• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.437-447
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• 2023

By actively adopting technologies from the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the port industry is trending toward new types of ports, such as automated and smart ports. However, behind the development of these ports, there is an increasing risk of cyber security incidents and threats within ports and container terminals, including information leakage through cargo handling equipment and ransomware attacks leading to disruptions in terminal operations. Despite the necessity of research to enhance cyber security within ports, there is a lack of such studies in the domestic context. This study focuses on Busan Port, a representative port in South Korea that actively incorporates technology from the Fourth Industrial Revolution, in order to discover variables for improving cyber security in container terminals. The research results categorized factors for enhancing cyber security in Busan Port's container terminals into network construction and policy support, standardization of education and personnel training, and legal and regulatory factors. Subsequently, multiple regression analysis was conducted based on these factors, leading to the identification of detailed factors for securing and enhancing safety, reliability, performance, and satisfaction in Busan Port's container terminals. The significance of this study lies in providing direction for enhancing cyber security in Busan Port's container terminals and addressing the increasing incidents of cyber security attacks within ports and container terminals.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.113-118
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• 2005

최근 RFID 기술의 급속한 확산은 기존 인식매체의 한계를 극복하고, 기업 및 산업 전반에 새로운 혁신을 가져올 것으로 예상된다, 특히 항만물류산업의 경우 RFID 기술이 적용될 경우 많은 파급효과를 가져올 것으로 예상된다. 우리나라에서는 정부의 각종 시범사업을 통해 RFID 기술을 항만물류산업에 도입하려 하고 있으나 현실적인 개선과제 및 표준화 등에 대한 연구 부족 등으로 많은 어려움을 겪고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 문헌 조사와 현업 조사 분석을 통해 단위 업무별 공통 사용 데이터를 도출하여 RFID 국제표준을 준용하는 항만물류산업의 RFID 데이터 표준안을 제시하고자 한다. 향후 본 연구는 현재 진행되고 있는 국가표준안 수립에 적극 활용되어 세계 RFID 시장에서 우리나라의 위상을 높이고 기타 응용분야 국제 표준 규격 제정 시 우리나라의 입지 개선에 큰 역할을 해줄 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.409-414
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• 2017

In point of fact, there is a lack of explicit models that explain how services are perceived and evaluated by consumers who use them; present research on service quality has begun as a measure to complement this development. In this study, we applied the service quality model of PZB model based on Parasuraman et al.(1988) and the BNC model based on Brady and Cronin(2001), and compared the superiorities of each model. As a result of analyzing the questionnaire provided for terminal users, the BNC model is more superior than the PZB model. The increase in the number of factors led to an increase in the provided information, as a result of this, the model's explanatory power seems to be high. The results of this study may be different according to the characteristics of the industry, but we hope that the results presented in this study will lead to the expansion of the scope of research for the port loading and unloading business in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.138-139
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• 2019

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, automated technology innovation is emerging, and container terminals are being developed to introduce automation equipment and systems. With the advent of ultra-large vessels, terminals around the world are seeking to build port infrastructure by combining automated technology in order to attract more cargo and to enhance competitiveness to provide prompt service. To introduce automated technology that is emerging as a high-tech industry, this study proposes a structural equation model for the decision to introduce automated container terminal and conducts a questionnaire survey on workers engaged in terminal operators for empirical analysis. This paper presents the role and direction of guidelines for introduction of automated container terminal through decision model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.263-272
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• 2004

전 세계 항만은 급속히 변화하는 환경에 적응하고, 경쟁국가 항만보다 앞서나가기 위한 노력을 지속적으로 경주하고 있는 실정이다. 주목할 만한 세계항만의 변화는 연평균 $8.4\%$씩 증가 추세에 있는 전 세계 물동량 및 선박의 대형화 즉, 현재 8,000TEU급 선박은 물론 12,000TEU급 선박까지 출현하는 현실을 들 수 있다. 이외에도 인건비 상승, 항만관련 기술 환경의 변화와 같은 환경적 변화가 급격히 일어나고 있는 실정이다. 국내의 경우도 2000년 현재 912만TEU 수준인 물동량이 2011년에는 1,318만 TEU로 증가할 것으로 전망하고 있는데 이는 2000년 현재의 3배 수준이고, 인건비 또한 컨테이너터미널 비용의 $40\%$이상을 차지하는 둥 다양한 어려움을 겪고 있다. 따라서 국내 특히 부산항만은 이러한 환경변화에 대응할 수 있는 컨테이너터미널 시설이 필요한데 이를 위해서는 현재의 시설은 최대한 활용하면서 생산성의 극대화는 물론 비용 절감을 위한 방안이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 국외 선진 자동화 컨테이너터미널의 야드 운영현황을 파악하여 요인도출 및 이러한 결과를 토대로 국내 의 경우 어떠한 부분들을 자동화하는 것이 가장 효과적인지에 관한 대안을 도출한다. 도출된 대안별로 초기 투자비 및 운영비에 대한 현재가치를 제시하여 의사결정자의 의사결정 시 참고할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 이러한 연구는 현재 국내 컨테이너터미널이 향후 자동화로 전 환할 때 중요한 기준이 될 수 있으며 항만에 관한 국가 정책수립 시에도 중요한 참고자료로서 활용가능하다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.125-132
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• 2017

