• 임상이비인후과
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.190-197
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• 2018

Background and Objectives : Positional OSAS is characterized by an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) score >5, which, while sleeping in the supine position, is double that in non-supine position. This study was performed to compare the clinical characteristics of positional OSAS and non-positional OSAS patients, and the effects of the modified jaw thrust maneuver during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) between positional OSAS and non-positional OSAS patients. Materials and Methods : 68 positional OSAS patients and 19 non-positional OSAS patients were included. They all underwent full-night polysomnography and DISE. The modified jaw thrust maneuver was introduced during DISE. Airway structural changes induced by the modified jaw thrust maneuver were evaluated and documented. Results : There were no statistically significant differences in Friedman stage or tonsil grade, body mass index, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) score, blood pressure, AHI, or obstructive pattern between the positional and non-positional OSAS patients. However, mean arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), lowest SaO2, and total arousal index values were more severe in the non-positional OSAS patients. After introduction of the modified jaw thrust maneuver, retrolingual level obstruction showed a tendency toward a higher rate of airway opening in positional OSAS patients than in non-positional OSAS patients. Conclusions : The effects of a mandibular advancement device (MAD) can be estimated by carrying out a modified jaw thrust maneuver during DISE. The tendency toward a higher rate of airway opening in positional OSAS patients than non-positional OSAS patients in retrolingual level obstruction after jaw thrust maneuver introduced during DISE may be clinically important for MAD.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: Conflicting mechanisms have been reported about spontaneous reversal of positional nystagmus during head-roll maneuver in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). The objective of this study is to review the reports about the characteristics and possible mechanisms of reversing positional nystagmus and to present seven new cases. Subjects and Methods: Seven cases (5 males, 2 females; 4 left-sided, 3 right-sided) were recruited among 732 patients with BPPV seen outpatient clinic between 2009 and 2019. Diagnosis of lateral canal canalolithiasis was confirmed when transient geotropic nystagmus was documented during head-roll test. Reversing positional nystagmus was analyzed in each case and clinical characteristics of the patients were documented. Results: The age of patients was ranging between 30 to 64 years (46.44±10.91). Duration of symptoms was short (21.34±19.74). Six of them had a story of head trauma. Initial latency was short. First, intense geotropic nystagmus was observed following provocative head-roll position on the affected side. There was short "silent phase". Then, a longer second-phase of reversed nystagmus was noted. Total duration of nystagmus was 78.40±6.82 seconds. Maximal slow phase velocity was 24.05±6.34 deg/sec. All patients were cured with barbeque maneuver. Conclusions: Ipsilateral reversing positional nystagmus during head-roll maneuver is due to lateral canal canalolithiasis. Mechanism is likely to be due to endolymphatic double flow. Bilateral cases may be due to simultaneous co-existence of canalolithiasis and cupulolithiasis. Longer recording of nystagmus is recommended not to miss the cases with spontaneous direction-changing positional nystagmus.

• 대한청각학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: Conflicting mechanisms have been reported about spontaneous reversal of positional nystagmus during head-roll maneuver in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). The objective of this study is to review the reports about the characteristics and possible mechanisms of reversing positional nystagmus and to present seven new cases. Subjects and Methods: Seven cases (5 males, 2 females; 4 left-sided, 3 right-sided) were recruited among 732 patients with BPPV seen outpatient clinic between 2009 and 2019. Diagnosis of lateral canal canalolithiasis was confirmed when transient geotropic nystagmus was documented during head-roll test. Reversing positional nystagmus was analyzed in each case and clinical characteristics of the patients were documented. Results: The age of patients was ranging between 30 to 64 years (46.44±10.91). Duration of symptoms was short (21.34±19.74). Six of them had a story of head trauma. Initial latency was short. First, intense geotropic nystagmus was observed following provocative head-roll position on the affected side. There was short "silent phase". Then, a longer second-phase of reversed nystagmus was noted. Total duration of nystagmus was 78.40±6.82 seconds. Maximal slow phase velocity was 24.05±6.34 deg/sec. All patients were cured with barbeque maneuver. Conclusions: Ipsilateral reversing positional nystagmus during head-roll maneuver is due to lateral canal canalolithiasis. Mechanism is likely to be due to endolymphatic double flow. Bilateral cases may be due to simultaneous co-existence of canalolithiasis and cupulolithiasis. Longer recording of nystagmus is recommended not to miss the cases with spontaneous direction-changing positional nystagmus.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical characteristics and polysomnographic results of patients visited the Seoul National University Dental Hospital (SNUDH) and to suggest guidelines for the management of sleep disordered-breathing patients in a dental clinic. Methods: Five hundred sixty-two patients who visited the Snoring and Sleep Apnea Clinic of SNUDH were evaluated for clinical characteristics including associated comorbidities, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), neck circumference, and daytime sleepiness and among them 217 patients were performed nocturnal polysomnography for evaluating respiratory disturbance index, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen saturation levels, and sleep stages. The associations among clinical characteristics, sleep parameters, and positional and rapid eye movement (REM) dependencies of the patients were analyzed. Results: The most common co-morbidities of the patients were cardiovascular (30.2%), endocrine (10.8%), and respiratory diseases (7.9%). Age (${\beta}=0.394$), total AHI (${\beta}=0.223$), and lowest $O_2$ saturation levels (${\beta}=0.205$) were significantly associated with the number of co-morbidities in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Mean $O_2$ saturation was not significantly associated with number of co-morbidities. Non-positional OSA patients had higher BMI, longer neck circumferences, more severe AHI values, and lower mean and lowest $O_2$ saturation levels compared to positional OSA patients. Not-REM-related patients were older and had more severe AHI values compared to REM-related patients. Not-REM-related patients have longer duration of stage I sleep and shorter stage II, III, and REM sleep than REM-related patients. There were no significant differences in each sleep stage between positional and non-positional patients. Neck circumference, positional dependency, REM dependency, and percentage of supine position were significantly associated with severity of OSA. Conclusions: Age, total AHI, and lowest $O_2$ saturation level were significantly associated with the number of co-morbidities in patients with OSA. Neck circumference, positional dependency, REM dependency, and percentage of supine position were significantly associated with severity of OSA.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2014

