• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.199-200
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• 2002

GX-12 is a naked DNA vaccine developed by research team of Dong-A Pharmaceutical Company, Green Cross Company and Genexine for the treatment of HIV infection. It consists of four separate plasmids (pGX10-GE HX, pGX10-dpol JR, pGX10-VN/TV JR, pGX10-hIL-12m), which were constructed by inserting the HIV-1 gag-env, pol, regulatory genes and a human IL-12 mutant gene into pGX10 plasmid vectors.(omitted)

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.59.3-60
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• 2020

We present the results of polarization observations at submillimeter wavelengths towards Monoceros R2 (Mon R2). The polarized thermal dust emission was obtained from SCUBA-2/POL-2 at 450 ㎛ and 850 ㎛, simultaneously. This observation is a part of the JCMT BISTRO survey project. The polarization angle distributions at 450 ㎛ and 850 ㎛ are similar and the mean value of angle differences at two wavelengths is 5.5 degrees. The Mon R2 is one of massive star-forming regions containing a clear hub-filamentary structure. The hub region shows star formation activities, and surrounding filaments provide channels for matters to move into the hub region. It is not well known the role of magnetic fields in a hub-filamentary structure. Some studies have shown well-ordered polarization segments along a filamentary structure and magnetic field morphology traced by polarization segments is interpreted as to help gas flow along the filamentary structrue. Our observations shows that filaments in Mon R2 have spiral structure and the magnetic field lines are parallel to the filaments. We interpret that the spiral structure can be formed by a rotation hub-filament system with gas flowing along the filaments to the hub. We found several dust clumps at the central part of the hub region of the Mon R2. They seems to be formed at locations where spiral field lines meet each other. These results show one observational example that a magnetic field play a role in gas flow.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.669-675
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• 1998

Taq DNA polymerase exhibits a sizable drawback compared to the other thermophilic DNA polymerases in that it demonstrates lower proof-reading activity due to the deficiency of 3'-5'exonuclease activity. A study was undertaken to improve the 3'-5' exonuclease activity in the PCR of Taq DNA polymerase. The three-dimensional structural alignment of the polymerase and 3'-5' exonuclease domains from the pol I family DNA polymerases explains why Taq DNA polymerase has just a background level of 3'-5'exonuclease activity. A comparison indicated that the two polymerase domains are very similar in primary and tertiary conformations, even though Taq DNA polymerase carries a much shorter 3'-5'exonuclease domain than that of E. coli DNA polymerase I. Those two polymerase domains were interchanged between Taq DNA polymerase and E. coli DNA polymerase I. The 3'-5' exonuclease domain from E. coli DNA polymerase I was separated and pasted into the polymerase domain of Taq DNA polymerase I, which resulted in a functional fusion-Stoffel fragment. The 3'-5'exonuclease activity of the fusion-Stoffel fragment increased up to 48% of the value of the Klenow fragment, while that of Taq DNA polymerase remained at 6.0% of the Klenow fragment.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.251-264
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• 2004

The effects of a class of nonlinear Tuned Mass Dampers on the aeroelastic behavior of SDOF systems are investigated. Unlike classical linear TMDs, nonlinear constitutive laws of the internal damping acting between the primary oscillator and the TMD are considered, while the elastic properties are keept linear. The perturbative Multiple Scale Method is applied to derive a set of bifurcation equations in the amplitude and phase and a parametric analysis is performed to describe the postcritical scenario of the system. Both cubic- and van der Pol-type dampings are considered and the dependence of the limit-cycle amplitudes on the system parameters is studied. These new results, compared with the previously obtained bifurcation scenario of a SDOF aeroelastic oscillator equipped with a linear TMD, show a detrimental effect on the maximum limit-cycle amplitude reduction of the nonlinear TMD. However, the analyses evidence that in the parameter region away from the perfect tuning condition the nonlinear connection can be used to tune the system with an enhancement of the limit-cycle amplitude reduction.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.441-455
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• 2019

