• Mycobiology
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.158-166
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• 2014

In this study, bacterial strains were isolated from soils from 30 locations of Samcheok, Gangwon province. Of the isolated strains, seven showed potential plant growth promoting and antagonistic activities. Based on cultural and morphological characterization, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, these strains were identified as Paenibacillus species. All seven strains produced ammonia, cellulase, hydrocyanic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, protease, phosphatase, and siderophores. They also inhibited the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici in vitro. The seven Paenibacillus strains enhanced a range of growth parameters in tomato plants under greenhouse conditions, in comparison with non-inoculated control plants. Notably, treatment of tomato plants with one identified strain, P. polymyxa SC09-21, resulted in 80.0% suppression of fusarium crown and root rot under greenhouse conditions. The plant growth promoting and antifungal activity of P. polymyxa SC09-21 identified in this study highlight its potential suitability as a bioinoculant.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2021

A diverse group of plant-growth promoting bacteria were isolated in button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) media to investigate the plant-growth promoting traits of compounds including indole acetic acid (IAA), ammonia, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, siderophore, and hydrogen cyanide. Twenty-one bacterial strains showing positive effects for all the test traits were selected and classified to confirm bacterial diversity in the media habitat. Plant-growth promoting traits of the isolates were also assessed. All strains produced IAA ranging from 20 ㎍/mL to 250 ㎍/mL. Most of the isolates produced more than 80% siderophore. Four strains (Pantoea sp., PSB-08, Bacillus sp., PSB-13, Pseudomonas sp., PSB-17, and Enterobacter sp., PSB-21) showed outstanding performances for all the tested traits. In a bioassay of these four strains using mung bean plant, the best growth performances (23.16 cm, 22.98 cm, 2.27 g/plant, and 1.83 g/plant for shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight, respectively) were obtained from the plants co-inoculated with Bacillus sp., PSB-13. The resultant data indicate that button mushroom media have got a diverse group of bacteria with plant growth promoting abilities. Thus, the media could be a good recycling resource for using to an effective bio-fertilizer.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.53-79
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• 2002

To screen the effective materials for hair loss treatment, several natural extracts were tested using in vivo and in vitro test models. Firstly, all test materials were applicated onto the back skin of C57BL／6 mouse and then hair growth promoting effect was measured using hair growth index. As a result, Prunus mume, black bean, Brassica campestris subsp. black sesame and Rubi Fructus showed potent hair growth promoting effect, ranking as 1.5-2.0 of hair growth index. However, there were no plant extracts, which have remarkable potential of growth promotion of human hair dermal papilla cells cultured in vitro. In the experiments of 5${\alpha}$-reductase type Ⅱ inhibition assay, Prunus mume, Eriobotryae Folium showed effective potential to inhibit the activity of 5${\alpha}$-reductase type Ⅱ. To investigate the possible involvement of the effect of several plant extracts on the gene expression of growth factors in human hair dermal papilla cells, RT - PCR analyses were performed. However, there were no plant extracts, which have profound effect on the gene expression of several growth factors such as IGF-I, KGF, HGF and VEGF in the dermal papilla cells. Another tests for inhibition of microbial such as P. acne were also carried out to find whether these plant extracts have anti -microbial activities. Rubi Fructus showed anti -microbial effects on Propionibacterium acnes, which is believed as a pathogen of acne. Together, these results showed several plant extracts can be used for hair growth promotion.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.80-103
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• 2002

To screen the effective materials for hair loss treatment, several natural extracts were tested using in vivo and in vitro test models. Firstly, all test materials were applicated onto the back skin of C57BL／6 mouse and then hair growth pormoting effect were measured using hair growth index As a result, Polygonum muitifiorum Thunb and Terrninalia chebula Retz. showed potent hair growth promoting effect, ranking as 1.5-2.0 of hair growth index. However, there were no plant extracts, which have remarkable potential of growth promotion of human hair dermal papilla cells cultured in vitro. In the experiments of 5${\alpha}$-reductase type Ⅱ inhibition assay, Morus alba L., Chaenomelis Fructus, Saussureae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Polygonum multifiorum Thunb, and Angelica dahurica (Fischer) Bentham et Hooker f. showed effective potential to inhibit the activity of 5${\alpha}$-reductase type Ⅱ. To investigate the possible involvement of effects of several plant extracts on the gene expression of growth factors in human hair dermal papilla cells, RT-PCR analyses were performed. As a consequences, Mentha haplocalyx Briq., Cimicifuga foetida L., Eclipta prostrata (L.) L., Pinus densiflora S. et. Z, and Polygonum muitifiorum Thunb revealed the regulatory roles on the expression of growth factors such as IGF-I, KGF, HGF and VEGF in the dermal papilla cells. Another test for inhibition of microbial such as P. acne and P. ovale were also carried out to find whether these plant extracts have anti-microbial activities. Morus alba L. and Chaenomelis Fructus showed anti-microbial effects on Propionibacterium acnes, which is believed as a pathogen of acne. Together, these results showed several plant extracts can be used for hair growth promotion.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.100-105
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• 1988

