• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.49-54
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• 2019

Purpose: Potocki-Lupski syndrome (PTLS), is a recently identified, rare genomic disorder. The patients are affected by infantile hypotonia, poor growth and developmental delay. Facial dysmorphism may not be obvious in some patients. PTLS is associated with microduplication at chromosome 17p11.2. In the current study, three Korean patients are reported with their clinical and genetic features. Materials and Methods: The clinical findings of each patient were reviewed. Karyotyping and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analyses were done for genetic diagnoses. Results: All the patients did not have the characteristic dysmorphic features, such as broad forehead, triangular face, asymmetric smile and palpebral fissures. On the other hand, all three patients were affected by variable degree of developmental delay, poor oral intake, failure to thrive, and language development disorders. Chromosome 17p11.2 duplication was identified by conventional karyotyping analysis only in one patient, whereas the other confirmed by MLPA analyses. Conclusion: Delayed development was mostly commonly observed in our patients without distinct dysmorphic facial features. In this respect, genomic screening in patients with developmental delay would identify more cases with PTLS to understand their long-term clinical courses with the development of adequate psychological and rehabilitation education program.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.147-152
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the deficits in executive function in children with ADHD and anxiety disorder, and further, to characterize executive function deficits among the two groups. Methods : Subjects consisted of 60 children between the ages of 5 and 14 (16 Normal, 24 ADHD, 20 Anxiety Disorder). Neuropsychological tests (KEDI-WISC, CCTT, STROOP, WCST, ROCF) for assessing cognitive and executive function were individually administered to all subjects. Results : There were no significant differences in FSIQ or PIQ among the three groups. However, the ADHD group tended to score lower on the VIQ and subtest of similarity, vocabulary, and digit span tests. The three groups did not significantly differ with respect to CCTT test results. On the STROOP test, the ADHD group showed poor performance on the word, color, and color-word subtests. The three groups did not exhibit significant differences in WCST test results ; however, the anxiety group performed poorly belonging to below 25 percentile rank on perseverative response. On the ROCF test, the ADHD group performed poorly with respect to their organization score and in particular, regarding copy and immediate recall. The anxiety group also performed poorly with regard to organization ; however, this was limited only to immediate recall. Conclusion : Children with ADHD displayed poor inhibition and organizational abilities compared to children with anxiety and normal controls. Further, children with anxiety disorder exhibited low cognitive flexibility and voluntary problem-solving abilities compared to ADHD children and normal controls. Based on these results, we suggest that the characteristics of executive dysfunction in ADHD and anxiety disorder in children are different.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.22 no.3 s.27
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• pp.389-397
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• 1989

To identify the problems in child rearing practice of employed mothers in urban poor area, all of 201 women with children under 6 years old living in Yun San 3 Dong, a poor area of Pusan city, were interviewed with a questionnaire by a trained interviewer from 10th April to 10th May 1989. Among 201 women, 51 women were employed and 150 women were unemployed. Of the employed mothers 78.5% got their jobs because of economical need and 31.4% of them worker for 60-69 hours per week. Their average monthly income was 100,000-190,000 Won in 33.4% and 200,000-290,000 Won in 25.4% Breast milk was fed in 66.0% of the children of unemployed mothers while 49.0 of the children of the employed mothers were breast-fed (p<0.05). The most common reason for not breast feeding was shortage of breast milk among unemployed mothers (58.9%) but that of the employed mothers was their job(63.6%). The basic immunization for children was completed in 70.5% of children of employed mothers as compared with 82.0% of the children of the unemployed mothers were completely immunized (p>0.1). Accident experience rate of children among the employed mothers was 23.5 a and that of the children of the unemployed mothers was 17.3% . The most common cause of acident in children of the unemployed mothers was carelessness while they were playing(34.6%) but in children of the employed mothers it was traffic accident(25.0%) and falling(25.0%). Most of the traffic accidents took place while the children's brother or sister of age under 14 years were baby sitting. When the accident took place 73.1% of the unemployed mothers were just at home, but 58.3% of the employed mothers were out of home for work. In case of the employed mothers, 58.7% of their children were looked after by an adult mainly grandparents, 15.7% by the children's brothers and sisters under 14 years old, and 3.9% of the children were left alone. A majority of the unemployed mothers wanted to get a job if someone could take care of their children. To facilitate the women employment and for the safety and health of the children, good nurseries for working mothers need to be established at a cost they can afford.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.147-166
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• 2008

This study investigated perceptions of early childhood teachers about children of Female International Marriage Migrants(FIMM) and their classroom conditions. Data was collected from 117 teachers of kindergartens and day care centers in Jeonnam Province using a 28-item inventory composed of classroom conditions and perceptions of teachers about the children of FIMM. Results showed that over 70% of teachers' students were children of FIMM. Children's traits included poor language skills, confusion of identity, and socio-emotional problems due to passive interaction with peers. Programs specifically for FIMM and their children are rare. Teachers considered difficulties teaching children of FIMM are due to lack of economic support, hardship of managing multicultural curriculum, restrictions in application of that curriculum, and institutional inertia.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.64 no.11
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• pp.552-558
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• 2021

