• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.198-202
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• 2021

Considerable disagreement exists regarding whether endometrial polyps should be removed before attempting natural pregnancy and before pregnancy via intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF). Through a literature review, we obtained information on the impact of endometrial polyps and polypectomy on fertility outcomes. Several observational studies have suggested that women with unexplained infertility may benefit from endometrial polypectomy for a future natural pregnancy. A few studies reported benefits from endometrial polypectomy in infertile women who plan to undergo IUI. However, no strong evidence supports polypectomy as a way to improve the pregnancy rate in infertile women who plan to undergo IVF or polypectomy during controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF. Although no studies have defined criteria for the polyp size that should be removed in infertile women, clinicians should be aware that small endometrial polyps (<10 mm) sometimes regress spontaneously. Endometrial polypectomy is currently justified in patients with repeated IVF failure, but more studies are needed to verify that endometrial polypectomy itself will eventually increase the pregnancy rate. Although several mechanisms by which endometrial polyps exert a negative effect on fertility have emerged, there is no consensus about the proper management of endometrial polyps in infertile women. Therefore, the management of endometrial polyps should be individualized depending on the patient's situation and clinician's preference.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.489-495
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• 2022

An appropriate post-polypectomy surveillance program requires the effectiveness of reducing colorectal cancer and safety. In addition, the post-polypectomy surveillance program should consider the burden of limited medical resource capacity, cost-effectiveness, and patient adherence. In this sense, a risk-stratified surveillance program based on baseline colonoscopy results is ideal. Major international guidelines for post-polypectomy surveillance, such as those from the European Union and the United States, have recommended risk-stratified surveillance programs. Both guidelines have recently been updated to better differentiate between high- and low-risk individuals. In both updated guidelines, more individuals have been downgraded to lower-risk groups that require less frequent or no surveillance. Furthermore, increased attention has been paid to the surveillance of patients who undergo serrated polyp removal. Previous guidelines in Japan did not clearly outline the risk stratification in post-polypectomy surveillance. However, the new colonoscopy screening and surveillance guidelines presented by the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society include a risk-stratified post-polectomy surveillance program. Further discussion and analysis of unresolved issues in this field, such as the optimal follow-up after the first surveillance, the upper age limit for surveillance, and the ideal method for improving adherence to surveillance guidelines, are warranted.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.82-91
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• 2020

Background: This study investigates the influence factors of medical service variations using medical charge and the length of stay (LOS) for urinary incontinence surgery and uterine polypectomy. Methods: The National Health Insurance claims data and Medical Resource Report by the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service in 2016 were used. Frequency analysis, one-way analysis of variance, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were executed for each surgery. A multilevel analysis was executed to assess the factors to the medical charge and LOS for each surgery in patient, doctor, and hospital level. Results: Fifty-two point eight percent of urinary incontinence surgery and 87.1% of uterine polypectomy were distributed in general and tertiary hospitals. Among three levels, the patient level variation was 61.5% or 77.2% in medical charge and 93.9% or 96.3% in LOS, respectively. The doctor level variation was 29.6% or 22.6% in medical charge and 0.6% or 0.0% in LOS, respectively. The institution level variation was 8.9% or 0.2% in medical charge and 5.5% or 3.7% in LOS, respectively. Number of other disease and organizational type were main factors that affected the charge and LOS for urinary incontinence surgery and uterine polypectomy. Conclusion: Medical service variations of the urinary incontinence surgery and uterine polypectomy were the largest for the patient level, followed by doctor level for the medical charge, and the institution level for the LOS.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.385-389
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• 2012

본 연구는 대장용종수술환자의 건강행태 실행에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 규명하기 위해 수행되었다. 2010년 12월 6일부터 2011년 1월 31일까지 서울에 소재한 종합병원에 내원한 환자 112명을 대상으로 설문 및 면접조사를 하였다. 자료는 t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient 및 Stepwise multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 생활습관조절을 잘 할수록 긍정적인 태도가 높았고(r=.350, p<.01), 생활불편은 낮았으며 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었다(r=-.263, p<.05). 둘째, 다중회귀분석결과 대장용종수술환자의 건강행태 실행에는 생활습관조절이 가장 중요한 변수로 나타났고(${\beta}$=.392, p=.000), 그 다음은 생활불편(${\beta}$=-.265, p=.007), 체중증가(${\beta}$=-.248, p=.024)이었다. 결론적으로 대장용종수술환자의 건강행태 증진을 위해서는 긍정적인 태도와 생활습관조절이 필요하다.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2021

