• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.183-188
• /
• 1990

Induction and culture of hairy roots by Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4 were carried out in Platycodon grandiflorum DC. After 2-4 weeks of inoculation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes hairy roots were formed at root segments in the balloon flower. Optimized growth of hairy roots was obtained in hormone-free MS medium, 6% sucrose and pH 5.8. The pattern of ginsenoside in the transformed roots was not different with that in the ordinary roots.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.389-396
• /
• 2013

The antioxidant enzyme and DPPH radical scavenging activity with variations in drying methods of diploid and tetraploid in Platycodon grandiflorum were determined. Antioxidant enzyme activities were measured as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). The roots of Platycodon grandiflorum were freeze-dried, indoor-dried, hot-air dried, and microwave dried. The root extract of P. grandiflorum have shown the highest SOD enzyme activity of 92% in tetraploid of freeze-dried and indoor-dried while diploid of microwave dried showed the lowest SOD enzyme activity of 47.5%. The activity of CAT showed higher values in the root of tetraploid than in the diploid of P. grandiflorum in all drying methods. The APX activity showed relatively higher values in the root extract of freeze-dried both the diploid and tetraploid, but the difference in comparison with other extracts was not significant. The POX activities according to drying methods of diploid and tetraploid in P. grandiflorum showed relatively high values in freeze-dried and indoor-dried compared with other drying methods, and the POX activity between the diploid and tetraploid was not significant difference in each drying method. The DPPH radical scavenging activity with variation in drying methods of diploid and tetraploid in P. grandiflorum was the highest in the freeze-dried, and was higher in tetraploid than diploid in all the concentrations. In conclusion, the root of P. grandiflorum had the potent biological activities in both diploid and tetraploid. In particular, the tetraploid root of P. grandiflorum showing high antioxidant enzyme activity could be good materials for development of source of functional healthy food.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.337-341
• /
• 1995

Hairy roots of Korean ballon flower (Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC) were induced from the root tissues infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834. Growth and polyacetylene [lobetyol (1), lobetyolin (2) and lobetyolinin (3)] production fo ten hairy root clones cultured in 1/4 Gamborg B5 (B5) liquid medium were determined. One selected hairy root clone (D6) grew well in hormone free-B5 liquid medium and showed maximum content of polyacetylenes at week 6 for 1 (0.375% dry wt) and at week 7 for 2 and 3 (3.030% and 0.206% dry wt, respectively) whose levels were much higher than those of the intact plant root (1:0.019%, 2:0.077% dry wt, 3 was not detected).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
• /
• 2002.11b
• /
• pp.133-133
• /
• 2002

Platycodi Radix, the root of Platycodon grandiflorum, commonly known as Doraji, is used as a traditional oriental medicine. Extracts from the roots of P. grandiflorum have been reported to have wide ranging health benefits. In Korea, the root of P. grandiflorum is used as a food and employed as a folk remedy for adult diseases.(omitted)

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.686-692
• /
• 2016

This study was done to investigate the antidiabetic effect of ethanol extract from Platycodon grandiflorum root in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose 45mg/kg.b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer(pH4.5). The ethanol extract of Platycodon grandiflorum root was orally administrated once a day for 7 days. The contents of serum glucose, triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol were significantly decreased(p<0.05) in Platycodon grandiflorumt root treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. Also the contents of hepatic glycogen and HDL-cholesterol, the activities of glucose-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH) and glucokinase(GK) were significamtly increased (p<0.05). These results indicated that ethanol extract of Platycodon grandiflorum root would have antidiabetic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.59 no.2
• /
• pp.134-138
• /
• 2014

The research was conducted to provide basic information for store temperature which were low and room temperature and packing methods which were vacuum, packing and nitrogen of 3 year-old Platycodon grandiflorum. We investigated hardness and content of saponins, 1) platycodin D3, 2) polygalacin D and 3) deapioplatycodin D, in Platycodon grandiflorum and hardness of Platycodon grandiflorum, which were reduced by increasing storage period and decreased with increasing storing temperature, respectively. The packed storing method was better than others storing methods in low temperature. The high root hardness was significantly related with storing temperature and methods. The content of saponins in Platycodon grandiflorum, i.e., platycodin D3 and polygalacin D were reduced during storing period, however, the content of deapioplatycodin D was increased during storing period.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2017.06a
• /
• pp.123-123
• /
• 2017

