• 제목/요약/키워드: Polarization Observation

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S밴드 이중편파레이더의 부분 빔 차폐영역 내 반사도 보정을 통한 지상강우추정 개선 (Improved Rainfall Estimation Based on Corrected Radar Reflectivity in Partial Beam Blockage Area of S-band Dual-Polarization Radar)

  • 이정은;정성화;김해림;이선기
    • 대기
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.467-481
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    • 2017
  • A correction method of reflectivity in partial beam blockage (PBB) area is suggested, which is based on the combination of digital terrain information and self-consistency principle between polarimetric observation. First, the reflectivity was corrected by adding the radar energy loss estimated from beam blockage simulation using digital elevation model (DEM) and beam propagation geometry in standard atmosphere. The additional energy loss by unexpected obstacles and non-standard beam propagation was estimated by using the coefficient between accumulated reflectivity ($Z_H$) and differences of differential phase shift (${\Phi}_{DP}$) along radial direction. The proposed method was applied to operational S-band dual-polarization radar at Jindo and its performance was compared with those of simulation method and self-consistency method for six rainfall cases. When the accumulated reflectivity and increment of ${\Phi}_{DP}$ along radial direction are too small, the self-consistency method has failed to correct the reflectivity while the combined method has corrected the reflectivity bias reasonably. The correction based on beam simulation showed the underestimation. For evaluation of rainfall estimation, the FBs (FRMSEs) of simulation method and self-consistency principle were -0.32 (0.59) and -0.30 (0.57), respectively. The proposed method showed the lowest FB (-0.24) and FRMSE (0.50). The FB and FMSE were improved by about 18% and by 19% in comparison to those before correction (-0.42 and 0.70). We can conclude that the proposed method can improve the accuracy of rainfall estimation in PBB area.

Spectropolarimetric Signals of Comet 2P/Encke During Its 2017 Apparition

  • Kwon, Yuna Grace;Ishiguro, Masateru;Kuroda, Daisuke;Kawabata, Koji S.;Nakaoka, Tatsuya;Kawabata, Miho;Uemura, Makoto;Shinnaka, Yoshiharu;Akitaya, Hiroshi;collaboration, OISTER
    • 천문학회보
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.49.1-49.1
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    • 2017
  • Comets are one of the most primordial solar system objects that hold the information of the early days of solar system formation inside their nuclei. Orbiting the Sun, they spew such ancient materials that have been buried for many years, creating dust and gas comae. Cometary dust grains absorb and scatter sunlight radiating the continuous light, while gas molecules form the line emissions. Eachof the comets has its own light patterns, which depends on the physical and chemical properties of the dust and gas components. In this regard, spectropolarimetrycan be a powerful tool to study the properties of cometary constituents free from contamination of each other. This methodology offers a series of information on the polarization degrees of the dust and gas components as well as on wavelength dependence of the polarization degree and polarization angle of cometary dust simultaneously. Herein, we will report the results of the spectropolarimetric study of comet 2P/Encke, which is one of the well-known objects for its shortest orbital period and its prominent aging signals. We performed a spectropolarimetric observation of comet 2P/Encke in its inbound orbit using the Higashi-Hiroshima Optical and Near-Infrared Camera (HONIR) at the Higashi-Hiroshima Observatory, Japan, on UT 2017 February 21 at high phase angle of =75.7 deg. Ourstudy of this interesting comet is the first and only one done through spectropolarimetry in a referred publication. We will discuss the most recent polarimetric results of our study in terms of 2P/Encke' scurrent evolutionary status.