In patients having long-standing ulcerative colitis (UC), the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) increased compared with general population. Dysplasia is a precancerous lesion of colitic patients, and traditionally total proctocolectomy was considered as a standard therapy to prevent colorectal cancer in UC patients. However, even with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA), patients who underwent total proctocolectomy may experience early and late postoperative complications, such as ileus, bleeding, pouchitis, and so on. In addition, the bowel movement after proctocolectomy with IPAA reaches a median of seven times per day, and a considerable proportion of patients require daytime and nighttime pads. Change in the strategy for managing dysplasia started from two early studies, which suggested polypectomy for polypoid dysplasia to prevent CRC in colitic patients. After that, many studies supported that polypectomy should be the first option for the management of polypoid dysplasia. Moreover, recent studies suggested the feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection as a therapeutic option for non-polypoid dysplasia, although long term, large studies should be followed.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2003

목 적 : 연소성 용종은 소아에서 가장 흔한 장관 내에 발생하는 종양이다. 대부분 단발성이나 다발성으로 발생하기도 한다. 단발성 연소성 용종의 경우 60-80%가 직장 및 S자 결장에서 발생되어 반복적이면서도 만성적인 혈변배설을 일으킬 뿐 아니라 보호자를 불안하게 하고 때로는 빈혈을 일으키기도 하므로 증상이 있는 경우의 용종은 조기 절제가 바람직하다. 저자들은 연소성 용종으로 용종 절제술을 받은 19례의 임상 양상과 특징 및 대장 용종 절제술의 치료 성적을 분석하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 1998년 3월에서 2002년 8월까지 대장 용종으로 진단되어 내시경적 용종 절제술을 받은 환아들 중에서 병리조직 검사에서 연소성 용종으로 확진 된 19례의 환아들의 임상 양상 및 용종의 특징을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : 1) 환아의 연령은 $4.7{\pm}2.8$세 남녀 비는 1 : 1.1이었다. 2) 전례에서 혈변이 있었으며 설사 및 점액변이 8례(42%), 복통 5례(26%), 변비 2례(11%), 항문 열상이 2례(11%)에서 있었다. 3) 연소성 용종의 분포는 직장 7례(37%), 직장-S자 결장 4례(21%), S자 결장 4례(21%)로 15례(79%)가 직장과 S자 결장 부위에서 발생했으며 상행 대장에서 발생된 1례는 흑색 혈변을 보이면서 심한 빈혈이 있었다. 용종 절제술 당시에 혈색소 치가 10 g/dL 이하인 경우가 4례(21%)에서 있었으며 수혈 없이 용종절제 후 모두 정상화 되었다. 그리고 대장 전처치, 진정제 투여, 대장 내시경 검사와 관련된 합병증은 없었지만 용종 절제 후 2례에서 출혈이 있었다. 이 중 1례는 특별한 지혈 요법 없이 저절로 멎었으나 1례에서는 지혈 클립으로 지혈 시켰다. 4) 용종의 크기는 절제 후 장경 1-1.9 cm가 10례(53%)로 가장 많았고 2-2.9 cm는 5례(26%)였고 1 cm 이하가 3례(16%)였으며 1례는 3.5 cm의 거대 용종이었다. 5) 증상 발현 후 용종 절제까지의 기간은 1개월부터 42개월 사이로 평균 $7.6{\pm}11.7$개월이었다. 6) 초기 진료 시의 추정 진단은 변비 및 항문 열상, 감염성 설사, 대장 용종, 원인 불명의 하부 장관 출혈, 멕켈 게실, 치질 등이었다. 결 론 : 대장 연소성 용종은 2-10세 사이의 소아에서 반복적이고도 만성적인 혈변 배설의 주원인이며 대장 내시경적 용종 절제술은 간편하고도 효과적이면서 안전한 치료법이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 조기에 대장 내시경 검사를 시행함으로써 불필요한 치료를 피할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 보호자의 불안 및 빈혈 등과 같은 원치 않는 문제를 피할 수 있다고 사료된다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2022