Morphological and positional characteristics of anchovy aggregations, confirmed by trawling, were examined in two locations of the southern part of theWest Sea (T1) and the western side of South Sea (T11) of South Korea. Morphological characteristics (mean length, height and area) of the anchovy aggregations at T1 were smaller than those at T11, however the positional characteristics (distributional depth and bottom depth) of the aggregations at T1 were larger than those at T11. Diverse dataset such as the ship's cruise track, the cruse map, and interpolated three-dimensional-like water temperature were visualized in multiple dimensions. For a comprehensive understanding of the anchovy aggregations within their surrounding circumstances, the interpolated water temperature transferred to the location of anchovy aggregations at both stations were visualized based on geospatial information. Using quantitative investigation, the overall range of change in water temperature and salinity of anchovy aggregations at stations was considerably small. However, the water temperature and salinity of anchovy aggregations at T11 were somewhat higher than those at T1.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.371-386
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• 2011

Background : Vertigo is a very common complaint in clinical practice. The number of patients who complain of vertigo has been increasing due to rapid growth of the elderly population. This study was designed to review the clinical features and success of oriental medical treatment of positional vertigo. Methods : This observation was made on 70 subjects diagnosed with positional vertigo. They were hospitalized in the Semyung University Oriental Medicine Hospital. Results : The results were as follows 1. Female patients (82.9%) were more than male patients. The most common age group was 8th decade and the patients rapidly increased after the 5th decade of age. 2. The most common past history of positional vertigo was hypertension, the second was cerebral infarction, and the third was hyperlipidemia. 3. In the oriental medicine diagnosis, phlegm-dampness syndrome (痰濕交阻 眩暈) was the most common disease (92.9%), and in western medicine, BPPV was the most (82.9%). 4. In herbal medication, Banhabaekchulchunma-tang gami (45.7%) was the most commonly used, the second being Taeksa-tang (30%). 5. The vertigo score of 94.3% patients improved and none got worse. 6. In general characteristics, men over 64 years improved best. Past history had no effect on the improvement of vertigo. 7. The sooner patients visited hospital after onset, the shorter hospitalization time was. Conclusions : Vertigo attacks patients well in advanced age, with various causative diseases. Oriental medical treatments have considerable effects on positional vertigo, especially treated with Banhabaekchulchunma-tang gami and Taeksa-tang.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.22-26
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• 2012