In spite of the potential medicinal significance and a wide range of pharmacologic properties of Platycodon grandiflorum, the molecular mechanism of its roots is still unknown. The present study was conducted to profile proteins from 3, 4 and 5 months aged diploid and tetraploid roots of Platycodon grandiflorum using high throughput proteome approach. Two-dimensional gels stained with CBB, a total of 68 differential expressed proteins were identified from the diploid root out of 767 protein spots using image analysis by Progenesis SameSpot software. Out of total differential expressed spots, 29 differential expressed protein spots (${\geq}2-fold$) were analyzed using LTQ-FTICR MS whereas a total of 24 protein spots were up-regulated and 5 protein spots were down-regulated. On the contrary, in the case of tetraploid root, a total of 86 differential expressed proteins were identified from tetraploid root out of 1033 protein spots of which a total of 39 differential expressed protein spots (${\geq}2-fold$) were analyzed using LTQ-FTICR MS whereas a total of 21 protein spots were up-regulated and a total of 18 protein spots were down-regulated. It was revealed that the identified proteins from the explants were mainly associated with the nucleotide binding, oxidoreductase activity, transferase activity. Taken together, the identified proteins may be helpful to identify key candidate proteins for genetic improvement of plants.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.227-232
• /
• 2008

In this research, organic extracts from roots of platycodon grandiflorum was tested to see the possibility for cosmetic natural surfactant. Interfacial properties of extracts of Platycodon grandiflorum was checked for interfacial tension, forming force, dispersion force, emulsion force, emulsion activity, and emulsion stability. At 0.005 wt% concentration, the interfacial tension against the caster oil was 11.5 dyn/cm which was lower than that of Tween 40 and quillaja bark. Extracts of Platycodon grandiflorum showed excellent emulsification activity and stability for cosmetic oils such as olive oil, soybean oil, and canola oil. In patch test using 2-5% of the extract and glycerin, the extract showed mild skin irritation. From the experiment, the extracts of platycodon grandiflorum root showed good interfacial properties as a cosmetic agent with minor skin irritation.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.172-176
• /
• 1999

The saponins are considered the main effective components in Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC.. In order to obtain the basic information for producing the high quality medicinal plant and processing, the crude saponin contents were analyzed with platycodi radix, the root of Platycodon grandiflorum by different cultivating years, parts, harvesting times and drying methods. The crude saponin contents were decreased by increasing cultivating years. The crude saponin contents were 2.74% in tail of root and 1.65 % in head of root, respectively. Besides, the contents of the crude saponin in cortex were 1.8 times more than that in core of root. The crude saponin contents in different harvesting times were 2.82% and 2.74% at March 10 and December 10, showing higher than that being harvested at June 10 and September 10. The crude saponin contents among drying methods were not significantly different at 5% level DMRT, but the hot air drying after steam showed the least crude saponin.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.213-217
• /
• 2011

Platycodon grandiflorum (Campanulaceae) is listed in Shin-Nong-Bon-Cho-Kyung (神農本草經) as the remedy for ventilation the lung, resolving phlegm, promoting pus discharge and subduing carbuncles. The prescriptions of Gil-Gyung-Tang (桔梗湯) are also recorded in many other Chinese medicinal books. The identification of the cultivation year of P. grandiflorum is very important in commercial market as well as in research field. However, any reports about it have not been clearly established yet. To clarify the criterion, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the roots of P. grandiflorum cultivated in Korea for various years were studied. The characteristics of the cork layer, latex tube, and vessels were shown to be useful keys to confirm the cultivation year of P. grandiflorm. As a result, it was clarified that Kilkyung from Korea was the two years root of Platycodon grandiflorm.