• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.51-64
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• 2012

This paper provides an efficient dimension reduction algorithm of the positive realization of discrete phase type(DPH) distributions. The relationship between the representation of DPH distributions and the positive realization of the positive system is explained. The dimension of the positive realization of a discrete phase-type realization may be larger than its McMillan degree of probability generating functions. The positive realization with sufficient large dimension bound can be obtained easily but generally, the minimal positive realization problem is not solved yet. We propose an efficient dimension reduction algorithm to make the positive realization with tighter upper bound from a given probability generating functions in terms of convex cone problem and linear programming.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.225-242
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• 2016

The phase-type representation is strongly connected with the positive realization in positive system. We attempt to transform phase-type representation into sparse mono-cyclic positive representation with as low order as possible. Because equivalent positive representations of a given phase-type distribution are non-unique, it is important to find a simple sparse positive representation with lower order that leads to more effective use in applications. A Hypo-Feedback-Coxian Block (HFCB) representation is a good candidate for a simple sparse representation. Our objective is to find an HFCB representation with possibly lower order, including all the eigenvalues of the original generator. We introduce an efficient nonlinear optimization method for computing an HFCB representation from a given phase-type representation. We discuss numerical problems encountered when finding efficiently a stable solution of the nonlinear constrained optimization problem. Numerical simulations are performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze mediating effect of social outcome between value realization efforts and economic outcome of social entrprises. Data for the analysis is collected from Social Enterprise Promotion Agency. The results of anaylsis are first social value realization efforts had no positive effect on economic outcome of the social enterprises. But social outcome had a significant mediating effect between social value realization efforts and economic outcome. Through this, it was confirmed that although a social enterprise is a hybrid organization that must pursue both social and economic outcome, social value realization efforts go through a social outcome that affects economic outcome. mediating social performance This is expected to have implications for the role of social value realization efforts and social outcome in order to increase the economic outcome of social enterprises.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1798-1813
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• 2021

This paper proposes a positive experience design approach for Internet of Things (IoT) intelligent products to improve users' subjective well-being in the fields of artificial intelligence and big data. First, the authors selected six target users and taking the Xiaomi IoT intelligent products for the research objects and conducted a thorough observation on how the target users used IoT intelligent products in their own homes over two weeks via a home-visiting interview, group diary, and focus group. Second, they constructed an individual activities table for the participants' IoT intelligent product experience using a hierarchical task analysis (HTA). Third, two researchers sorted out the sub-tasks of happiness in the HTA table. Finally, the authors found the positive experience design approach of IoT intelligent products. The positive experience design approach of IoT intelligent products is proposed from focusing on the personal pleasure experience to individual life meaningful design and group social relationship design, including individual pleasure experience, personal goal realization, group needs satisfaction and the harmony of group relations. The paper uses the two design examples of an interactive kettle and a harmonious chair to further discuss the feasibility of the design approach. In the era of big data, it is helpful for designers to use this design approach to improve the users' sense of sustainable pleasure, achievement perception of their future goal realization, and the well-being of the group's social relationships.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.55-79
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• 2013

