• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.34 no.1 s.114
• /
• pp.92-106
• /
• 2006

The process of designing Cheonggyecheon Entrance Plaza began with researching four keywords: plaza, restoration. modernity and icon. The outcome of the research was reinterpreted into and informed the design. An urban plaza must not only be a stage for civic life but should also be a portrait of the city to which it belongs. Many Korean plazas, however, are treated as if they are parks. Yeouido Park, which was originally a vast urban void, and Seoul Plaza, recently paved with grass, are good example. The strong 'green myth' can hinder socio-political activities. Cheonggyecheon cannot be said to have been 'restored', since it is still disconnected from its origin and upper streams, and the water is circulated by electricity. So it is better understood as an artificial urban waterfront, rather than an ecologically restored stream. This fact might diminish its ecological value, but not its recreational one. The entrance plaza therefore should reflect that the new stream brings back an 'experience', not only water itself. At the same time, the catch phrase of this restoration project was 'post-modern'. The demolished Cheonggye Expressway represents the 'economy drive' of the 1970s, so the newly opened Cheonggyecheon serves as a perfect counterpart to it. But modernity in Korea is the spirit that made many of the good things, not only its shortcomings, we have now. And from the philosophy of this restoration project, we can see that it is still an ongoing attitude in a way. Remnant of Cheonggye Expressway can evoke our nostalgia for the era. There are plenty of symbols in Seoul, both as architecture and objects. But none of them provide citizens with experience, other than the experience of looking at them. Cheonggyecheon Entrance Plaza is a good place to serve as an icon for a dynamic Seoul. From the research, the designer concluded that this plaza should commemorate the incomparable horizontal experience of Cheonggyecheon and the old expressway, amid the vertical metropolis. The Pedestrian Sculpture, which people can stroll on and look out over Cheonggyecheon, is to be made of steel cladding with a core structure and represents the dynamism of the stream, Seoul and contemporary Korea. The choice of material and the steel structure are also ways of creating the icon. The Water Plaza, the space underneath the ramp, will accommodate people and their urban activities, providing an opportunity to play with water. The Waterblades will be a device for the dramatic beginning of the stream, simultaneously camouflaging ugly openings in the outlets. The Wall of Archaeology is to be made with pre-fab resin blocks, translucent enough so that people can see through any archaeological findings of the site. The strong water-resistant character of resin makes the wall steady throughout the flood season as well. Cheonggyecheon restoration project is an effort to combine contemporary urban demand with the once-existing physicality by evoking our nostalgia for it. The project itself shows many socio-political issues of present-day Korea. The entrance plaza design thus is focused on suggesting an icon for the metropolis, simultaneously celebrating the stream itself. Within this space, people will be exposed to a unique experience that any 'green myth' cannot offer.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.71-82
• /
• 1994

The article reviewed the elderly health care management problems in policy development issue of the nation. Policy of Korean government on elderly health care has still not yet developed. The main stream of policy which is effective on elderly welfare policy is 'Elderly care are responsible by their families'. Now only those aged whose family members are not able to take care of their parents are receive custodial care at the non-profit nursing homes. This article examined the main stream policy in pro and cons aspects in relation to social changes such as: demographic changes. family structure changes. attitude changes. health care delivery system. and political settlement view points in connection with medical insurance program. Finally. a model for the elderly health care management was proposed which will provide chronic care services at the community level. such as nursing homes. day care centers. day hospitals, respite care units, and special care institute for dementia.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.21
• /
• pp.363-399
• /
• 1994

This article aims at bibliographical analysis of the and historical research of Buddhism in the period of king ChungYeul. The analysis is made in the respects of: 1) physical form 2) historical aspect of the Zen Buddhism in the latter period of Koryo Dynasty 3) related persons who corresponded with Mongsan First, this books is consist of 56 records about tripitaka, biography of Mongsan, poets of Zen Buddhism, and abstracts of Buddhist books. Secondly, the new trends of Buddhism in the 13th century was influenced by Mongsan Son(contemplate school, zen). He was corresponded with some political persons and the elite class of Koryo Buddhism. Because of these meetings, LimJae Son were adopted main stream of zen Buddism in Koryo Dynasty by Mongsan and his accompanies. Thirdly, these political groups want to meet Mongsan and his teaching about zen Buddism, but he suggest three questions to the gourp instead of meeting. And he explained 10 kinds of methods to study zen Buddism comparing visited ten persons with ten pinetrees. In the Koryo Dynasty, Buddism was very inportant in history of throughts and social functions. But there had been little research on Mongsan who afford theoretical base on zen Buddism in Chosun Dynasty. On the point of the relation to Koryo and Yuan dynasty in zen Buddism. The is a new and important records that afford some solutions of religious branch and trends in early periods of Chosun Dynasty.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.297-323
• /
• 2010

The distinguished feature of the economic relationship between China and Africa during the cold war is the one that there was economic point of view at all even though such a huge trade between the two countries. It was caused by purely ideological and political purpose of China. because of the giant stream of time which is called as 'the cold war', it has been replaced with other conceptions: 'aid' or 'support.' Since the end of the cold war, however, the relationship between China and Africa has been showing noticeable features; political and ideological purposes are getting less meaningful or excluded completely. In 1990, China was based on the pragmatism, which is a rigorous sense of economy, and Africa was getting popular as an emerging market, which is not only performing as a stable energy supplier but also making trade and direct investment is possible. Also, it has implications for Korea that seriously considers putting more efforts into expanding its influence on all over the trade relations which includes investment and import-export in the emerging market: Africa.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.592-610
• /
• 2020

