• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.853-856
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• 2005

A low water/cement ratio leads to autogenous shrinkage of cement paste at an early age. This autogenous shrinkage is related to the change of relative humidity in the pore structure that is formed during the hydration process. The relationship between autogenous shrinkage and relative humidity change are relatively well defined today, but the effects of temperature on autogenous shrinkage, relative humidity, and pore structures have been studied less systematically. This study focused on correlating alterations of these properties of cement paste hydrated at constant temperatures of 20, 40, and $60^{\circ}C$. The test results clearly indicate that increasing curing temperature resulted in increased porosity, particularly for pores between 5 to 50 nm as measured by MIP, and increased autogenous shrinkages, as a consequence of a reduction of relative humidity at early ages.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.197-204
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• 1993

Pipe drainage is one of the effective slope protein works that can be adopted practically. As fine soil particles are suspended in percolating water, the strainer structure of under drain pipes in necessary to prevent the immediate clogging by soil suspension flow. This study deals with the effective strainer structure of under drain pipes for slope protection. The effective strainer structure of under pipes is the funneled strainer in which pore radius is enlarged toward flow direction. It is designed from the rheological properties of soil suspension flow which prevents the immediate clogging. Experimental results showed that the pipe drain discharge through the funneled strainers was larger than that through the constant pore radius strainers. This theorectial and experimental results indicate that the strainer with enlarged pore radius toward flow direction, is more effective than the strainer with constant pore radius.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2009

N-Halamines are compounds which have covalent bonding between nitrogen and halogen. N-Halamine materials possess strong antimicrobial properties against wide spectrum of bacteria. The aim of this study is to prepare N-halamine membranes using m-aramid and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Surface characteristics using scanning electron microscope (SEM), pore size distribution, liquid permeability and mean pore size were measured to confirm feasibility as membrane. The results indicated that increased PYA portion up to 15% in the m-aramid/PVA blend resulted in improved pore size distribution, liquid permeability as well as mean pore size. Furthermore, antibacterial efficacy of the membranes after chlorination was confirmed and the results showed that bacteria in water were inactivated.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2000

A multi-region model for solute transport through saturated soils has been developed to describe preferential flow. The model consists of numerous discrete pore groups, which are characterized by a discrete dispersion coefficient, flow velocity, and porosity . The hydraulic properties for each pore group are derived from a soil's hydraluic conductivity and soil water characteristic functions . Flow in pore group is described by the classical advection-disersion equation (ADE). An implict finite difference scheme was applied to the governing equation that results in a block-tridiagonal system of equations that is very efficient and allows the soil to be divided into any number of pore groups. The numerical technique is derived from methods used to solve coupled equations in fluid dynamics problems and can also be applied to the transport of interacting solutes. The results of the model are compared to the experimental data from published papers. This paper contributes on the characteristics of the method when applied to the parallel porosity model to describe preferential flow of solutes in soil.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2022

The rheological and penetration characteristics of sodium alginate and xanthan gum aqueous solutions were analyzed for the development of biopolymer-based injection materials. The results of viscosity measurements for the rheological characteristics analysis show that all aqueous biopolymer solutions exhibit a tendency for shear-thinning, i.e., the apparent viscosity decreases as the shear rate increases. In addition, a regression analysis using several models (Power-law, Casson, Sisko, and Cross) was applied to the shear-thinning fluid analysis results, the highest accuracy was determined by applying the power-law model. The micromodel experiment for the penetration characteristics analysis determined that all biopolymer aqueous solutions show higher pore saturation than water, and that pore saturation tends to increase as the flow rate and concentration increases. When comparing the rheological and penetration characteristics of the biopolymer aqueous solution used in this study, the xanthan gum aqueous solution showed a fully developed shear-thinning tendency, unlike the sodium alginate aqueous solution. This tendency is considered to have the advantage of enhancement injectability and pore saturation.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2020년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.147-148
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• 2020

In case of high temperature damage such as fire, the durability of concrete is reduced due to the collapse of internal pore tissue. Therefore, in this paper, we are going to analyze the pore structure of cement paste hardening agent using MIP analysis and build up 3D data produced using X-ray CT tomography. The test specimen is made of cement paste from W/C 0.4. As the temperature of heating increased, the amount of air gap and the diameter of air gap in cement paste increased. It is judged that the air gap structure inside cement collapsed due to the evaporation of the hydrate, gel count, capillary water, etc. inside the cement due to the high temperature.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.1066-1072
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• 1999