목 적 : 체위성 수면무호흡은 폐쇄성수면무호흡증으로 진단된 환자에서 앙와위 수면시 apnea-hypopnea index(AHI)가 비앙와위 수면시 AHI에 비해 2배 이상인 경우로 정의하며, 일반적으로 전체 폐쇄성수면무호흡 환자의 56%로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 수면 클리닉을 방문하여 폐쇄성수면무호흡을 진단 받은 환자 중 체위성 수면무호흡의 발생빈도를 알아보고, 체위 의존성에 따른 수면무호흡의 임상 소견 및 수면다원검사를 비교 분석하였다. 방 법 : 코골이 및 목격되는 무호흡으로 내원하여 AHI가 5 이상이면서 앙와위 및 비앙와위 수면 시간이 15분 이상이고, 앙와위 시 AHI가 비앙와위시 AHI에 비하여 2배 이상인 경우를 체위성 수면무호흡으로, 그렇지 않은 경우를 비체위성 수면무호흡으로 분류하였다. 체위 의존성 여부에 따라 인구학적 특성과 수면다원검사에서 나타난 수면 변인 및 호흡 변인을 분석하였다. 결 과 : 폐쇄성수면무호흡으로 진단된 101명 중에서 체위성 수면무호흡 환자는 76명(75.2%), 비체위성 수면무호흡 환자는 25명(24.8%)이었다. 폐쇄성수면무호흡의 중증도별로 체위성 수면무호흡의 유무에 따라 발생빈도가 통계적으로 유의하게 차이가 있었으며, 특히 비체위성 수면무호흡 환자군에서는 중증 환자의 비율이 높았다. 비체위성 수면무호흡환자군이 체위성 환자군에 비하여 체중, 허리둘레, 엉덩이 둘레, 허리-엉덩이 둘레비, 체질량 지수 및 목둘레가 유의하게 더 높았다. 수면다원검사상에서는 체위성 수면무호흡군에서 비교적 수면구조가 잘 유지되었으며 주관적인 졸림도 덜하였다. 비체위성 수면무호흡군에서 체위성 수면무호흡군에 비해 평균산소포화도 및 최저산소포화도가 유의하게 낮았으며 AHI는 통계적으로 유의하게 더 높았다. 결 론 : 폐쇄성수면무호흡 환자중 체위성 수면무호흡 환자의 비율은 75% 정도였으며, 비체위성 수면무호흡 환자에 비해 체위성 수면무호흡 환자는 비만도가 덜 하고 경증 및 중등도의 폐쇄성수면무호흡의 양상을 보이는 것으로 관찰되었다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.291-297
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• 1998

일반적으로 수치지도제작을 수행하기 위해서는 종이에 인쇄된 원도를 컴퓨터상에서 작업할 수 있는 수치자료로 변환하는 자료입력과정과 작업이 끝난 자료를 출력하는 도면출력과정에 입출력장비가 이용된다. 본 연구에서는 수치지도 작업과정에 수반되는 입력장비중 벡터형태의 자료를 직접적으로 생성할 수 있는 장점에 의해 부분 도화된 수정도화 원도의 입력시 주로 이용되는 디지타이저와, 작업의 용이성 에 의해 주로 원도의 입력과정에 이용되는 스캐너에 대해 작업방법 및 입출력장비 특성에 따른 위치오차를 분석하였으며, 출력장비에 따른 위치오차분석에서는 플로터방식과 출력도면의 재질에 따른 위치정확도를 분석하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.259-263
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• 1999

물고기 기름에 대한 Aspergillus oryzae 유래의 Lipolase-100T의 가수분해 특성을 규명하였다. Lipolase-100T는 트리글리세라이드의 1과 3의 위치에 작용하여 이 위치에 결합되어 있는 아실 체인을 유리지방산으로 가수분해시키는 1,3-위채특이성을 보였다. 또한 Lipolase-100T는 물고기 기름을 구성하는 다중불포화지방산 보다 포화지방산을 쉽게 가수분해시키는 특성도 나타내었다. 이 특성으로 인하여 가수분해 시간에 따라서 생성되는 글리세라이드 혼합물내의 다중 불포화 지방산중 n-3 PUFAs인 C16:4, C20:5 및 C22:6의 농도는 모두 증가하였으며 특히 C22:6의 농도증가가 가장 뚜렷하였다. 이 결과로부터 물고기 기름을 구성하는 n-3 PUFAs는 트리글리세라이드의 2번 위치에 결합하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 지방산의 결합위치특이성과 Lipolase-100T 1,3-위치특이성으로 인하여 Lipolase-100T를 반응물의 0.4 wt%사용하여 물고기 기름을 120시간 가수분해 시켰을 때 생성된 글리세라이드 혼합물내의 n-3 PUFAs농도는 50 wt%까지 상승하였다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2018

Objectives: The aims of this study were to analyze the job stress of clinical hygienists according to their positional system and to confirm its relevance. Methods: Seven hundred seventy six clinical dental hygienists participated in this survey. The questionnaire items consisted of general characteristics, working environment, and job stress. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistics ver.23.0 software. Results: Among the job stresses, the stress on the job demands was the highest with 63.4 points, and the stress on interpersonal conflict was the lowest with 34.6 points. The total score of job stress was the highest in the 26-30 year-old age group, and major stress factors in this group were job insecurity, organizational system, and lack of reward. Team members were more stressful about insufficient job control, organizational system, and lack of reward than team managers, while team managers were more likely to score interpersonal conflict. The dental hygienists in the hospitals that did not have the positional system got more stressed in the insufficient job control, organizational system, and lack of reward area. Conclusions: The presence of positional system was related to job demand, insufficient job control, organizational system, and lack of reward. Structural efforts such as establishing a proper positional system in dental clinics will be needed to control job stress in the clinical dental hygienists.