• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.393-403
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• 2022

Various studies suggest that the initial operating form of UAM, which is being presented as a solution to the urban traffic problem, will be similar to VTOL aircraft among current aircraft. In a form similar to determining the direction of the runway where fixed-wing aircraft take off and land, the vertiport where take-off and landing of VTOL aircraft takes place determines the flight direction of departure and arrival in consideration of the direction of the wind. Unlike areas where airports are generally built, in the case of downtown areas, it is expected that the characteristics of wind may continuously change depending on the environment of changing terrain or obstacles such as the construction of new buildings. In this study, long-term actual observation data for reviewing the take-off and landing directions at the city center where the location of the vertiport is expected are compared using a wind speed map, and the characteristics of the ground wind and the possibility of change in the direction of the predominant wind depending on the observation period and observation location confirmed.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.351-368
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• 2009

The internal structure of gateway city is to be influenced by the external relations. The purpose of this study is to examine the transportation impacts on the spatial characteristics of gateway cities in the Geum River basin, Korea. The changes of the transportation is classified by the commodity, the rice flow, and the functions of the gateway are examined in Gunsan-Si and Ganggyeong-Eup. Major findings of the study are as follows. First, the water and land transports in the gateways are connected or not. In the flow of the rice, the Gunsan gateway is connected, while the Ganggyeong is not. The difference is reflected in the location of the port and railway station. In the flow of marine products and salt, the Ganggyeong gateway is connected, while the Gunsan is not. Second, there had been separated or not in the location of the ports of the marine products and the rice. They are separated in the Gunsan, while not separated in the Ganggyeong. The results imply that there are to be difference between the two ports after the gateway of rice.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.129-154
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• 2006

Last year, over 800 Australian live cattle were imported, underwent quarantine procedure for one month in the port of Incheon and Busan and distributed to general farm house holds in Gyeongju city, Gyeongbuk province, and Gimhae city, Namhae county, Gyeongnam province. But Hanwoo association took violent actions to prevent from entering the country for fear that the imported live cattle would destroy the 'Hanwoo industry', and in turn leads to the collapse of the industry. In Australia, national animal protection body 'Animals Australia' investigated the level of cruelty involved in this trade and made a report 'The death file'. Australia governments drive to expand Its market for 'live animal exports' and it has resulted in a corresponding increase In casualties associated with the long-haul overseas trade in live livestock animals over the past years. After the stress of transportation, all the surviving cattle and sheep face death on foreign soil, many into countries which have no animal welfare laws or, at best, inadequate laws. They will usually be killed without pre-stunning and often even without adequate restraint facilities. The result is inherent and persistent suffering. West Australian(WA) Police acting on behalf of the West Australian Government and the Office of the WA State Solicitor have laid animal cruelty charges against a leading WA live export company for breaching the WA Animal Welfare Act. With the aim of eventually substituting it for the live sheep trade, the Senate Select Committee on Animal Welfare (SCCAW) recommended that the Federal Government 'promote and encourage the expansion of the refrigerated sheep meat trade to the Middle East and other countries'. Animal welfare standards have been improved time after time, there is another incident, another public outcry, another inquiry and more assurances.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.383-392
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• 2022

Mokpo is a port city in the southwest of the Korean Peninsula. The popular song "Tears of Mokpo" is a song planted in the hearts of the entire nation. In this content, there are Yudalsan Mountain and Samhakdo Island in Mokpo, and people vaguely know this area, but it is a familiar place. In particular, Samhakdo Island is a representative brand that symbolizes Mokpo and is a place with regional identity. Mokpo City is creating many facilities infrastructure to develop Samhakdo Island. It is a stepping stone for converting the local economy into a tourism industry. However, the development of performance contents for the soft power of local culture is weak. In this respect, this study presented performance contents for Samhakdo Island, Mokpo's representative brand, for local tourism attractiveness. The research progress is a study on planning and researching performance contents using the location of Samhakdo Island in Mokpo. First, the background of the theory of performance content planning based on local placeability was examined. Next, Samhakdo Island in Mokpo proposed planning for performance contents.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.62-74
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• 2015

This study was carried out to provide examples of planting methods for the construction of street green spaces with abundant greenery by analyzing road type, surrounding land use and planting structures in street green spaces on Port Island, Kobe, Japan. Port Island_(total area: 826ha) is a marine cultural city located in Japan's first artificial island with facilities of urban function and port facilities. The study site was designated at 11 plots of $55{\sim}285m^2$ on Port Island, and topography structure styles were divided into four types with mounding style, slope style, slope and flat style, flat style according to the adjacent roads width. The area adjacent to the middle roads with high levels of noise and pollution set up the mounding style, slope style, slope and flat style of multi-layer structures using topographic properties. The area adjacent to small roads focused on a green strip with shrubs on a flat style. Surrounding land-uses include a public institution, housing complex, and a commercial building. The planting concept was a buffer and landspace function in case of the middle road_(lane 4) while the small road_(lane 2) was a landspace function. Planting species were diverse with Liquidambe formosana, Cinnamomum camphora, Sapium sebiferum, Cedrela sinensis, Laeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus, Ginkgo biloba, Prunus serrulata var. spontanea, Zelkova serrata, Quercus glauca, Juniperus chinensis, Magnolia kobus, Rhododendron spp., Camellia japonica, Abelia mosanensis, etc. Planting density was 0.02~0.08(0.04) individual/$m^2$ at the canopy layer, 0.02~0.08(0.04) individual/$m^2$ at the understory layer. Ratio of green coverage was 40.0~173.7(93.0)% at the canopy layer, 2.1~79.8(34.9)% at the understory layer and 17.9~64.2(32.9)% at the shrub layer. $Gr{\ddot{u}}volumenzahl$ was $1.43{\sim}6.67(4.13)m^3/m^2$ at the canopy layer, $0.02{\sim}2.01(0.85)m^3/m^2$ at the understory layer and $0.14{\sim}0.58(0.26)m^3/m^2$ at the shrub layer. The ratio of green coverage of street green space on Port Island was higher than that of Seoul, and particularly, the ratio of green coverage and $gr{\ddot{u}}volumenzahl$ at the shrub layer differed, compared to the main street green space in Korea. The result of this study may be applicable to other coastal reclaimed cities in terms of setting methods for street greenery considering the topography structure, planting structure and planting function.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2007.12a
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• pp.141-142
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• 2007