계분(鷄糞)과 볏짚 혼합물을 Thermoactinomycetes vulgaris로 처리하므로써 악취가 나지 않고 작물(作物) 생육(生育)을 촉진시키는 생물비료(生物肥料)를 제조하였다. 비료(肥料) 제조(製調)의 처리조건은 온도 $50^{\circ}C\;pH\;8.0{\sim}8.5$, 수분함량(水分含量) 60% 였으며 발효(醱酵) 2일(日) 후에는 악취 성분으로 알려진 휘발성 지방산이 사라졌으며 결과적으로 계분(鷄糞)의 악취가 제거되었다. 제조(製調)된 비료(肥料)의 비료실험(肥效實驗)은 pot에서 Brassica rapa var. previdis의 생육(生育)을 조사(調査)함으로서 행하였다. 생물비료(生物肥料)는 황산암모니아, 건조계분(鷄糞), 평지깻묵 보다 작물생육(作物生育)을 촉진 시켰으며 다량(多量)의 시용(試用)으로도 생물(生物)의 생육(生育)저해가 작았다. 질소함량으로 pot당(當) 0.8g에 해당하는 생물비료(生物肥料)를 함유(含有)하는 시용구(試用區)에서 작물(作物)의 최대생산량(最大生産量)을 보였다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2002

인산가용 미생물인 Enterobacter intermedium 60-2G의 식물생장촉진 능력과 흑성병균인 Cladosporium cucumerinum에 대한 유도전신저항성 능력을 오이와 오이 흑성병균을 모델로 확인하였다. E. intermedium 을 처리한 오이는 물을 처리한 control에 비해 C. cucumerinum에 의한 흑성병의 병징이 현저히 감소하였다. 또한 E. intermedium를 처리한 오이는 식물 생장촉진효과도 보였다. Strain 60-2G은 Fusarium oxysporum와 Magnaporthe grisea을 포함한 여러 식물 병원 곰팡이에 대해 강한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 본 연구는 인산가용능력을 가진 E. intermedium 60-2G는 식물의 생육을 증진시키는데 관여하는 여러가지 유익한 형질을 가진 아주 유용한 생물적 방제균임을 밝혔다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2015

We investigated influence of three commercial antibiotics viz., oxolinic acid, streptomycin, and validamycin A, on biocontrol and plant growth promoting activities of Bacillus vallismortis EXTN-1 and BS07M in Chinese cabbage. Plants were pre-drenched with these strains followed by antibiotics application at recommended and ten-fold diluted concentration to test the effect on biocontrol ability against soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum SCC1. The viability of the two biocontrol strains and bacterial pathogen SCC1 was significantly reduced by oxolinic acid and streptomycin in vitro assay, but not by validamycin A. In plant trials, strains EXTN-1 and BS07M controlled soft rot in Chinese cabbage, and there was a significant difference in disease severity when the antibiotics were applied to the plants drenched with the two biocontrol agents. Additional foliar applications of oxolinic acid and streptomycin reduced the disease irrespective of pre-drench treatment of the PGPRs. However, when the plants were pre-drenched with EXTN-1 followed by spray of validamycin A at recommended concentration, soft rot significantly reduced compared to untreated control. Similarly, strains EXTN-1 and BS07M significantly enhanced plant growth, but it did not show synergistic effect with additional spray of antibiotics. Populations of the EXTN-1 or BS07M in the rhizosphere of plants sprayed with antibiotics were significantly affected as compared to control. Taken together, our results suggest that the three antibiotics used for soft rot control in Chinese cabbage could affect bacterial mediated biocontrol and plant growth promoting activities. Therefore, combined treatment of the PGPRs and the commercial antibiotics should be carefully applied to sustain environmental friendly disease management.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.759-771
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• 2023

