• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.52-69
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.193-193
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• 2010

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.1071-1074
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• 2005

TAC film is an indispensable optical component that protects the polarizing PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) film from being deteriorated and gives high durability, due to its unique features. The newly developed technology of controlling the birefringence of TAC film, together with the coating technology of a discotic material layer, enables excellent viewing angle characteristics and a cost-effective roll-to-roll polarizer manufacturing process.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.96-101
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• 1992

Two strains of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) utilizing bacteria were isolated from the waste water and soil. These strains, G5Y and PW, were able to utilize PVA symbiotically as a carbon source, but could not utilize PVA separately. In the mixed culture of these strains, 0.5 percent of PVA was almost completely degraded in 3 days. Effect of degree of PVA polymerization on the its utilization was examined, and there was no remarkable difference among three kind of PVA (PVA 500, 1500, a d 2000). These bacteria were able to utilize PV,4 in the desizing waste water of factory as well as enrichment PVA medium. These strains, C5Y and PW, were identified as Pseudomonas cepucia and Pseudomonus pseudomallei, respectively, based on morpholofical and biological characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.58-63
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• 2015

The purpose of this experimental research is to evaluate the workability and strength properties of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete containing amorphous steel fiber and organic fiber. For this purpose, the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete containing amorphous steel fiber(ASF) with polyamide(PA) and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) fiber, respectively were made according to their total volume fraction of 0.5% for water-binder ratio of 33%, and then the characteristics such as the workability, compressive strength, and flexural strength of those were investigated. It was observed from the test results that the workability and compressive strength at 7 and 28 days were decreased and the flexural strength at 7 and 28 days was increased with increasing ASF and decreasing organic fiber.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.115-121
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• 2007

A novel hydrogen fermentation technique by using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel beads as a biomass carrier was investigated. The hydrogen gas was stably produced throughout the experimental period in a continuous reactor. Even though the hydrogen productivity was suddenly decrease by experimental troubles, the bacteria attached to the PVA gel beads played as an inoculum, it was promptly recovered. The hydrogen yield per glucose was not very high ($1.0-1.2mol-H_2/mol-glucose$), thus the optimization of the experimental conditions such as ORP and HRT should be considered to improve the hydrogen productivity. Bacterial community was stable during experimental period after the PVA gel beads applying, which indicated that applying of biomass carrier was specific to keep not only the biomass but also the bacteria commonly. Clostridium species were phylogenetically detected, which suggested that these bacteria contributed to the hydrogen production in the biofilm attached to the PVA gel beads.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.280-285
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• 1975

The degradation mechanisms of naphthoquinone-1,2-diazide-5-sulfonyl esters(PGND, BEND and PVAND) of polyglyceryl phthalate (PG), bisphenol A-epichlorohydrin (BE) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were studied by infrared absorption spectra. Absorption band due to C=N=and C=O of o-quinonediazide group decreased or disappeared after sufficient exposing to light. And also, absorption band C=O of indene carboxylic acid was increased. From the results, it may be concluded that the above photosensi tive polymers were dissociated to indene carboxylic acid soluble in aqueous alkali solution. Further, the effect of sensitizers were examined by the variation of intensity in infrared absorption spectra of sensitized and unsensitized samples.

• Composites Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.159-163
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• 2012

The coating of metal surface with carbon nanotubes(CNTs) has been studied for the heat transfer enhancement of the boiling and condensation of refrigerant. The multiwalled carbon nanotube/copper oxide(CuO) composite powder, which has been surface modified by dispersant and polyvinyl alcohol solution, was ultrasonically sprayed and sintered on a copper wafer. In this paper, experiments were performed to assess the characterization and comparison of the carbon nanotube before and after sinterning and the morphology changes of the CNT/CuO-coated surface by using different dispersants. The dispersants used are THF (Tetrahydrofuran), SDBS(Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium salt), SDS(Sodium dodecy sulfate). The samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), differential scanning calorimeter(DSC) and Raman spectroscopy.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-50
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• 2003

Granular clay minerals for adsorption of the organic dye prepared a Na-Bentonite and optimum condition calcined temperature $700^{\circ}C$ and polyvinyl alcohol quantity was 25%. Granular clay mineral stable range was pH3 to pH9 and specific area was $83m^2/g$. The adsorption of the organic dye on the Granular clay mineral showed result good adsorption with acid medium and then enthalpy was -3.36 ~ -0.84 kcal/mol. It was exhibit typical physical adsorption.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.25 no.4 s.34
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• pp.51-55
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• 1999

Cosmetic mask is one of the traditional cosmetic product and is used to keep skin healthy and beautiful through moisturizing effect, cleansing effect and acceleration effect on microcirculation. There are several types of cosmetic mask such as peel-off type, tissue-off type, wash-off type and cotton sheet type immersed in cosmetic water. It is important for cosmetic formulators to develop an adequate type of cosmetic mask that meets the needs of the target consumers because each type of cosmetic mask has benefits and problems in its usage and efficacy. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is widely used as an active ingredient of peel-off type cosmetic mask and the physical property of the PVA film changes with the usage of other ingredients. We studied the change of physical properties of the film containing PVA by formulating peel-off type cosmetic mask with the variation of humectants. Methylguceth-20 and glycereth-26 reduce the interaction between skin surface and PVA film without serious weakening of tensile strength and they can alleviate irritation. Glycerin, urea and betaine help PVA film soften and they also have excellent efficacy as humectants.