This study primarily focused on the opportunity realization process of a korean venture firm based on university. This research examined the relationship between entrepreneurial intent and organizational learning produced in a sustainable opportunity realization process with technology/market domain shifts. Therefore, this research explores the determinants of sustainable growth of a venture firm at the organizational level and suggests optimal solutions for promoting entrepreneurial intent and opportunity realization for many entrepreneurs. The results showed that CEO's entrepreneurial intent is a key driving factor that can positive impacts on opportunity recognition and organizational learning based on university's expertise. Furthermore, the orientation of a entrepreneur can affect venture's technology/market domain shift through the advanced technological knowledge of university. In conclusion, this research sheds light on the growth of a venture firm based on university suggesting more customized solutions for many entrepreneurs. Implications for the results and the future directions are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.227-239
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to show that yoga psychology aims to actualize the positive potentials in the depth of human mind with the perspective of body-emotion-mind-spirit integration. This approach is described in the context of modern positive psychology. For this purpose, the Self-realization of yoga psychology is discussed, which is to develop one's higher self as a center of psyche apart from one's psychological growth or maturation. An individual can experience positive emotions such as pleasure, joy, happiness and ecstasy through the typical yoga technique of concentration. Happiness is one of the main issues of positive psychology, but yoga psychology called it "ānanda" and divided it further into seven types. The positive emotions of positive psychology seem to be equivalent to positive states of mind in yoga psychology. But yoga regards calmness, tranquility, nonattachment and transcendence as the most valuable virtues for the full actualization of human potentials. From the perspective of yoga psychology, the tranquil state of mind is the wonderful fruit of long and arduous yoga practices. It is the calm and neutral state of mind which is free from all the turmoils of everyday life. Tranquility is beyond the scope of modern positive psychology's issues, but it offers some precious insights to them.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.307-317
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze relationship between effect on social value realization efforts and company performances, focusing on the mediating effect of external-support environment. Data for the analysis is collected from open data source from Social Enterprise Promotion Agency. The results of the analysis are, first the social value realization efforts has positive effect on both social and economic outcome of the social enterprises. External-support environment has influence on both social performance and social value realization efforts. Additional analysis to test mediation effect of external-support environment were carried out by statistical software package, Process for SPSS4.0. Mediation effect could be found between social realization efforts and social performances, however, no evidence could be found on economic performance. The result indicates that social value realization efforts as a social capital has influence on social performance mediated by external-support environment.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.263-282
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the impact of FSSC 22000 food safety management system characteristics on the business performance of food-related companies and to verify the mediating effect of organizational capabilities in the relationship between them. Methods: To achieve this, a survey was conducted among employees of food companies in Seoul and the metropolitan area that have implemented the FSSC 22000 food safety management system, and the following main results were derived. Results: First, the FSSC food safety management system factors, such as measurement/analysis and improve- ment, documentation, management responsibility, and service and product realization, were found to have a significant positive (+) impact on organizational capabilities. The relative impact was in the order of measurement/analysis and improvement, documentation, management responsibility, and service and product realization. Second, organizational capabilities were found to have a significant positive (+) impact on business performance. Third, the FSSC food safety management system factors, such as measurement/analysis and improvement, management responsibility, resource management, and documentation, were found to have a significant positive (+) impact on business performance. The relative impact was in the order of measure- ment/analysis and improvement, management responsibility, resource management, and documentation. Fourth, the factors of management responsibility, resource management, measurement/analysis and improvement, and documentation, excluding resource management factors, were found to have a positive impact on business performance through the mediation of organizational capabilities. Conclusion: The results of this study may provide important implications for the implementation and efficient operation and management of the FSSC 22000 food safety management system in enhancing the business performance of food-related companies.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.165-181
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to use in therapy through considering representative oriental philosophical thought in terms of psychotherapy and Oriental medicine. Methods: This study examines psychotherapy and oriental aspects of "Diagram theory of InShimDoShim" that Yulgok, a Neo-Confucian scholar in the Joseon Dynasty, wrote about action of the mind and suggests ways to use it. Results and Conclusion: Diagram theory of InShimDoShim contains much content that can be applied in psychotherapy. It has a positive perspective of human nature and looked at life as realization of nature and life as subjective self-realization. Positive and negative experiences of life are expressions of positive nature. By reinterpreting these experiences, humans contribute to the goal of life that expresses their nature in a healthy way. Yulgok defines a healthy mind capable of living a good life as "an inshim who listens to doshim's command". Therapists can adopt this mindset as the goal of psychotherapy. Yulgok said that the way of manifesting nature is only possible through energy, and that the clear and tidy of this temperament creates a healthy and unhealthy mind. In this part, it is possible to apply therapeutic intervention of the diagram theory of InShimDoShim and Oriental medicine. Oriental medicine can calm temperament by using a treatment method to regulate energy, and clear energy creates a healthy mind and body. The principle that the mind is composed of nature and energy provides a basis for psychosomatic medicine.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.83-91
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• 2015

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to identify whether the operation of cultural centers in discount stores contributes to their profitability. Thus, this study is aimed at exploring how the lifestyles of customers who use the cultural centers influence their intention to use the discount stores. Specifically, the effect of shopping value on the correlation between the lifestyle types and usage intention of the customers were examined through a structured research model. To verify the effect, a survey on 139 customers of the Cultural Center of Nonghyup Hanaro Club's S branch was conducted and the valid questionnaires were used for analysis. Research design, data, and methodology - The findings are as follows. First, the lifestyles seeking self-realization had a positive effect on utilitarian value, and lifestyles seeking pop cultures had a positive effect on hedonic value. Second, the mediating effect of shopping value on the correlation between the lifestyle types and usage intention of the customers is as follows. Utilitarian value had a mediating effect only on the lifestyles seeking self-realization. In case of lifestyles seeking pop cultures, the use of Cultural Center had no effect on the intention to use the discount store. Third, an analysis of a revised research model revealed that the store usage intention of lifestyles seeking pop cultures can be enhanced by boosting the utilitarian value through hedonic value. Results - The findings suggest the following. Customers with lifestyles seeking self-realization, who value what is beneficial to them with little attention to the perceptions of others, are highly interested in the benefits they can gain from shopping. As for customers with lifestyles seeking pop cultures, they are highly likely to consume products popular in a particular culture such as new products and sports, based on financial stability they pursue. Thus, they prefer more subjective, personal experience, unlike consumers pursuing utilitarian value. Conclusions - As a result, the former pursues hedonic value gained in the process of shopping with fun and joy, rather than doing shopping with a particular purpose in mind. Therefore, Cultural Centers need to offer information that fits the lifestyles of the users so that they are more likely to use the discount stores. However, if the Cultural Centers offer unified, profit-driven products and information, just to increase their store sales, it can backfire, which occurred in the past. On the other hand, if they provide information that fits the lifestyles of the users, it can actually increase the sales. Also, the findings suggest that sophisticated marketing strategies that can boost the hedonic value of customers by linking the educational contents of Cultural Centers to actual shopping, which is beneficial to consumers, should be set and operated by discount stores. In particular, customers with lifestyles seeking self-realization can be encouraged to use the stores by making them recognize the utilitarian value. However, the use of Cultural Centers doesn't necessarily lead to higher sales among customers with lifestyles seeking pop cultures. As mentioned previously, unified marketing strategy is not as effective for Cultural Centers of large discount stores.