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are naturally occurring bacteria that intensively colonize plant roots and are crucial in promoting the crop growth. These beneficial microorganisms have garnered considerable attention as potential bio-inoculants for sustainable agriculture. PGPR directly interacts with plants by providing essential nutrients through nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization and accelerating the accessibility of other trace elements such as Cu, Zn, and Fe. Additionally, they produce plant growth-promoting phytohormones, such as indole acetic acids (IAA), indole butyric acids (IBA), gibberellins, and cytokinins.PGPR interacts with plants indirectly by protecting them from diseases and infections by producing antibiotics, siderophores, hydrogen cyanide, and fungal cell wall-degrading enzymes such as glucanases, chitinases, and proteases. Furthermore, PGPR protects plants against abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity by producing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase and modulating plant stress markers. Bacteria belonging to genera such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Pantoa, and Enterobacter exhibit multiple plant growth-promoting traits, that can enhance plant growth directly, indirectly, or through synergetic effects. This comprehensive review emphasizes how PGPR influences plant growth promotion and presents promising prospects for its application in sustainable agriculture.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2010

근권토양에서 분리한 세균 Bacillus subtilis RFO41은 인산 가용화능이 높고 auxin 등의 식물호르몬을 생산한다. 이 균주를 이용하여 가시도꼬마리(Xanthium italicum Moore)의 생장 촉진 실험을 화천군 파로호의 호안나대지에서 수행하였다. 19주 경과 후 자라난 가시도꼬마리를 채취하여 줄기와 뿌리 길이를 측정하고 식물을 건조시켜 중량을 측정하였다. 균주를 처리한 접종군이 미접종 대조군보다 가시도꼬마리의 건조중량이 67.7%나 높았으며 또한 가시도꼬마리의 줄기 길이도 균주를 처리한 접종군이 미접종 대조군보다 21.1% 길었는데 모두 통계적 유의성을 가졌다. 접종균주의 동태를 denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis 방법으로 조사하였는데 나대지 토양에서 접종균주가 유지되고 있으며 토양의 고유 세균군집에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 척박한 호안나대지 토양에서 B. subtilis RFO41의 인산가용화능과 식물호르몬의 생성능 등의 식물생장촉진 효과가 가시도꼬마리의 생장에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단할 수 있다. 이러한 식물 생장 촉진효과는 친환경적 미생물비료, 특히 민감한 호안나대지 등의 미생물학적 식생복원방법으로서의 가치를 뒷받침하는 것이라 할 수 있다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.430-448
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• 2023

Recently, strategies for controlling Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of tomato, focus on using effective biocontrol agents. In this study, an analysis of the biocontrol and plant growth promoting (PGP) attributes of 11 isolates of loamy soil Bacillus spp. has been conducted. Among them, the isolates B.PNR1 and B.PNR2 inhibited the mycelial growth of Fol by inducing abnormal fungal cell wall structures and cell wall collapse. Moreover, broad-spectrum activity against four other plant pathogenic fungi, F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 (Foc), Sclerotium rolfsii, Colletotrichum musae, and C. gloeosporioides were noted for these isolates. These two Bacillus isolates produced indole acetic acid, phosphate solubilization enzymes, and amylolytic and cellulolytic enzymes. In the pot experiment, the culture filtrate from B.PNR1 showed greater inhibition of the fungal pathogens and significantly promoted the growth of tomato plants more than those of the other treatments. Isolate B.PNR1, the best biocontrol and PGP, was identified as Bacillus stercoris by its 16S rRNA gene sequence and whole genome sequencing analysis (WGS). The WGS, through genome mining, confirmed that the B.PNR1 genome contained genes/gene cluster of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase/polyketide synthase, such as fengycin, surfactin, bacillaene, subtilosin A, bacilysin, and bacillibactin, which are involved in antagonistic and PGP activities. Therefore, our finding demonstrates the effectiveness of B. stercoris strain B.PNR1 as an antagonist and for plant growth promotion, highlighting the use of this microorganism as a biocontrol agent against the Fusarium wilt pathogen and PGP abilities in tomatoes.