• ETRI Journal
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1160-1163
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• 2013

Herein, we propose a novel method to create multidirectional and multilevel pointing input using only a hardware keyboard. The relative position vectors among pressed keys are calculated into an input vector. The pointing performance of this method is evaluated based on the ISO 9241-9 recommendations. We find that the performance of the method is sufficient to create moderate pointing input, as the measurement of the throughput is close to that of a touchpad, as measured in past studies also using the ISO 9241-9 recommendations.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2000

An experiment was designed to evaluate Fitts' law for the three-dimensional virtual pointing task and to compare the three input devices; Spaceball, Spacemouse, and 3D-Mouse. The result showed that Fitts law fitted poorly for the three-dimensional pointing tasks with relatively low coefficients of determinant. Three reasons, high degree-of-freedom, dynamic egocentric viewpoint change, and clutching problem were discussed to explain the poor fitness of Fitts' law. In terms of device comparison, the 3D-Mouse was superior to the other input devices. Also, the stereoscopic display significantly increased the performance. The results of this study can be used for the design of virtual control tasks and the selection of suitable input devices.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한인간공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.253-258
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• 1996

Virtual reality environment system is expected to be used as a new user interface tool oweing to its high immersiveness and high interactivity. To use VR interface effectively, we should identify the characteristics of the three-dimensional control tasks as if we did in two-dimensional graphic user interface environments. As a first step, we validated Fitts'law for the three-dimensional pointing tasks with the two input devices, Spaceball and Spacemouse. Different from the two-dimensional control tasks, VR pointing tasks needed inclusion of a new variable, size of the moving object, to Fitts'law. The modified

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2007

Input devices of wearable computer are difficult to use, so a lot of alternative pointing devices have been considered in recent years. In order to resolve this problem, this paper proposed a dynamic gain control method which is able to improve the performance of wearable pointing device and showed an experimental result comparing this method with conventional method. Also the effects of methods were compared in terms of device (wearable and desktop). The result of calculating throughputs(index of performance) by Fitts' law showed that the pointing performance in dynamic gain condition was improved 1.4 times more than normal gain.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.281-284
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• 2006

본 논문은 지체장애인들의 컴퓨터 접근성을 향상시키기 위해서 Head Pointing System을 기반으로한 키보드 대체 방법을 제안한다. 먼저 컴퓨터의 접근성을 돕기위해 현재 사용되고있는 Head Pointing System에는 어떤 기능을 대체하고 있는지 간략하게 살펴보고, 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법이 이전에 사용되었던 Head Pointing System, On-Screen Keyboard를 함께 사용하여 문자를 입력하는 방식에 비해 어떤 이점이 있는 확인한다. 또한, Quikwriting 방식을 사용하여 사용자에게 단순하고 직관적인 제스쳐를 요구하도록하여 입력에 대한 부담을 낮추고, 사용자 개인의 제스쳐 특성에 따라 문자를 입력할 수 있도록 하기위해 신경망 알고리즘을 사용하였고 이를통해 Head Pointing System기반 문자입력 방법이 유용함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose advanced screen detector as a tool for selecting the object for tracking and estimating its distance from a screen using fuzzy logic in vision based pointing device. Our system classifies the line component of the input image into horizontal and vertical lines and applies the fuzzy rule to obtain the best line pair which constitute peripheral framework of the screen. The proposed system improves the detection ratio for detecting the screen in relative to the detector used in the previous works for hand-held type vision based pointing device. Also it allows to detect the screen even though a small part of it may be hidden behind other object.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.285-297
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• 2000

One of the research objectives in the area of multimedia human-computer interaction is the application of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies to the development of computer interfaces. This involves utilizing many forms of media, integrating speed input, natural language, graphics, hand pointing gestures, and other methods for interactive dialogues. Although current human-computer communication methods include computer keyboards, mice, and other traditional devices, the two basic ways by which people communicate with each other are voice and gesture. This paper reports on research focusing on the development of an intelligent multimedia interface system modeled based on the manner in which people communicate. This work explores the interaction between humans and computers based only on the processing of speech(Work uttered by the person) and processing of images(hand pointing gestures). The purpose of the interface is to control a pan/tilt camera to point it to a location specified by the user through utterance of words and pointing of the hand, The systems utilizes another stationary camera to capture images of the users hand and a microphone to capture the users words. Upon processing of the images and sounds, the systems responds by pointing the camera. Initially, the interface uses hand pointing to locate the general position which user is referring to and then the interface uses voice command provided by user to fine-the location, and change the zooming of the camera, if requested. The image of the location is captured by the pan/tilt camera and sent to a color TV monitor to be displayed. This type of system has applications in tele-conferencing and other rmote operations, where the system must respond to users command, in a manner similar to how the user would communicate with another person. The advantage of this approach is the elimination of the traditional input devices that the user must utilize in order to control a pan/tillt camera, replacing them with more "natural" means of interaction. A number of experiments were performed to evaluate the interface system with respect to its accuracy, efficiency, reliability, and limitation.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.625-631
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• 2016

포인터 네트워크는 어텐션 메커니즘(Attention mechanism)을 기반으로 입력열에 대응되는 위치를 결과 리스트로 출력하는 모델이다. 포인터 네트워크를 수행할 때 입력열의 크기를 N이라고 하면, 각 입력에 대한 어텐션(attention)을 계산하기 때문에 시간복잡도는 $O(N^2)$이 되어 디코딩 시간이 길어진다. 이에 따라, 본 논문에서는 포인터 네트워크의 디코딩 시간을 줄이기 위하여 디코딩 시에 필요한 입력 정보만을 확인하는 스킵 포인팅 모델 기반 포인터 네트워크를 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법을 이용하여 대명사 상호참조해결에 대한 실험을 수행한 결과, 일반 포인터 네트워크에 비하여 문장당 처리 시간이 약 1.15배 빠른 속도와, MUC F1 값이 약 2.17% 향상된 83.60%의 성능을 보였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1996년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국내학술편); 포항공과대학교, 포항; 24-26 Oct. 1996
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• pp.804-807
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• 1996

In this paper, a new model of TDF(two degree of freedom) spin-stabilized platform has been suggested. The platform driving signal modulated in the spinning frequency is described in demodulated form keeping its precession angular velocity. When a strong spinning torque exists, the cross-axis spring constant cannot be neglected in modelling of the platform precession dynamics. A linearized dynamic model of spin-stabilized platform pointing loop is derived and validated through the comparison between simulation and experimental results.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2011

본 연구는 Interactive TV (iTV)에 적용될 수 있는 시험용 Remote Pointing Device에 대한 수행도 평가를 수행하였다. 최근 업계에서 시도되고 있는 3개의 서로 다른 인터페이스 방식의 포인팅 디바이스를 대상으로 경험적 실험을 실시하였다. 측정방법으로 기존의 ISO 9241-Part 9에 명시된 직선궤도상의 Directional Task수행하였고, 측정변수로는 움직임 시간, 정확도, 효율성, 그리고 주관적 만족도를 평가하였다. 연구결과, 움직임 시간은 GyroPoint 방식이 다른 Device에 비해 높은 수행도를 보였으나, 정확도는 Hall Mouse와 OFN방식에 비해 낮은 결과를 보였다. 그리고 효율성과 주관적 만족도는 각 입력장치에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 최근 시도되고 있는 주요 포인팅 장치에 대한 연구로 문제점 및 특징을 분석함으로써 iTV환경에 보다 적합한 리모컨 설계에 유용한 자료를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.