• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2013

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the most important causes of premature mortality and disability-adjusted life years in Korea. NCDs are also the main contributor to socioeconomic inequalities in mortality and life expectancy. Reduction of NCDs and NCD inequalities would result in significant improvement in healthy life expectancy and health equity in Korea. Major NCD risk factors such as dietary risks (including salt intake), alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and high blood pressure were found to be the leading modifiable risk factors of disability-adjusted life years in Korea, based on the 2010 Global Burden of Disease Study. Several Korean studies have shown that these risk factors play an important role in creating socioeconomic inequalities in NCD mortality and total mortality. Current international discussions on NCD policies in the United Nations and the World Health Organization would provide better opportunities for developing aggressive population-wide policy measures in Korea. Considering the paucity of population-wide policies to control major NCD risk factors in Korea, rigorous population approaches such as taxation and regulation of unhealthy commodities as well as public education and mass campaigns should be further developed in Korea.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6021-6024
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• 2014

Background: The STK15 gene located on chromosome 20q13.2 encodes a centrosome-associated kinase critical for regulated chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. Recent studies have demonstrated STK15 to be significantly associated with many tumors, with aberrant expression obseved in many human malignancies. The purpose of this study was to investigate expression of STK15 in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) in a Mongolian population. Methods: Two non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region of STK15, rs2273535 (Phe31Ile) and rs1047972 (Val57Ile) were assessed in 380 ESCC patients and 380 healthy controls. We also detected STK15 mRNA expression in 39 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and corresponding adjacent tissues by real time PCR. Results: rs2273535 showed a significant association with ESCC in our Mongolian population (rs227353, P allele = 0.0447, OR (95%CI) = 1.259 (1.005~1.578)). Real time PCR analysis of ESCC tissues showed that expression of STK15 mRNA in cancer tissues was higher than in normal tissues (p = 0.013). Conclusions: Our study showed that functional SNPs in the STK15 gene are associated with ESCC in a Mongolian population and up-regulation of STK15 mRNAoccurs in ESCC tumors compared adjacent normal tissues. STK15 may thus have an important role in the prognosis of ESCC and be a potential therapeutic target.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2019

Background: Korean Red Ginseng (KRG; Panax ginseng Meyer) is a widely used medicinal herb known to exert various immune modulatory functions. KRG and one of its purified components, ginsenoside Rg3, are known to possess anti-inflammatory activities. How they impact helper T cell-mediated responses is not fully explored. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the effect of KRG extract (KRGE) and ginsenoside Rg3 on Th1 cell responses. Methods: Using well-characterized T cell in vitro differentiation systems, we examined the effects of KRGE or enhanced Rg3 on the Th1-inducing cytokine production from dendritic cells (DC) and the naïve $CD4^+$ T cells differentiation to Th1 cells. Furthermore, we examined the change of Th1 cell population in the intestine after treatment of enhanced Rg3. The influence of KRGE or enhanced Rg3 on Th1 cell differentiation was evaluated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: KRGE significantly inhibited the production level of IL-12 from DCs and subsequent Th1 cell differentiation. Similarly, enhanced Rg3 significantly suppressed the expression of interferon gamma ($IFN{\gamma}$) and T-bet in T cells under Th1-skewing condition. Consistent with these effects in vitro, oral administration of enhanced Rg3 suppressed the frequency of Th1 cells in the Peyer's patch and lamina propria cells in vivo. Conclusion: Enhanced Rg3 negatively regulates the differentiation of Th1 cell in vitro and Th1 cell responses in the gut in vivo, providing fundamental basis for the use of this agent to treat Th1-related diseases.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.137-150
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• 2014

본 연구는 급속한 한국의 인구 고령화로 노후설계의 필요성이 증대되고 있음에도 불구하고 사회와 다소 소외되어 있는 군인을 대상으로 노후생활인식이 노후설계준비에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 연구결과 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 차이는 2개 영역(경제적 여가)의 노후설계준비에서 계급, 학력, 종교, 가정구성에서 유의한 차이를 보였으나 신체적 영역에서는 재산만이 유의한 차이를 보여 군 특성이 반영된 결과를 나타냈다. 예비 전역자의 노후생활인식이 노후설계준비에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지의 연구에서는 노후생활인식을 '성공적인 노후생활의 인식'과 '노후에 예상되는 문제점 인식'으로 상반된 개념의 두 가지 요인을 적용한 결과, 이들은 2개 영역(경제적 여가)의 노후설계준비에 정(+)의 영향을 주는 요인이었으나 신체적 영역에서는 유의하지 않았다. 전직지원교육 학습활동의 조절효과는 노후생활인식 중 '예상되는 문제점 인식'에 조절효과가 나타났으나 '성공노년 인식'요인에는 나타나지 않았다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.165-187
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• 2015

본 연구는 성인의 고위험음주율에 영향을 미치는 지역의 사회환경요인을 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 연구는 지역을 분석단위로 전국 229개 시군구를 대상으로 하였고, 독립변수는 인구구조와 주류판매점과 같은 환경요인으로 지리적가중회귀분석을 사용하여 상관관계를 분석하였다. 주요 분석결과는 스트레스인지율, 일반음식점과 유흥주점 등 주류판매점이 고위험음주율에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 일반음식점과 유흥주점은 주류판매점의 목적과 형태에 따라 문제음주에 미치는 영향이 차별성을 갖는 것으로 나타났는데, 이러한 결과는 음주문제의 예방을 위한 알코올 가용성 규제정책을 보완하는데 있어 함의를 갖는다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.205-214
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• 1999

