\ldots},a_{l-1})$ := {$d{\in}\mathbb{Z}|d$ > 0, $\sqrt{d}=[a_0,\overline{a_1,{\ldots},2a_0}]$}. We prove that $u_d$ < $d$ for all square-free integer $d{\in}S(l;a_1,{\ldots},a_{l-1})$ with one possible exception and apply it to Ankeny-Artin-Chowla conjecture and Mordell conjecture.