• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.734-743
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• 2007

Polyurethane foam-disk passive air samplers (PAS) were deployed in a southern area of Korea for three months. The target compounds were 12 coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The congener profiles measured in this study were the same as those in ambient air and emission gas from the incinerator. A gradient of the total PCBs in different regions (industrial>residential>rural) was observed, suggesting the industrial complex may be an important source of coplanar PCBs. In general, only gas-phase compounds are mainly sequestrated by PAS. In order to estimate the concentration of particle-phase PCBs, a gas/particle partition model was used. A combined result (gas+particle-phase PCBs) was compared with previous results, indicating that the level of coplanar PCBs in our study area is comparable to those in other urban sites in the world. The validation of this method for estimating the total concentration is required through additional backup studies.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.641-646
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to observe how balance exercise on an unstable platform and on a stable platform affects balance ability. The subjects were 35 adults in their 20s and were randomly assigned to a stable platform group and an unstable platform group. They performed balance exercise three times per week for six weeks. Balance exercise introduced by previous research was modified and complemented for use in this study. Balance ability of the subjects was measured through center of pressure(COP) area, medial-lateral displacement, and anterior-posterior displacement using a portable balance platform BT4. There was significant difference in the COP area between the unstable platform exercise group and the stable platform exercise group. In comparison in differences between the unstable platform exercise group and the stable platform exercise group after the exercise, there was significant difference in anterior-posterior movement. Therefore, exercise on an unstable platform is more effective than exercise on a stable platform in strengthening balance ability.

• 임산에너지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2002

경상북도 포항 지역에서 생육하는 평균 수령 37년생 상수리나무 천연림 생태계의 지상부 현존생물량 및 연순생산량을 분석하기 위해 2001년 8월에 총 10주의 표본목을 선정 벌목하였다. 수식 Wt=aD/sup b/ 를 사용하여 추정한 지상부 총 현존생물량은 115.47ton/ha으로 나타났다. 부위별 구성비는 수간목부 63.9%, 생지부 19.8%, 수피 14.0%, 그리고 잎 1.2%의 순으로 높았다. 총 연순생산량은 7.89ton/ha이었으며, 부위별 구성비는 현존생물량의 경우와는 다르게 수간목부, 수피, 생지부, 그리고 잎의 순 이었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2023

A bridge transportation network supplies products from various source nodes to destination nodes through bridge structures in a target region. However, recent frequent earthquakes have caused damage to bridge structures, resulting in extreme direct damage to the target area as well as indirect damage to other lifeline structures. Therefore, in this study, a surrogate model-based comprehensive framework to estimate the seismic resilience of bridge transportation networks is proposed. For this purpose, total system travel time (TSTT) is introduced for accurate performance indicator of the bridge transportation network, and an artificial neural network (ANN)-based surrogate model is constructed to reduce traffic analysis time for high-dimensional TSTT computation. The proposed framework includes procedures for constructing an ANN-based surrogate model to accelerate network performance computation, as well as conventional procedures such as direct Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) calculation and bridge restoration calculation. To demonstrate the proposed framework, Pohang bridge transportation network is reconstructed based on geographic information system (GIS) data, and an ANN model is constructed with the damage states of the transportation network and TSTT using the representative earthquake epicenter in the target area. For obtaining the seismic resilience curve of the Pohang region, five epicenters are considered, with earthquake magnitudes 6.0 to 8.0, and the direct and indirect damages of the bridge transportation network are evaluated. Thus, it is concluded that the proposed surrogate model-based framework can efficiently evaluate the seismic resilience of a high-dimensional bridge transportation network, and also it can be used for decision-making to minimize damage.

• 환경생물
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 1999

동해 연안에 위치한 대진, 갈남, 포항, 울산 등 4개 지역의 연안역을 대상으로 1994년 7월부터 1995년 4월까지 계절별로 4회에 걸쳐서 영양염과 유기물질의 분포에 관련된 환경요인, 영양염류, 부유성 유기물질 및 엽록소 함량 등을 조사하였다. BOD는 울산 처용암이 모든 정점 중에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 영양염류의 농도는 근처에 오염원이 많은 포항과 울산의 처용암에서 전 조사기간 동안에 걸쳐 전반적으로 높았다. 특히, 처용암은 조사된 모든 영양염의 값이 월등히 높아 고도의 과영양해역임이 판명되었다. 울산의 장생포 지역도 비교적 높은 수치를 나타내 부영양해역에 속하는 것으로 나타났다. 부유성유기물질은 3~10${\mu}m$ 크기의 입자가 총부피의 70%를 차지하였다. 부유성 유기물질은 주변 도시와 공단으로부터 많은 오폐수가 유입되는 포항과 울산에서 높은 값을 나타내었는데 이는 주로 주변으로부터 유입되는 오폐수의 영향일 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2009