Nutrition fortification of processed foods with microelements is a popular practice in many countries to improve nutritional status of target population. In this study the current food fortification in Korea was evaluated and the regulations and guidelines for food fortification in other countries were presented. Most commonly added nutrients were calcium, vit.C, fiber, vit.Bs and iron. The level of fortified nutrients and the vehicle foods were variable. vit.C and fiber appeared to be overfortified in some foods and the necessity of fortification of these nutrients needs to be examined since the intakes of these elements appears to meet the RDA. Most of other nutrients such as vit.A, vit. $B_1$, vit. $B_2$, and iron were added at the level of 10~25% RDA per serving size. The vehicle foods for fortification were snacks, milk, ramyun, breakfast cereal, juices, candies and ready-to-eat retort pouch foods but not rice which is a staple food in Korea. The guideline and regulation for food fortification is required to ensure safe and proper supplementation of needed nutrients in processed foods.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.78-86
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• 1995

Our previous report has suggested that the decrease of fibronectin level during mvogenesis is due to the decreased Bvailabilitv of receptor (matrix assembly receptor) for 29-kDa fragment of fibronectin. In the present study, we demonstrate that G protein and adenvlate cvclase system are involved in the regulation of fibronectin matrix assembly and that when fibronectin level in extracellular matrix decreases, the postmitotic fusion-capable cells emerge more frequently from the proliferative population. This proposal is based on the following observations. (1) Cholers toxin, which increases intracellular CAMP, caused a decrease in the ability of mvoblasts to incorporate fibronectin into extracellular matrix. (2) Cholera toxin decreased the proliferation of mvoblasts and Induced the precocious fusion. (3) decAMP, which was found to induce the precocious fusion and decrease the proliferation of myoblasts, decreased the fibronectin level in extracellular matrix and matrix assembly receptor for fibronectin- (4) RGOS, whlh inhibits the incorporation of fibronectin into extracellular matrix, induced the precocious fusion and reduced the proliferaton of mvoblasts. These results suggest that CAMP regulates the fibronectin levels in extracellular matrix and that the alteration of fibronectin level is involved in regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of chick embryonic mvoblasts.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.172-179
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• 2014

This research suggests that the regulation, design and improvement of domestic and international ambulances so that make the basis for the future ambulance in Korea. It is true that the diversification of current disasters, increasing elderly population, the increase in emergency patients, due to the lack of effective transfer system, emergency vehicle's performance problem, and the aging of ambulances cause have difficulty in providing effective emergency services in domestic country. Therefore, in order to improve the effectiveness of ambulance, the history of ambulance, other relevant provisions include international, design and directions to be improved were investigated, and also research directions of the ambulance are suggested in domestic country. In this research, suggests the following conclusions to improve domestic ambulance 1. Through standardization of the spacing and location of an ambulance is needed to maximize the treatment room. 2. The interior of the ambulance design for hygiene and infection control should be included. 3. Stretcher and equipment are designed to be fitted to each other should be standardized. 4. Especially during transfer maintain the road, noise, vibration, and shock-absorbing function to emphasize the importance. 5. The improvement of ergonomic design is necessary for the possibility of applying to many people.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.213-228
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• 2021

In recent year, US government requires local investment ,unlike in the past, when import restrictions and tariff were imposed. In this situation, many companies are considering new investment in the US and entering the local market. However, research on the optimal investment plan along with the case analysis on trade regulation is extremely limited and more research needs to be conducted. Accordingly, this study aims to suggest the implications and countermeasure of the SCM and logistical perspective by studying the optimal measures for the new investment of each company due to trade regulation. As a research method, the gravity location model, Mixed Integer Linear Programming Model were used to select the optimal automobile manufacturing factory considering each state's population. This study will be implication of SCM and logistics perspective not only for companies considering new investment in the US but also for the government to conduct trade negotiations. In the future, it is expected that the US trade pressure will increase and affect Korea in many ways. Therefore, in order to cope with such difficult situation in a timely manner, continuous research considering various possibilities is needed in the future.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.121-140
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• 2021

The ship recycling or scrap is a phenomenon in the process of vessels life cycle has ended in the shipping industry. Scrap are greatly affected by freight rates due to ship demands. Not only that, environmental regulation and economic scale vessel demand are processes that must exist in the shipping industry as they obtain management for existing vessels. In the past, shipbreaking yard had tried to work without protection for poverty, without poor working conditions and facilities to prevent the emission of harmful substances. However, the issue of environmental pollution has been raised the Basel and Hong Kong Convention have been adopted, and a new replacement of the ship scrap that induces serious pollution is required. In this study, 165 countries were analyzed to confirm the importance of determining the ship solution. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the Environmental Performance Index, which is a measure of environmental regulation, is the most influential factor of ship scrapped volume. The determinant of whether lower labor cost can be secured is more correlated with population than GDP per capita. The implications of the results of the regression analysis mean that if environmental regulations for ship scrap of the future are strengthened, the status of Bangladesh and Pakistan, which currently account for half of the world's ship recycling, may change.