• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.245-253
• /
• 2004

본 연구는 육계사료 내 rPST-yeast culture의 첨가 급여가 육계의 성장성적, 도체 특성 및 골격발달 등에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해 수행하였다. 2일령의 Ross 육용종 수평아리 460수를 공시하여 항생제, rPST-yeast culture 및 yeast culture가 첨가되지 않은 대조구 사료와 대조구 사료에 항생제(chlorotetracycline)만을 $0.1\%$ 수준으로 첨가한 실험사료(T1), rPST-yeast culture를 각각 $0.1\%$ 및 $0.2\%$ 수준으로 첨가한 실험사료(T2 및 T3) 및 yeast culture만을 $0.2\%$수준으로 첨가한 실험사료(T4)를 각각 6주간 급여하였다. 사료섭취량과 증체량은 주 단위로 조사하였다. 실험 5주차 종료 시에 각 처리구별로 10수씩 선발하여 도살하였고, 간, 비장, 복강지방 및 가슴근육의 상대적 중량과 가슴근육의 화학적 조성을 측정하였다. 혈액 내 GOT와 GPT 수치, 총 콜레스테롤, Ca 및 P을 측정하였으며, 경골의 중량, 파쇄 강도, 회분 함량, Ca및 P 함량을 측정하였다. 증체량은 대조구에 비하여 rPST-yeast culture를 $0.1\%$ 첨가한 실험구에서 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 사료섭취 량 및 사료요구율은 처리구간 큰 차이가 없었다. 비장 및 복강 지방의 상대적 중량은 실험구간 유의한 차이가 관찰되지 않았으나, 간과 가슴근육의 상대적 중량은 처리간에 유의한 차이가 관찰되었는데,특히 T2처리구에서 가슴근육의 상대적 중량이 대조구에 비해 유의하게 증가하는 결과가 관찰되었다(p<0.05). 가슴 근육 내 조단백질 및 조지방 함량에 처리구간에 큰 차이는 없었으나, 수분 함량은 대조구에 비해 rPST-yeast culture와 SC yeast culture 첨가 급여구에서 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.05). 혈청 내 GOT 수치는 변화가 없었으나, GPT수치는 rPST-yeast culture 첨가 급여 후에 유의하게 감소하는 결과가 얻어졌다(P<0.05). 혈중 총 콜레스테롤, Ca 및 P 농도는 처리간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 경골중량, 파쇄강도 및 화학적 성분 조성에서도 처리간에 큰 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과로부터 사료 내 rPST-yeast culture의 첨가급여에 의해 육계에서 성장성적이 향상될 가능성이 제시되었고, 특히 가슴근육이 증가와 같은 긍정적인 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제18권12호
• /
• pp.1701-1707
• /
• 2005

This study deals with the characterization of porcine PIK3C3 and association tests with quantitative traits. PIK3C3 belongs to the class 3 PI3Ks that participate in the regulation of hepatic glucose output, glycogen synthase, and antilipolysis in typical insulin target cells such as those in the such as liver, muscle system, and fat. On the analysis of full-length mRNA sequence, the length of the PIK3C3 CDS was recorded as 2,664 bps. As well, nucleotide and amino acid identities between human and pig subjects were 92% and 99%, respectively. Five SNPs were detected over 5 exons. We performed genotyping by using a SNP C2604T on exon24 for 145 F$_2$ animals (from a cross between Korean native boars and Landrace sows) by PCR-RFLP analysis with Hpy8I used to investigate the relationship between growth and fat depot traits. In the total association analysis, which doesn' consider transmission disequilibrium, the SNP showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on body weight and carcass fat at 30 weeks of age as well as a highly significant effect (p<0.01) on back fat. In an additional sib-pair analysis, C allele still showed positive and significant effects (p<0.05) on back fat thickness and carcass fat. Moreover, the effects of C allele on the means of within-family components for carcass fat and back fat were estimated as 2.76 kg and 5.07 mm, respectively. As a result, the SNP of porcine PIK3C3 discovered in this study could be utilized as a possible genetic marker for the selection of pigs that possess low levels of back fat and carcass fat at the slaughter weight.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.347-354
• /
• 2007

