• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2018

Four isoforms of calcium binding proteins containing 2 EF hand motifs and a dynein light chain-like domain in the human liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini, namely OvCaBP1, 2, 3, and 4, were characterized. They had molecular weights of 22.7, 21.6, 23.7, and 22.5 kDa, respectively and showed 37.2-42.1% sequence identity to CaBP22.8 of O. viverrini. All were detected in 2- and 4-week-old immature and mature parasites. Additionally, OvCaBP4 was found in newly excysted juveniles. Polyclonal antibodies against each isoform were generated to detect the native proteins in parasite extracts by Western blot analysis. All OvCaBPs were detected in soluble and insoluble crude worm extracts and in the excretory-secretory product, at approximate sizes of 21-23 kDa. The ion-binding properties of the proteins were analyzed by mobility shift assays with the divalent cations $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, and $Cu^{2+}$. All OvCaBPs showed mobility shifts with $Ca^{2+}$ and $Zn^{2+}$. OvCaBP1 showed also positive results with $Mg^{2+}$ and $Cu^{2+}$. As tegumental proteins, OvCaBP1, 2, and 3 are interesting drug targets for the treatment of opisthorchiasis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.643-652
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• 2017

Calreticulin (CALR), a multifunctional protein thoroughly researched in mammals, comprises N-, P-, and C-domain and has roles in calcium homeostasis, chaperoning, clearance of apoptotic cells, cell adhesion, and also angiogenesis. In this study, the spatial and temporal expression patterns of the Opisthorchis viverrini CALR gene were analyzed, and calcium-binding and chaperoning properties of recombinant O. viverrini CALR (OvCALR) investigated. OvCALR mRNA was detected from the newly excysted juvenile to the mature parasite by RT-PCR while specific antibodies showed a wide distribution of the protein. OvCALR was localized in tegumental cell bodies, testes, ovary, eggs, Mehlis' gland, prostate gland, and vitelline cells of the mature parasite. Recombinant OvCALR showed an in vitro suppressive effect on the thermal aggregation of citrate synthase. The recombinant OvCALR C-domain showed a mobility shift in native gel electrophoresis in the presence of calcium. The results imply that OvCALR has comparable function to the mammalian homolog as a calcium-binding molecular chaperone. Inferred from the observed strong immunostaining of the reproductive tissues, OvCALR should be important for reproduction and might be an interesting target to disrupt parasite fecundity. Transacetylase activity of OvCALR as reported for calreticulin of Haemonchus contortus could not be observed.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.313-319
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• 2012

Various nanomaterials may flow into the aquatic ecosystem via production, use, and treatment processes. Especially, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were categorized as manufactured nanomaterials presented by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Working Party on Manufactured Nanomaterials (OECD WPMN) in 2010. AuNPs have been used in medical area, however, they were reported to induce cytotoxicity and oxidative DNA damage, as well as down-regulation of the DNA repair gene in mice and human cell lines. In this study, the aquatic toxicity data of AuNPs and gold ions were collected, with the specific test methods analyzed with respect to the form and size of AuNPs, test species, exposure duration, and endpoints. Currently, aquatic toxicity data of AuNPs and gold ions have been presented in 14 studies including 4 fish, 6 crustacean, 2 green algae, and 2 macrophytes studies, as well as a further 8 studies including 4 fish, 4 crustacean, 1 platyhelminthes, and 1 green algae, respectively. The AuNPs were 0.8-100 nm in size, as gold nanoparticles, gold nanorod, glycodendrimer-coated gold nanoparticles, and amine-coated gold nanoparticles. The tested endpoints were the individual toxicities, such as mortality, malformation, reproduction inhibition, growth inhibition and genetic toxicity such as oxidative stress, gene expression, and reactive oxygen species formation. The accumulation of AuNPs was also confirmed in the various receptor organs. These results are expected to be useful in understanding the aquatic toxicity of AuNPs and gold ions, as well as being applicable to future toxicity studies on AuNPs.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.475-479
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• 2020