In South Korea, the concept of water environment was expanded to include aquatic ecosystems with the Integrated Water Management implementation. Watershed-scale modeling is typically performed for hydrologic component analysis, however, there is a need to expand to include ecosystem variability such that the modeling corresponds to the social and political issues around the water environment. For this to be viable, the modeling must account for several distinct features in South Korean watersheds. The modeling must provide reasonable estimations for peak flow rate and apply to paddy areas as they represent 11% of land use area and greatly influence groundwater levels during irrigation. These facts indicate that the modeling time intervals should be sub-daily and the hydrologic model must have sufficient power to process surface flow, subsurface flow, and baseflow. Thus, the features required for watershed-scale modeling are suggested in this study by way of review of frequently used hydrologic models including: Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender(APEX), Catchment hydrologic cycle analysis tool(CAT), Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN(HSPF), Spatio-Temporal River-basin Ecohydrology Analysis Model(STREAM), and Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.243-252
• /
• 2013

This study analyzes the policy-making process to promote the artists' welfare. In the problems stream, the artists have been found to suffer without any governmental support. In the policy stream, there have been various alternatives but they were not actualized. Meanwhile, a writer died of illness and famine in 2011. In the political stream, the public opinion to require the promotion of the artists' welfare, was strengthened. It made the policy-window open and resulted in the legislation of the Artists Welfare Law. Based upon these analyses, this article concludes that Kingdon's model is applicable to this case. Especially, this study shows that this policy was made with accidental events and the roles of informal participants such as netizen were more critical. However, it should be noted that the content of this Law was modified and trimmed because there was no policy entrepreneur to persuade the dissenters. It could made the policy-making process of this Law distinguished from others.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.907-937
• /
• 2018

This study analyzed the policy decision process of the International Science Business Belt (ISBB) applying multiple stream model combining Kingdon (2013) and Howlett et al. (2014) models. We looked at what socio-political factors influenced the process and sought to find ways to promote the project of ISBB and the policy of basic science in the future. As a concrete analysis, the policy decision process was divided into policy, policy formation, and implementation policy, and the streams of problem, process, policy and politics, policy window, and policy participant were used as variables. As a result of the analysis, the stream of politics and the role of the policy-entrepreneur played an important role in the policy decision process. Politicians and government officials were more involved than the scientists.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2004

This study suggests the popular culture theory as a basic framework to find out the characteristics of contemporary fashion show meeting the popular culture, and describes that the show is the popular culture of this generation. The culture is the way of our life unifying the world at common area of human being. The popular culture is to subdivide it into the public culture that shares aesthetic taste, and to borrow each other and develop it mutually because of the collapse of dichotomous boundary with high quality culture, and to represent the people’s thought and behaviour expanding their areas. The author has examined the characteristics of popular culture of modern fashion show by four collections, that is, commercialism, mass media, political relationship and interaction, etc： Firstly, at the commercialism, the fashion show combines it with other genre organically to do mass production and sales and produces cultural consumption goods supplying a lot of sight-seeing. Secondly, at the mass media, the image of contemporary fashion show has been spread out with mass media such as fashion magazines, cable TV and Internet beyond time and space to produce advertisement effects and makes new fashion and bring democratic culture. Thirdly, at political relationship, the fashion in its peak can make a big stream of wealth, so that it plays important roles under governmental regulations in this era and governments make efforts to support and develop it. Lastly, at interaction, the fashion show shares media functions to let users participate in the program and to exchange information as a feedback to influence each other.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.37
• /
• pp.7-29
• /
• 2014

The 'discovery' or 'conquest' of the New World in 1492 was the starting point of world history that irrevocably changed the fate of the Latin American continent. The global stream known as 'Columbian Exchange', which was the widespread inter-continental contacts, inter-civilizational conflicts, or bilateral communication, has rendered multifarious effects throughout many historical periods up to the very contemporary time. The propagation of Catholicism initiated along with this 'discovery' transformed Latin America of nowadays in the region that has the biggest Catholic population in the world. The previous studies in Korea regarding Latin American Catholicism has focused on the spread of Catholicism in relation to the European colonization, rather than analyzing the concrete and detailed ways in which Catholicism exerted tremendous influences in the whole continent. They were less attentive to various historical contexts in which the diffusion of Catholicism differed greatly according to cultural landscapes and political specificities. Thus, this essay attempts to examine the diffusion of Catholicism from the perspective of confrontation between royal authorities and the power of church. The essay points out that the royal communities and institutional authorities which facilitated the intial process of Catholic evangelization maintained antagonistic relationship with ecclesial powers. By delving into the gradual transformation of church systems, it reveals that Catholicism in Latin America became a major field for conquerors in power to attain economic and political dominance. And unlike the initial submission and hospitality, the religious convert of the indigenous people attested to the violent inhumanity and opposition. Therefore, the essay aims to pave a clearer way to the understanding of complicated dynamics and conflicts between Catholicism in Latin America and the establishment of Spanish colonization.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.839-860
• /
• 2013

Drawing on a case of the construction of high-tech medical complexes, this study demonstrates the process of policy formuation. Beause the construction of high-tech medical complexes involves various analytic elements, and changes of political, economic and social environment, Kingdon's Policy Stream Framework is employed for analysis. The analysis ranges from the embarkment of the Presidential Committee on Healthcare Industry Innovation (PCHII) in August, 2005, to the enactment of High-tech Medical Complex Special Act in March, 2008. The analysis illuminates that policy formulation from agenda setting to enactment in the area of biomedical industry involves multiple factors and policy streams. An enactment of policy agenda particularly depends on the roles of multiple stakeholders as welll as policy leaders.