본 연구에서는 축산 식품으로 소고기, 돼지고기, 닭고기를 선택하고, 수산 식품으로는 광어와 뱀장어를 선택하여 축 수산 식품 중에 잔류하는 노보비오신의 신속하고 간단한 고속액체크로마토그래피(HPLC) 분석법을 확립하였다. 각 대상 조직시료 일정량에 메탄올을 가하여 균질화한 후, 헥산 용매를 가하여 분석에 방해가 되는 지용성 불순물을 추출 제거하였다. 남은 액을 질소 기류 하에서 완전 건고하고, 여기에 이동상을 가하여 재분산한 후, $0.45{\mu}m$ syringe filter로 여과하고, 이 중 $20{\mu}L$를 HPLC에 주입하였다. HPLC 칼럼으로 phenyl hexyl 칼럼($4.6{\times}150mm$, $5{\mu}m$)을 사용하였고, 이동상으로는 아세토니트릴과 10 mM 인산수소나트륨(monobasic sodium phosphate, pH 2.5)의 혼액(50/50, v/v)을 사용하였으며, 유속은 1.0 mL/min, UV 검출 파장은 254 nm이었다. 각 대상 조직시료에 $0.5{\sim}5{\mu}g/g$의 농도 범위로 표준품을 가하고 검량선을 작성한 결과, 상관계수($r^2$)는 모든 조직 시료에서 CODEX 기준에 적합한 직선성($r^2$ > 0.95)을 보였으며, 정량한계는 $0.5{\mu}g/g$이었다. 각 조직별 평균 회수율은 소 등심 시료가 99.8%, 돼지 삼겹살 시료가 102.4%, 닭 가슴살 시료가 91.0%, 광어 살코기 시료가 104.0%, 뱀장어 살코기 시료가 93.0 %이었다. CODEX 기준을 참조하여 분석법에 대한 검증을 실시한 결과, 양호한 직선성, 정밀성, 정확성 및 회수율을 얻었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제18권11호
• /
• pp.1519-1523
• /
• 2005

By screening a subtracted cDNA library constructed with mRNA obtained from the longissimus dorsi muscles of F1 hybrids Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire and their Yorkshire female parents, we isolated two partial sequences coding for the H3-K4-specific methyltransferase (KIAA1717) and skeletal muscle myosin regulatory light chain (HUMMLC2B) genes. In the present work we investigated two SNPs, one (C1354T) at the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of KIAA1717 and one (A345G) at the SINE (PRE-1) element of HUMMLC2B, in a resource population derived from crossing Chinese Meishan and Large White pig. The selected pigs were genotyped by means of a PCR-RFLP protocol. Significant associations were observed for the KIAA1717 C1354T polymorphic site with thorax-waist backfat thickness (p<0.05), buttock backfat thickness (p<0.05), average backfat thickness (p<0.05), loin eye height (p<0.05), loin eye area (p<0.05), carcass length to 1$^{st}$ spondyle (p<0.01) and carcass length to 1st rib (p<0.01). HUMMLC2B A345G were significantly associated with loin eye width (p<0.05), loin eye area (p<0.05). Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.703-710
• /
• 2018

Bromodomain-containing protein 2 (BRD2) is a nuclear serine/threonine kinase involved in transcriptional regulation. We investigated the expression and association of the BRD2 gene as a candidate gene for meat quality traits in Berkshire pigs. BRD2 mRNA was expressed at relatively high levels in muscle tissue. Statistical analysis revealed that the c.1709G>C polymorphism of the BRD2 gene was significantly associated with carcass weight, meat color ($a^*$, redness), protein content, cooking loss, water-holding capacity, carcass temperatures 4, 12 and 24 h postmortem, and the 24 h postmortem pH in 384 Berkshire pigs. Therefore, this polymorphism in the porcine BRD2 gene may be used as a candidate genetic marker to improve meat quality traits in pigs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 여러 CLA 이성체, 즉 cis-9, cis- 11(c9c11), cis-9, trans-11(c9t11), trans-9, trans-11 (t9t11) 및 trans-10, cis-12(t10c12)가 배양 중인 돼지 지방세포와 근육세포의 분화와 증식에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 세포는 신생자돈으로부터 분리했다. t10c12 이성체는 지방세포의 분화를 억제했는데(92%) 근육세포의 분화는 억제시키지 않았다. t9t11 이성체는 지방세포의 분화를 억제했는데(14%), 근육세포의 분화는 촉진시켰다(26%). 다른 CLA 이성체는 지방세포나 근육세포의 분화에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그리고 CLA가 지방세포와 근육세포의 증식에 미치는 영향은 분화에 미치는 영향에 비해서 작았다. 위의 결과는 여러 CLA 이성체는 돼지 지방세포와 근육세포의 분화에 다른 영향을 미침을 나타낸다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제20권10호
• /
• pp.1485-1489
• /
• 2007