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Detection of short-term flux variability and intraday variability in polarized emission at millimeter-wavelength from S5 0716+714

  • Lee, Jeewon;Sohn, Bong Won;Byun, Do-Young;Lee, Jeong Ae;Lee, Sang Sung;Kang, Sincheol;Kim, Sungsoo S.
    • 천문학회보
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    • 제41권2호
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    • pp.33.1-33.1
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    • 2016
  • We report detection of short-term flux variability in multi-epoch observations and intraday variability in polarized emission at millimeter-wavelength from S5 0716+714 using Korean VLBI Network (KVN) radio telescopes. Over the whole observation epochs, the source shows significant inter-month variations at K- and Q-band with modulation indices of 19% at K-band and 36% at Q-band. In each epoch, the source shows monotonic flux increase in Epoch 1 and 3, and monotonic flux decrease in Epoch 2 and 4. We found an inverted spectrum with mean spectral indices of -0.57 in Epoch 1 and -0.15 in Epoch. On the contrary, we found relatively steep indices of 0.24 and 0.17 in Epoch 2 and Epoch 4, respectively. In the study of intraday variability of polarization, we found significant variations in the degree of linear polarization at 86 GHz, and in polarization angle at 43 and 86 GHz during ~10 h. The spectrum of the source is quite flat with spectral indices of -0.07 to 0.07 at 22-43 GHz and -0.23 to 0.04 at 43-86 GHz. The measured degree of the linear polarization ranges from 2.3% to 3.3 % at 22 GHz, from 0.9% to 2.2 % at 43 GHz and from 0.4 % to 4.0 % at 86 GHz, yielding prominent variations at 86 GHz over 4-5 h. The linear polarization angle is in the range of 4 to $12^{\circ}$ at 22 GHz, -39 to $81^{\circ}$ at 43 GHz, and 66 to 119 at 86 GHz with a maximum rotation of $110^{\circ}$ at 43 GHz over ~4 h. We estimated the Faraday rotation measures (RM) ranging from -9200 to 6300 rad m-2 between 22 and 43 GHz, and from -71000 to 7300 rad m-2 between 43 and 86 GHz, respectively. The frequency dependency of RM was investigated, yielding a mean power-law index, a, of 2.0. This implies that the polarized emission from S5 0716+714 at 22-86 GHz moves through a Faraday screen in or near the jet of the source.

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이중편파 레이더의 강우 추정 알고리즘별 수문학적 적용성 평가 (Evaluation of hydrological applicability for rainfall estimation algorithms of dual-polarization radar)

  • 이명진;이충기;유영훈;곽재원;김형수
    • 한국수자원학회논문집
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    • 제54권1호
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    • pp.27-38
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    • 2021
  • 최근 레이더 강우량을 수문학적으로 활용하기 위한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 하지만 기상레이더의 경우 관측 특성상 산악 효과 등으로 인한 관측 영역의 한계로 빔의 차폐가 발생하며, 이는 강우량의 과소 추정의 원인이 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기상 레이더의 수문학적 활용을 위해 Hybrid Surface Rainfall (HSR)기법을 활용하여 레이더 강우를 추정하였으며, 분포형 유출모형인 GRM 모형을 활용하여 유출 해석을 수행하였다. 5개의 강우 사상에 대해 강우 보정 및 유출 모의를 수행한 결과 HSR 기법을 활용한 이중편파 레이더 강우량(Q_H_KDP)이 지상 강우량의 15% 이내의 오차를 보이며 정확성이 가장 높았으며, 이를 활용하여 유출 해석을 수행한 결과 역시 R2 0.9 이상 NRMSE가 0.8 이하, NSE 0.5 이상의 정확도를 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통하여 이중편파 레이더 강우의 적용성을 확인할 수 있었으며, 향후 레이더의 수문학적 활용에 관련된 연구에 활용성이 클 것으로 판단된다.

태양플레어망원경의 관측 시스템 (OBSERVATION SYSTEM OF SOLAR FLARE TELESCOPE)

  • 박영득;문용재;장비호;심경진
    • 천문학논총
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.35-45
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    • 1997
  • SOFT($\underline{So}lar\;\underline{F}lare\;\underline{T}elescope$) installed at BOAO(Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory) is purposed for observing solar active regions using four refractors on single mount with a $400"\times300"$ field of view: Two refractors with a diameter of 15cm(f15) are observe the white light and $H\alpha$, and the other two refractors with a diameter of 20cm(f8) are observe the magnetic field distribution and Doppler shifts at the solar chromosphere. Three Lyot filters, one of the most important observational instruments, are installed on the optical rails for VMG, LMG, and $H\alpha$ that possible to very narrow pass band observation under high precision stability of temperature. From the combination of KD*P and quarter wave plate in the Lyot filter possible observe the magnetic fields strength and doppler shifts by using the characteristics of polarization components. In this paper, we introduce the basic characteristics, optical system, and monitor system of the SOFT.