The food shortage in North Korea is a serious situation that has spanned the mid-1990s to today. North Korean refugee children, even those born in North Korea, China, or South Korea, had poor nutritional status at birth; thus, their growth and nutritional status should be continuously monitored. This review focused on the health status of North Korean children and the nutritional status of North Korean refugee children upon settling in South Korea. Immediately after entering South Korea, North Korean refugee children were shorter and lighter than South Korean children and had a serious nutritional status. Over time, their nutrition status improved, but they remained shorter and lighter than South Korean children. A new obesity problem was also observed. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor their growth and nutritional status.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is associated with various complications, including poor growth and development, mineral bone disorder, cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and mortality. Slowing down the progression of CKD is important since CKD is often not curable. Prospective cohort studies have been conducted to understand the progression and outcomes of CKD in children, and these studies have identified non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors. Recognition of known risk factors and early intervention are important to delay the progression of kidney function decline in children.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.5
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• pp.212-217
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features of children who have survived a water submersion incident, and to identify risk factors for prognosis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who experienced submersion between January 2005 and December 2014. The patients were classified into 2 groups, according to complications, and prognostic factors were evaluated. Results: During the study period, 29 children experienced submersion (20 boys and 9 girls; mean age, $83.8{\pm}46.4$ months). Submersion occurred most commonly in the summer, with the peak incidence in August. The most frequent Szpilman clinical score was grade 5 (13 patients; 44.8%), followed by grade 6 (7 patients; 24.1%), and grades 1 or 2 (3 patients; 10.3%). Five children (17.2%) in the poor prognosis group died or had hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, and the overall mortality rate was 6.9%. Poor prognosis after submersion was associated with lower consciousness levels (P=0.003), higher Szpilman scores (P=0.007), greater need for intubation and mechanical ventilator support (P=0.001), and longer duration of oxygen therapy (P=0.015). Poor prognosis was also associated with lower bicarbonate levels (P=0.038), as well as higher sodium, aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels (P=0.034, P=0.006, and P=0.005, respectively). Szpilman clinical scores were positively correlated with consciousness levels (r=0.489, P=0.002) and serum liver enzyme levels (AST and ALT; r=0.521, P=0.004). Conclusion: We characterized the prognostic factors associated with submersion outcomes, using the Szpilman clinical score, which is comparable to consciousness level for predicting mortality.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.291-300
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• 2014

This study determined the effects of television (TV) advertising restriction of Energy-Dense and Nutrient-Poor Foods on product and promotion activities by food companies producing or selling children's favorite foods. A survey using a selfadministered questionnaire was conducted via on-line or fax by marketers or R&D managers from 108 food companies. The data from 55 respondents (50.9%) were analyzed. Restriction exerted positive effects on food products with respect to compliance with labeling requirements (4.0 out of 5 points) and reinforcement of nutritional contents examination of new products (3.7 out of 5 points). Reformulations of products such as reduction of nutrients like sodium, sugar and fat were also reported. In addition, food companies underwent diverse changes in promotional activities, including modification of package designs and displays in stores, offering free gifts, discounts, etc. In conclusion, restriction of TV food advertising may contribute to improvement of children's food environment by encouraging food companies to make favorable product changes. On the other hand, the results also revealed that food companies adopt diverse marketing channels that are not yet under regulation. Hence, to make policies more effective, regulation needs to be extended from TV to other marketing channels to which children are easily exposed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.295-304
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• 2015

We assessed reading-related skills in children with reading comprehension difficulties ("Poor comprehenders"), word decoding difficulties ("Poor decoders") and normal readers, matched for age and nonverbal IQ. The reading-related skill tests used in our study are phonological processing, visual processing test, and receptive vocabulary test. The authors argue that children who had difficulty in reading comprehension had lower scores only on the phonological short-term memory test compared with normal readers, although their performance on receptive vocabulary and visual processing tests are comparable to normal readers. The results of our study revealed that poor decoders had lower scores on the phonological processing, visual processing, and receptive vocabulary tests.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.109-130
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine segmenting the effect on the school resilience of the poor children by children's satisfaction in using Community Child Center. For this purpose, we conducted a questionnaire survey with 275 elementary school students on the 3rd-6th graders, using Community Child Center in Cheongju City. As a result, User Satisfaction of Community Child Center gave meaningful affection to school life among school resilience. Children using Community Child Center who are satisfied with friendships and cognitive activity program gave meaningful affection of study and school grade by statistics. Also, it shows According to School Resilience(interest and attitude), Children using Community Child Center should be divided to 4groups, and providing services need to concern the characteristics of each children group.