Johne's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of cattle, sheep, goats and other ruminants, and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the etiologic agent of this disease. Many studies have been carried out on paratuberculosis from daily cattle and Korean native cattle in multiple areas around nation, but there is no report in Eastern-Gyeongbuk area. The purpose of this study is to investigate the seroprevalence of bovine paratuberculosis in Eastern-Gyeongbuk area. From July to December in 2007, blood samples were collected from 363 dairy cattle of 27 farms and 281 Korean cattle of 114 farms and the ELISA was conducted. 25 (6.9%) dairy cattle of 6 (22%) farms and 19 (6.8%) Korean cattle of 8 (7.0%) farms were positive in ELISA. In regional analysis, 25 (8.3%) out of 300 dairy cattle in Gyeungju were positive and Pohang were negative in this research. 12 (16.4%) out of 73 Korean cattle in Gyeungju and 7 (9.6%) out of 73 Korean cattle in Uljin were positive. Pohang and Youngdeok of Korean cattle were negative in this research. According to raising scale of dairy cattle, 4 (66.7%) farms out of 6 farms were raising 30 below and 2 (33.3%) farms out of were raising 30$\sim$70. And there were negative raising scale more than 70. In Korean cattle, 6 (75%) farms out of 8 were raising below 10 and 2 (25%) farms were raising 10$\sim$30. And there were negative raising scale more than 30. The rate of seropositive of paratuberculosis dairy cattle and Korean cattle were similar and the positive rate of Eastern-Gyeongbuk area is reported lower than that of any other region.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.697-703
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• 2002

In the present study, space allocation methods of pollutant emission from area and mobile sources are assessed by the actual application to air quality modeling of Pohang area. It is found that the TM-based modeling which allocates emission onto the 1km x 1km sized TM-grid system predicts almost the same mean ground-level concentration as that by the GIS-based modeling which uses geographical information of area and mobile sources directly, while maximum ground-level concentration by the TM-based modeling is predicted considerably lower than that by the GIS-based modeling. Moreover, the problem is found that the TM-based modeling causes deviation of mobile roads. In conclusion, it is anticipated to applying GIS-based modeling for a more accurate assessment of air quality in local scale.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.185-189
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• 2004

For face recognition system, a face detector which can find exact face region from complex image is needed. Many face detection algorithms have been developed under the assumption that background of the source image is quite simple . this means that face region occupy more than a quarter of the area of the source image or the background is one-colored. Color-based face detection is fast but can't be applicable to the images of which the background color is similar to face color. And the algorithm using neural network needs so many non-face data for training and doesn't guarantee general performance. In this paper, A multi-scale, multi-face detection algorithm using PCA is suggested. This algorithm can find most multi-scaled faces contained in static images with small number of training data in reasonable time.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2017

A new paradigm based on distributed manufacturing services is emerging. This paradigm shift can be realized by smart functions and smart technologies such as Cyber Physical System (CPS), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Cloud Computing. Most architectures define stack levels from Level 0 (equipment) to Level 4 (business area) and specify the services to be provided between them. Because of their a rough technical specification, there is a limitation on how to actually utilize a technology to actually implement a smart factory service with this architecture. In this paper, we propose a smart factory architecture that can be utilized directly from the perspective of a smart service system by making the use of System Engineering Process and System Modeling Language (SysML).

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.674-677
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• 2005

The characteristics of geothermal resources in Korea was roughly estimated using hot springs, 580 geothermal gradients and 338 heat flow data. In the aspect of hot springs with geologic structure, location of hot springs coincide with fault zone, especially younger age of Cretaceous to Tertiary. In the aspect of geothermal gradients, Pohang area shows the highest geothermal gradient anomaly, which is covered with unconsol idated rock of low thermal conductivity preserving the residual heat from igneous activity or radioactivity elements decay. In the aspect of heat flow density, high anomaly can be found along the zone connecting Uljin-Pohang-Busan on the southeastern part of Korean peninsula at which big fault zone as Yangsan fault is well developed.