The development project of Busan New Port aims to be Logistics Hub Port but there are too many things to deal with ; enlargement of harbour, interport competition, modernization of harbour loading equipment and so on. At present, 23 berths of North and South container quay are in operation and 22 berths will be constructed on west and south-side by 2020. Namely, Busan New Port will operate 45 berths in 2020. When it comes to port distripark, a large-scale of Port distripark project is underway, such as Ung-Dong district 1,2 phase, West container 1,2phase, North distripark and so on. This study is to deduce traffic system problem of Busan New Port which is caused by the development project through predicting traffic need considering the development project. According to study, there are three main problems of traffic system : 1. traffic congestion caused on main crossroad, connecting second harbour back road. 2. It has been predicted that South-North road and traffic capacity of New Port road would lack compared to traffic volume-to-be-increased. Moreover, the detour volume of traffic is caused because New Port's 1st avenue and route 2 were not connected directly. Thus, this study suggests three kinds of improvement plan for smoother traffic flow. 1st. Operate roundabout on major intersection, for example, second harbour back road, west container wharf's subway corridors(South to North), and permit only right turn on sub-intersection. 2nd. Extend New Port road(North container's port road) by utilizing side walk and median. 3rd. Install exit ramp which utilizes Route 2 connecting New Port's 1st avenue and local road 1042. The method we used to analyze the effect of improvement is Vissim of Mircro Simulation Package.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.57-58
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• 2010

This aims to independent operation system for ATC which works for a yard in a container terminal automatically. Many intelligent algorithms have been developed and studied for TOS - Terminal Operation System - in existing container terminals. So, TOS has been getting overloaded for development, maintenance, and repair. Moreover, if new equipment are introduced for container terminal, the TOS for container terminal would be renewed whole system. Despite of its necessity, studies have been introduced insufficiently. As a result, this paper represents the concept of independent which connects between TOS and equipments so that it can perform planning, indicating, monitoring, control and etc.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2023

Recently, the increase of international trade volume is leading to risk exposure and safety accidents in the port terminal industry. In addition, as Serious Disaster Punishment Act came into effect on January, 2021, various guidelines and laws to protect safety and life in port terminals are being enacted. However, despite these efforts, medium-to-large safety accidents in the port terminal industry have occurred. According to the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, from 2016 to 2019, the number of casualties in the port handling industry increased by 4.2%. To build some effective follow-up management of port accidents and preparation of related safety laws/systems, a risk analysis in consideration of causes and damage of accidents should be conducted. Therefore, in this study, major risk factors and preventive measures were derived by conducting risk assessment based on 1,039 cases of port terminal accidents collected by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency for five years. Priorities for preventive measures were then determined through IPA analysis, Borich needs analysis, and The Locus For Focus analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.131-142
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• 2000

Facility layout is the early stage of system design that requires a mid-term or long-term plan. Since improper facility layout might incur substantial logistics cost including material handling and re-installment costs, due consideration must be given to decisions on facility layout. Facility layout is concerned with low to arrange equipment necessary for production in a given space. Its objective is to minimize the sum of all the products of each equipment's amount of flow multiplied by distance. Facility layout also is related to the issue of NP-complete, i.e., calculated amounts exponentially increase with the increase of the number of equipment. This study discusses Hybrid GA developed, as an algorithm for facility layout, to solve the above-mentioned problems. The algorithm, which is designed to efficiently place equipment, automatically produces a horizontal passageway by the block, if a designer provides the width and length of the space to be handled. In addition, this study demonstrates the validity of the Algorithm by comparing with existing algorithms that have been developed. We present a Hybrid GA approach to the facility layout problem that improves on existing work in terms of solution quality and method. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is able to produce better solution quality and more practical layouts than the ones obtained by applying existing algorithms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.191-192
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• 2019

The transport market has continued to change to provide services for each cargo. Currently, tank containers are widely used for the transport of liquids, and the tank container transportation market is continuously growing. Accordingly, the demand for handling for tank containers is also increasing. The purpose of this study is to suggest the improvement of transportation process and management method based on the case analysis of the current tank container transportation market. Therefore, this is paper suggests that an integrated system is needed to eliminate the period of information disconnection, secure information continuity, and improve the efficiency of managing dangerous goods.