Purpose: Colonoscopy is considered the most reliable method for the diagnosis of juvenile polyps. However, colonoscopic screening is an invasive and expensive procedure. Fecal calprotectin (FCP), a marker of intestinal inflammation, has been shown to be elevated in patients with polyps. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate FCP as a screening biomarker for the diagnosis of juvenile polyps. Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at the Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. For children with polyps, colonoscopic polypectomy and histopathology were performed. FCP levels were analyzed before and 4 weeks after polypectomy in all patients. Information was recorded in a datasheet and analyzed using the computer-based program SPSS. Results: The age of the children was between 2.5 and 12 years. Approximately 93% of the polyps were found in the rectosigmoid region. Children with juvenile polyps had elevated levels of FCP before polypectomy that subsequently normalized after polypectomy. The mean FCP levels before and after polypectomy were 277±247 ㎍/g (range, 80-1,000 ㎍/g) and 48.57±38.23 ㎍/g (range, 29-140 ㎍/g) (p<0.001), respectively. The FCP levels were significantly higher in patients with multiple polyps than in those with single polyps. Moreover, mean FCP levels in patients with single and multiple polyps were 207.6±172.4 ㎍/g and 515.4±320.5 ㎍/g (p<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Colonic juvenile polyps were found to be associated with elevated levels of FCP that normalized after polypectomy. Therefore, FCP may be recommended as a noninvasive screening biomarker for diagnosis of colonic juvenile polyps.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.810-814
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• 2022

Extracutaneous mastocytoma is a rare benign tumor composed of mature mast cells and is located in tissues other than the skin. We report the case of a 61-year-old male who was diagnosed with extracutaneous mastocytoma via colonoscopic polypectomy and biopsy. To our knowledge, this was the first case of a solitary extracutaneous mastocytoma of the colon. We reported this case and reviewed the literature.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2023

Purpose: Total colonoscopy is recommended if colorectal polyps are clinically suspected. This study aimed to investigate the performance status of pediatric colonoscopic polypectomy in Korea. Methods: We surveyed pediatric endoscopic specialists who perform colonoscopic polypectomy in Korea using a questionnaire of 13 questions on pediatric colonoscopic polypectomy performance status. Results: The survey was conducted at 45 institutions, and 32 specialists (71.1%) responded. Among the respondents, 31.2% (10/32) said colonoscopy was performed in all age groups, while 12.5% (4/32) said sigmoidoscopy was performed in all age groups. Meanwhile, 56.2% (18/32) said that sigmoidoscopy was performed in young children, while colonoscopy was performed in older children. Among them, 38.9% (7/18) believe that 4-6 years were young, and 44.5% (8/18) believe that 7-9 years were young. Regarding surveillance examinations, 21.9% (7/32) said they would perform a surveillance colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy in the future if less than five juvenile polyps were found in the colon. Meanwhile, if less than five adenomatous polyps were found in the colon, 93.8% (30/32) said they would perform surveillance colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy in the future. Conclusion: More than half of the pediatric endoscopic specialists in Korea choose between a colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy depending on the patient's age, contrary to the generally accepted recommendation of total colonoscopy if colorectal polyps are suspected in children and adolescents. In this survey, most pediatric endoscopists used the age range of 4-9 years as the reference age.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2014

대장내시경을 이용한 대장암 선별검사가 증가하면서 발견된 용종의 절제와 추적검사가 점차 많아지고 있다. 하지만 국내에 대장용종절제 후 추적검사에 대한 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 대장용종절제술 후 용종의 재발률을 알아보고 재발 위험 인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 2000년 1월부터 2008년 3월까지 기간 동안에 용종절제술을 시행 받고 이후 추적검사를 시행 받은 147명의 환자를 대상으로 의무기록을 통한 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 대장내시경검사를 통해 발견된 용종은 Kudo의 분류법으로 기술하였다. 추적 조사기간은 용종절제술과 이후 시행한 추적 대장내시경 검사와의 간격으로 정의하였다. 대상자 중 남자가 76.2%이었고, 환자의 평균연령은 $56.5{\pm}8.1$세이었다. 대상자의 용종절제 후 평균 추적기간은 $24.9{\pm}13.7$(6 - 65)개월이었다. 1년 누적재발률은 11.6%, 2년 누적재발률은 36.7%이고, 3년 누적재발률은 55.8%이었다. 용종의 개수에 따라 재발율이 유의한 차이를 보였다. 용종의 재발여부에 독립적인 영향을 미치는 인자로는 조직학적 형태가 의미있는 인자로 조사되었다. 본 연구 결과 대장의 선종성 용종의 3년 누적재발률이 55%를 넘는 것으로 관찰되므로 대장용종절제 후 추적 대장 내시경의 중요성이 강조되며 향후 대장용종절제술 후 재발에 대한 국내의 대규모 연구가 이루어져야 할 것으로 보인다.