Tegumental and excretory-secretory proteins are reported as diagnostic antigens for human opisthorchiasis. Rhophilin associated tail protein1-like (OvROPN1L) protein of Opisthorchis viverrini sperm tail showed potential as a diagnostic antigen. The OvROPN1L recombinant fragments were assayed for diagnostic antigenicity for human opisthorchiasis using indirect ELISA. The strongest antigenic region was a N-terminus peptide of M1 - P56. One synthetic peptide (P1, L3-Q13) of this region showed the highest antigenicity to opisthorchiasis. Sera from other parasitic infections including Strongyloides stercoralis, hookworm, Taenia spp, minute intestinal flukes, Paragonimus spp showed lower reactivity to P1. Peptide P1 is located in the disordered N-terminus of ROPN1L supporting its suitability as linear epitope. In the Platyhelminthes the N-terminal sequence of ROPN1L is diverging with taxonomic distance further suggesting that peptide P1 has potential as diagnostic tool in the genus Opisthorchis/Clonorchis. It should be further evaluated in combination with peptides derived from other O. viverrini antigens to increase its diagnostic power.

• 생태와환경
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.215-227
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• 2016

담수생태계에서 어류기생충의 종류와 감염경로는 다양하고, 중형 또는 고등동물을 숙주로 하여 생활환을 이어가기 때문에 매우 복잡하다. 그중에서 어류의 복강에 기생하는 충류를 대상으로 수행되었다. 본 연구는 2007년 2월부터 10월까지 섬강에서 생긴 피라미의 기생충에 관한 민원을 해결하고자 생태계의 감염특성을 조사하였다. 섬강에서 복강기생충이 관찰된 시기에 감천, 대포천, 양산천 및 율하천도 동일하게 조사하였다. 저서성대형무척추동물은 수서곤충류와 패류가 각각 90.4%, 7.7%로써 주종을 이루었다. 수서곤충류는 하루살이류 (46.8%)와 날도래류 (29.8%)가 대부분을 차지하였고, 패류는 복족류였다. 어류는 잉어과와 피라미 (Zacco platypus)가 각각 85.7%, 48.8%로써 가장 풍부하였다. 물새 조류는 흰뺨검둥오리 (Anas poecilorhyncha)와 쇠백로 (Egretta garzetta)가 높은 밀도로 우점하였다. 어류기생충은 복강에 주로 기생하는 편형동물문 조충류 Ligula intestinalis로써 분류 동정되었다. 10월에 섬강과 양산천에서 우점 서식한 피라미로부터 각각 1개체, 15개체 관찰되었다. 복강기생충의 감염률은 1.4~15.8% 범위였다. 수서생태계의 조사결과로부터 기생충-숙주 관계의 감염 생활사를 고찰하였다. 본 연구결과는 국내의 육수학적 관점에서 복강기생충의 생태를 이해하는 데 유용한 기초자료로써 활용되기를 기대한다.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.68-89
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• 2023

This is the second catalog listing unrecorded invertebrates discovered during the research project 'Discovery of Korean Indigenous Species'. The data to compile the catalog were primarily gathered from the final reports of the project, between 2013 and 2021. We present 38 previously undocumented species, belonging to four phyla (Platyhelminthes, Annelida, Rotifera and Arthropoda). Samples were collected from intertidal coastal waters, soil, freshwater ponds, reservoirs and hosts in South Korea. In this study, we provide brief taxonomic information, including collection site (GPS), diagnosis, specimen vouchers, figures of representative individuals and the Korean name newly assigned, for each species. All data were reviewed and updated by experts working on the respective taxonomic group. The aim of the present study is to publish species that have been previously reported through the project. Upon publication, these species will be added to the 'National Species List of Korea', curated by the National Institute of Biological Resources(NIBR).