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편광을 통한 수화한 소행성 연구 (Study of Hydrated Asteroids via Polarimetry: Correlation between Polarimetric Properties and the Degree of Aqueous Alteration of Hydrated asteroids)

  • 김주연
    • 천문학회보
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    • 제46권1호
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    • pp.46.1-46.1
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    • 2021
  • Hydrated asteroids get widespread attention for the evolution of water in the Solar System, especially thanks to the recent successes of the Hayabusa2 and OSIRIS-REx space missions. The target asteroids of these missions are believed to be fragments that have experienced aqueous alteration in their parent bodies [3]. Although hydrated asteroids have been studied well via spectroscopy, focusing on the 0.7 um or the 2.7 um absorption bands [2, 3, 4], polarimetric properties of these asteroids have rarely been investigated. In this study, we conducted a polarimetric observation of 18 C-complex main-belt asteroids with the 1.6-m Pirka telescope at the Nayoro Observatory of Hokkaido University, Japan. We used a polarimetric imaging mode of the Multi-Spectral Imager (MSI) with the standard Rc-band filter (the central wavelength at 0.64 um) [5]. As a result, we found that all of these hydrated asteroids indicate deep negative branches of their polarimetric profiles. Accordingly, the hydrated asteroids have the polarization minima (Pmin), whose values are significantly lower than any other taxonomic types of asteroids (including C-group asteroids). Because Pmin depends on albedo, particle size, and porosity of the surface materials [1], we suspect that hydrated asteroids are distinctive from other asteroids in terms of these physical properties. In this presentation, we introduce our polarimetric observation and findings. We discuss why hydrated asteroids indicate such low Pmin values, comparing Pmin with spectral features at 0.7 um and 2.7 um based on the observation results.

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Polarimetry of solar system small bodies using the Seoul National University 61cm telescope and TRIPOL

  • Jin, Sunho;Ishiguro, Masateru;Kwon, Yuna Grace;Geem, Jooyeon;Bach, Yoonsoo P.;Seo, Jinguk;Sasago, Hiroshi;Sato, Shuji
    • 천문학회보
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    • 제44권1호
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    • pp.64.2-64.2
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    • 2019
  • It is known that lights scattered by comets and asteroids are partially polarized. From polarimetric observations of those objects, we can investigate physical properties, such as albedos, sizes of cometary dust particles and regolith of asteroids. Since the polarization degrees of those objects highly depend on their phase angles (Sun-object-observer's angles), long-term monitoring observations are required. Moreover, comets show unforeseeable activations (i.e., outbursts) which need follow-up observations to understand the mechanism. In order to realize such monitoring and transient observations, we installed the Triple-Range Imager and POLarimeter (TRIPOL) on the 61cm telescope of Seoul National University (Hereafter, SNU) Gwanak campus. With this combination, we can obtain g', r', i' bands photopolarimetric images simultaneously with $8.0^{\prime}{\times}8.0^{\prime}$ field of view and pixel resolution of 0.94" pixel-1. Here, we make a presentation regarding the photometric and polarimetric performances of TRIPOL on the SNU 61cm telescope. In addition, we introduce initial polarimetric results of asteroid and comets with the instruments. First, we determine the limiting magnitudes (defined as magnitudes for S/N=5) of $15.17{\pm}0.06$ (g'-band), $15.68{\pm}0.01$ (r'-band), $16.24{\pm}0.03$ (I'-band), respectively, with total 240-seconds exposure (four 60-seconds exposure images, each was taken at different rotation angle for the half-wave plate). Second, we found that the instrumental polarization is negligibly small, ($-0.32{\pm}0.04%$ in the g', $-0.36{\pm}0.05%$ in the r' and $-0.21{\pm}0.04%$ in the i'-bands), while the polarization efficiencies are large enough to maximize the performance (i.e., $97.52{\pm}0.03%$ in the g', $98.83{\pm}0.02%$ in the r' and $99.15{\pm}0.02%$ in the i'-bands). With the instruments, we made observations of three Jupiter-family comets, 21P/Giacobini-Zinner, 38P/Stephan-Oterma, and 46P/Wirtanen and plan to observe one near-Earth asteroid, (433) Eros, on a trial basis. Especially for comets, we discriminate signals from dust and gas to eliminate gas contamination, which are known to change observed degree of linear polarization, using multi-band images. We confirm that the phase angle dependency of these comets are consistent with previous observations, probably because polarimetric property of Jupiter-family comets are broadly homogeneous unlike asteroids. We will also describe future observation plans using TRIPOL and SNU 61cm telescope.