In recent years, the rate of mean sea level rise is increasing rapidly from the phenomena of global warming, together with the increasing trend of the storm scale. The issue of sea level rise is multifaceted and produces a range of environmental problems. Especially, high tides and the tidal currents become higher, and wave base increases, so the energy received at the coastal boundary may increase. This brings that many coastal environments go into disequilibrium, such as damages to the structures, erosion, and deposition Similarly it was known that the problems of nearshore processes and damage of berth and counter facilities during storm period had appeared at the small fishery port. Here we try to analyze the impact of the rearrangement of counter facilities and berth layout adopted for tranquility of its'inner harbor. Because this harbor is being connected to channel and open sea, the rearrangement of the structures might affect to the current speed and direction and wave height, so do to the sea bottom undulation. Therefore, we made model test for the several layouts of the berth and breakwater in this area.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.99-122
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• 2013

International Exposition Yeosu Korea 2012 was held from May 12th 2012 to August 12th 2012 in New Port area of Yeosu-city, Jeollanam-do, Korea. 105 Nations and 10 international organizations participated in this mega event, and the total number of visitors amounts to 8.2 million. This study appraises the effectiveness of preparation for Yeosu Exposition. The main focus of this study is not on criticizing the problems that occurred in the transport measures. Instead, it looks at the current aspects of establishment and execution process and suggests how they can be applied differently in future transport management for international mega events held in Korea. The suggestions of this study are as follows. First, when establishing transport management plans for international mega events, the geographical features and trip resistance of the venue must be taken into consideration. Second, tasks should be distributed distinctly between the central government and the local government in order to prevent any dissension or inefficiency. Third, transport management needs to be consistent and transport guidance should be efficient in an effort to minimize visitor inconvenience. Last, transport management must be regarded as objective and rational from the outside view and the budget should follow timely based on this account.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.496-505
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• 2020

In the previous research, the effectiveness of resonator was confirmed through the numerical analysis on two cases with the use of existing resonator at the Mukho and Imwon ports located in the eastern coast of South Korea by discussing the reduction rates of 1983 Central East Sea tsunami, and 1993 Hokkaido Southwest off tsunami, respectively. In this study, the reduction rates of tsunami height with three different resonators, Type I, II-1, and II-2, at the Samcheok port were examined respectively through the numerical analysis using COMCOT model under the same condition as the previous study. It was discussed the spatial distribution of maximum height of tsunami, change of water level, and effectiveness of resonator with the presence of new types of resonator, and change of their sizes. As a result, the effectiveness of resonator was verified through the application of new types of resonator reducing about maximum 40% of tsunami height. In order to design the optimal resonator for the variety of site condition, it is necessary to research about the various cases applying different shape, arrangement, and size of resonator as further study.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.269-274
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• 2007

The corrosion of steel in concrete is significant in marine environment. Salt damage is one of the most detrimental causes to concrete bridges and port structures. Especially, the splash and tidal zones around water line are comparatively important in terms of safety and life-time point of view. During the last several decades, cathodic protection (cp) has been commonly accepted as an effective technique for corrosion control in concrete structures. Zn-mesh sacrificial anode has been recently developed and started to apply to the bridge column cp in marine condition. The detailed parameters regarding Zn-mesh cp technique, however, have not well understood so far. This study is to investigate how much Zn-mesh cp influences along the concrete column at elevated temperature. About 100 cm column specimens with eight of 10 cm segment rebars have been used to measure the variation of cp potential with the distance from Zn-mesh anode at both $10^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$ in natural seawater. The cp potential change and current diminishment along the column specimens have been discussed for the optimum design of cp by Zn-mesh sacrificial anode.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.183-194
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• 2008

An important historical monument of Cyprus is an aqueduct that was built in 1747 to provide water to the city of Larnaca and to its port. Because of its importance to the cultural heritage of Cyprus, the aqueduct has been selected as one of the case-study monuments in the project Wide-Range Non-Intrusive devices toward Conservation of Historical Monuments in the Mediterranean Area (WIND-CHIME). Detailed drawings of the aqueduct obtained from the Department of Antiquities of Cyprus have been used for the development of a computational model. The model was fine-tuned through the measurement of the dynamic characteristics of the aqueduct using forced and ambient vibrations. It should be noted that measurement of the dynamic characteristics of the structure were performed twice in a period of three years (June of 2004 and May of 2007). Significant differences were noted and they are attributed to soil structure interaction effects due to seasonal variations of the water-level in a nearby salt-lake. The system identification results for both cases are presented here. This monument was used to test the effectiveness of shape memory alloy (SMA) pre-stressed devices, which were developed during the course of the project, in protecting it without spoiling its monumental value.