In this study, vortex induced vibrations of a cylinder mounted on a flexible rod are analyzed. This simple configuration represents the key element of new conception bladeless wind turbine (Whitlock 2015). In this study the structure oscillations equation coupled to the wake oscillation equation for this configuration are solved using analytical perturbation method, for the first time. An analytical expression that predicts the lock-in phenomena range of wind speed is derived. The discretized equations of motion are also solved using RKF45 numerical method. The equations of motion are discretized by Galerkin method. Free vibration mode shape of the structure taking into account the discontinuity of the cross section are used as comparison function. Numerical results are compared to the analytical results, and they show a satisfying agreement. The effect of system parameters on the oscillations of structure and wake as well as on the lock-in domain are presented. Moreover, it is shown that the values of wind speed triggering the start and the stop of the lock-in phenomenon, for increasing wind speed are different from those values obtained during the reverse process, i.e., when the wind speed decreases.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.291-298
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effect of coloring liquids on the shear bond strength between zirconia and veneering ceramic. Methods: Zirconia(15 mm in diameter, 2.5 mm in thickness; n=40) used in the experiment were divided into 5 groups depending on the coloring liquid. Each specimen were polished using a polishing machine(LaboPol-2, Struers, UK). A cylinder of veneering porcelain(6 mm in diameter, 3 mm in thickness) was fabricated and fired on zirconia surfaces. The shear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine(Model 4302, Instron, USA). All data were analyzed statistically using a one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparisons test. After the shear bond test, fracture surfaces were examined by SEM. Results: Colored zirconia showed a higher shear bonding strength than that of uncolored zirconia except for colored zirconia immersed in Zirkonzahn coloring liquid. In particular, colored zirconia immersed in Kuwotech coloring liquid showed the highest shear bond strength. After the shear bond test, mixed failure patterns were mainly observed in the failure between zirconia and veneering ceramic. Conclusion: Coloring liquid enhanced the shear bond strength zirconia and veneering ceramic than uncolored zirconia.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.389-396
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• 2022

Tourism has always played an important role in socio-economic development in Vietnam and in many countries around the world. Tourism is also an industry that has attracted a large number of workers in the past two decades in Vietnam in general and territories in particular. Over the past two decades, tourism in the southern Red River sub-region has created thousands of jobs for local workers and neighboring provinces. The study aims to examine the factors affecting the employment decision of workers in the tourism industry in the South Red River sub-region. Using a pilot study surveying 10 workers in three provinces to adjust the questionnaire and a sample data of 193 observations were performed. The experimental results prove that the independent variables explain 64% of the variation of the dependent variable, and other reasons can explain the rest (36%). Research results show that four factors, namely, welfare (WE), working conditions (IN), the potential for tourism development (POT), and development policy (POL) have a positive impact on the employment decision of workers. Meanwhile, the two factors that are tourism cooperation (CO)and Education (EDU), have an insignificant impact on the employment decision of workers in the southern Red River sub-region.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.131-142
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• 2005

The principles on which the Internet was designed and has evolved were first laid out in an explicit way 20 years age. The basic principle is that in layered communications network such as the Internet, functions should always be implemented at the end systems whenever the option exists. This applies to all functions that can be implemented either in the network or at the end systems. End-to-end arguments have recently been reexamined as the Internet and its uses have evolved, and a new set of requirements has begun to emerge. In addition to these, it add a new, and perhaps more important, requirement to this list in the case of heterogeneous networks: the proliferation of unpredictable wireless networks. Wireless networks must cope with dynamic link conditions not present in wired infrastructures, which place a heavy burden on quality of service management solutions. Managing QoS in the face of constantly changing operating conditions demands dynamic management approaches that span multiple layers in the protocol stack. Such as cross-layer design approaches have recently received attention in the context of cellular and mobile special networks. This article introduce the notion of network predictability and describe its relationship to achievable QoS. This relationship is used to propose a framework for cross layer design that can be used to guide development efforts and direct investment decisions for future networks.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.35-54
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• 2022

A comparative study of aeroelastic vibrations of spring-mass cylinder and chimneys, with the help of a few wake oscillator models available in the literature, is presented. The models include those proposed by Facchinetti, Farshidian and Dolatabadi method-I, Farshidian and Dolatabadi method-II, de Langre, Skop and Griffin. Besides, the linear model proposed by Simiu and Scanlan is also incorporated in the study. For chimneys, the first mode oscillation is considered, and the top displacements of the chimneys are evaluated using the considered models. The results of the analytical model are compared with those obtained from the numerical solution of the wake-oscillator coupled equations. The response behavior of the cylinder and three chimneys of different heights are studied and compared with respect to critical parametric variations. The results of the study indicate that the numerical analysis is essential to capture the effect of non-linear aeroelastic phenomena in the solutions, especially for small damping. Further, except for the models proposed by Farshidian and Dolatabadi, other models predict nearly the same responses. The non-linear model predicts a much higher response as compared to the linear model.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.49-60
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• 2023

The study attempts to examine the relationship among revenue growth factors from different angles and provides a comprehensive overview of tax revenue collection for developing countries. The impact of income tax, customs duty, and value-added tax on the gross domestic product is examined using the ordinary least-square (OLS) multiple regression approach. To confirm the association, a multiple regression model is applied to time-series data. SPSS software, MS Excel, is used to draw the empirical results, trend analysis, and some graphical presentation to reach the study's objective. The findings show that while the value-added tax has a significant impact and the highest coefficient, regardless of country, income tax and customs duty may or may not be significant depending on the circumstances. It triggers effectual and efficacious economic growth. The paper has implications in policy-making areas where governments are seeking how to stimulate revenue growth effectively and efficiently. To promote economic growth, the tax net and tax rate on luxury goods should be increased along with human resources in the tax administration for the short term. But in the long term, decentralization & digitization of tax administration, dismantling the existing tax barriers and good governance are necessary.