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KVN/KaVA AGN WG report - Preparation of KVN/KaVA AGN Key Science

  • Sohn, Bong Won;Kino, Motoki
    • 천문학회보
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    • 제39권2호
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    • pp.115-115
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    • 2014
  • First, We will briefly introduce early science results of AGN observations with KVN and KaVA. KaVA is the combined array of the Korean VLBI network (KVN) and VLBI Exploration of Radio Astronomy (VERA). These include KaVA monitoring of M87, Sgr A* and a few bright blazars and KVN Search for circular polarized Blazars. Furthermore, we will present our future plan of monitoring observation of Sgr A* and M87 with KaVA and Low Radio Power AGN multi frequency polarization survey with KVN. Because of the largeness of their centralsuper-massive black holes, we select them as top-priority sources of our key science program (KSP). The main science goals of the KaVA KSP are (1) mapping the velocity field of the M87 jet and testing magnetically-driven-jet paradigm, and (2) obtaining tightest constraints on physical properties of radio emitting region in Sgr A. High sensitivity achieved through simultaneous multifrequency phase referencing technique of KVN will allow us to explore Low Radio Power AGN cores which build majority of AGNs and therefore are important for undestanding the evolution of AGNs and of their hosts.

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The Study of Molecular Structures for New Banana-shaped Liquid Crystals

  • Choi, S.;Huang, Y.M.;Jakli, A.;Lim, T.K.;Lee, C.K.;Shin, S.T.
    • 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보디스플레이학회 2003년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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    • pp.595-599
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    • 2003
  • We have studied the phase transition to look for molecular structure by using several different techniques for new banana-shaped liquid crystals shown in Fig. 1. Based on the similarities to recently observed fluro-contaning materials (switching involves layer structure rearrangement, increasing threshold with increasing temperature) for HC sample (where x is H), we assume that the phase C has a triclinic symmetry corresponding to the double tilted $smC_G$ Phase. The observation that the polarization peak appears at lower field ($E_o{\sim}15V/{\mu}m$) than the amplitude of the threshold ($E_{th}$) can be explained assuming a field induced $SmC_G$ - SmCP (or SmAP) transition at $E_{th}$

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잔향챔버내에서 공간 상관도에 의한 MIMO 시스템의 성능평가 (Performance Evaluation of MIMO System by Spatial Correlation in Reverberation Chamber)

  • 김종성
    • 전자공학회논문지
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    • 제51권10호
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    • pp.26-33
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    • 2014
  • 잔향챔버내에 모드 스터러가 회전하는 조건에서 $2{\times}2$ MIMO 시스템에 대한 다중경로 페이딩에 대한 공간 코릴레이션을 구한다. 잔향 챔버내에서 $2{\times}2$ MIMO 시스템에 기초한 다중경로 환경에 대한 공간 상관도를 계산한다. 이 방식은 안테나 다이버시티 시스템에서 다이버시티 이득에 대한 가능성을 정량화하는데 이용할 수 있다.