Achaete-scute like 2 (ASCL2) gene encodes a member of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor which is essential for the maintenance of proliferating trophoblasts during placental development. ASCL2 gene preferentially expresses the maternal allele in the mouse. However, it escapes genomic imprinting in the human. In this study, the complete open reading frame consisting of 193 amino acids of ASCL2 gene was obtained. Sequence analysis indicated that a C-G mutation existed in the 3' region between Meishan and Large White pigs. The polymorphism was used to determine the monoallelic or biallelic expression with RT-PCR-RFLP in pigs of Large $White{\times}Meishan$ $F_1$ hybrids. Imprinting analysis indicated that the ASCL2 gene expression was biallelic in all the tested tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, small intestine, skeletal muscle, fat, uterus, ovary and pituitary). PCR-RFLP was used to detect the polymorphism in 270 pigs of the "$Large\;White{\times}Meishan$" $F_2$ resource population. The statistical results showed highly significant associations of the genotypes and fat meat percentage (FMP), lean meat percentage (LMP) and ratio of lean to fat (RLF) (p<0.01), and significant associations of the genotypes and loin eye area (LEA) and internal fat rate (IFR) (p<0.05).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제22권8호
• /
• pp.1091-1101
• /
• 2009

In an attempt to understand the biochemical mechanism for the synthesis of the anabolic steroid, 19-nortestosterone, produced by prepubertal boar testes and its physiological role, normalized complementary DNA (cDNA) from boar testes was generated. DNA sequencing of 2,016 randomly selected clones yielded 794,116 base pairs of high quality nucleotide sequence. Computer-assisted assembly of the nucleotide sequence of each clone resulted in 423 contigs and 403 singletons including several genes for steroidogenic enzymes and molecules related to steroid metabolism. Analysis of gene expression pattern by use of the presently-fabricated cDNA microarray identified a number of genes that were differentially expressed during the postnatal development period in boar testes. Two genes of unknown function were identified to be highly expressed in the testis of 2-weeks-old neonatal boar. In addition, the sequencing of open reading frames of these genes revealed their homology with human alpha hemoglobin and Homo sapiens hypothetical LOC643669, transcript variant 1. Moreover, the transcripts of these genes were also detected in porcine muscle and adipocytes, in addition to Leydig cells of pigs.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.22-26
• /
• 1996

Agents that activate or inhibit the $Ca^{2+}$ release channel in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) were tested for their abilities to affect the activity of the SR $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase. Vesicles of junctional SR (heavy SR, HSR) from terminal cisternae were prepared from porcine cardiac muscle by density gradient centrifugation. The steady-state activity of $Ca^{2+}$-ATPases in intact HSR vesicles was/$347{\pm}5\;nmol/min{\cdot}mg$ protein (${\pm}$ SD). When the HSR vesicles were made leaky, the activity was increased to $415{\pm}5\;nmol/min{\cdot}mg$ protein. This increase is probably due to the uncoupling of HSR vesicles. Caffeine (10 mM), an agonist of the SR $Ca^{2+}$ release channel, increased $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase activity in the intact HSR vesicle preparation to $394{\pm}30\;nmol/min{\cdot}mg$ protein. However, caffeine had no significant effect in the leaky vesicle preparation and in the purified $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase preparation. The effect of caffeine on SR $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase was investigated at various concentrations of $Ca^{2+}$. Caffeine increased the pump activity over the whole range of $Ca^{2+}$ concentrations, from $1\;{\mu}M$ to $250\;{\mu}M$, in the intact HSR vesicles. When the SR $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase was inhibited by thapsigargin, no caffeine effect was observed. These results imply that the caffeine effect requires the intact vesicles and that the increase in $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase activity is not due to a direct interaction of caffeine with the enzyme. We propose that the activity of SR $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase is linked indirectly to the activity of the $Ca^{2+}$ release channel (ryanodine receptor) and may depend upon the amount of $Ca^{2+}$ released by the channels.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.926-930
• /
• 2017

High-quality meat is of great economic importance to the pig industry. The 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate-O-acyltransferase 5 (AGPAT5) enzyme converts lysophosphatidic acid to phosphatidic acid in the mitochondrial membrane. In this study, we found that the porcine AGPAT5 gene was highly expressed in muscle tissue, influencing meat characteristics, and we also identified a non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism (nsSNP) (rs196952262, c.673 A>G) in the gene, associated with a change of isoleucine 225 to valine. The presence of this nsSNP was significantly associated with meat color (lightness), lower cooking loss, and lower carcass temperatures 1, 4, and 12 h after slaughter (items T1, T4, and T12 on the recognized quality scale, respectively), and tended to increase backfat thickness and the water-holding capacity. These results suggest that nsSNP (c.673A>G) of the AGPAT5 gene is a potential genetic marker of high meat quality in pigs.