고기능성 건설재료로 활용하기 위하여 불포화폴리에스테르수지를 사용한 폴리머 콘크리트의 물성에 대하여 조사하였다. 탄산칼슘(충전제)의 첨가량(5~20 wt %)과 세골재의 첨가량(10~50 wt %)에 따라 다양한 배합의 공시체를 제작하여 압축 및 휨강도, 흡수시험, 내열수성시험, 내산성시험, 세공분포측정 및 SEM에 의한 미세조직 관찰등을 실시하였다. 그 결과 폴리머 콘크리트의 압축강도와 휨강도는 시멘트 콘크리트보다 4배 정도 향상되었고, 흡수율은 1/100로 감소되었으며, 내산성시험에 의한 중량감소율은 1/27로 현저히 감소되었다. 내열수성시험후에 측정한 폴리머 콘크리트의 압축 및 휨강도는 모두 내열수성시험전에 측정한 강도에 비하여 67%, 47%로 각각 감소되었으며 폴리머결합재의 분해에 의하여 세공량과 세공율은 크게 증가되었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2003

우리나라에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 화강풍화토 사면에서 강우침투로 인한 사면파괴는 통상 지하수위 위쪽의 얕은 깊이에서 발생한다. 지하수위 위쪽 지반의 간극수압은 대기압에 대하여 음의 값을 갖는다. 이러한 모관흡수력의 존재와 크기는 사면의 안정성에 크게 기여하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서, 계절적 강우에 의한 풍화토 사면의 얕은 파괴기구(failure mechanism)를 규명하기 위해서는 비포화대에서의 모관흡수력 분포를 예측하는 것이 필수적이다. 이 연구에서는 2001년 6월부터 8월까지 화강풍화토 사면에서 모관흡수력 및 체적함수비를 현장 모니터링 하였으며, 대상지반에 대한 투수해석을 수행하였다. 현장 모니터링 결과, 기후조건의 영향력은 깊이에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 강우침투에 의한 지반내 모관흡수력의 감소는 강우량 및 강우지속시간 뿐만 아니라 강우직전의 모관흡수력 분포에도 큰 영향을 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 모니터링된 모관흡수력과 체적함수비를 이용하여 현장 흙-수분특성을 얻을 수 있었는데 습윤경로(wetting path)에 가까운 분포를 보였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.1159-1168
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• 2020

The conduits of agricultural reservoirs undergo deterioration over a considerable period of time and this is highly likely to cause structural problems such as cracks. It is therefore important to consider the effects of structural defects on the body from the viewpoint of stability and maintenance of the embankment. In this study, basic data on the effects of the crack location on the stability of the embankment is obtained by identifying, comparing, and analyzing the erosion characteristics and pore water pressure behavior through a large-scale model experiment that involves classifying the location of the conduit cracks. From the results of the experiment, it was confirmed that when a crack occurred, the amount of leakage increased as the location of the crack portion was closer to the water level, and the internal erosion phenomenon accelerated, thereby increasing the possibility of piping. It was also found that an upstream conduit crack affects the erosion and water pressure change of the central and downstream conduit of the embankment, and the conduit crack has a very large effect on the pore water pressure despite the low upstream water level. Therefore, the seepage behavior of the embankment for each conduit crack identified in this study is considered to be useful basic data for preparing a repair and reinforcement plan according to the crack location in the future.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.125-137
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• 2024

In paste backfill mining, cemented coal gangue-fly ash backfill (CGFB) can effectively utilize coal-based solid waste, such as gangue, to control surface subsidence. However, given the pressurized water accumulation environment in goafs, CGFB is subject to coupling effects from water pressure and chloride ions. Therefore, studying the influence of pressurized water on the chlorine salt erosion of CGFB to ensure green mining safety is important. In this study, CGFB samples were soaked in a chloride salt solution at different pressures (0, 0.5, 1.5, and 3.0 MPa) to investigate the chloride ion transport characteristics, hydration products, micromorphology, pore characteristics, and mechanical properties of CGFB. Water pressure was found to promote chloride ion transfer to the CGFB interior and the material hydration reaction; enhance the internal CGFB pore structure, penetration depth, and chloride ion content; and fill the pores between the material to reduce its porosity. Furthermore, the CGFB peak uniaxial compression strain gradually decreased with increasing soaking pressure, whereas the uniaxial compressive strength first increased and then decreased. The resulting effects on the stability of the CGFB solid-phase hydration products can change the overall CGFB mechanical properties. These findings are significant for further improving the adaptability of CGFB for coal mine engineering.