• 식품산업과 영양
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.29-36
• /
• 2007

• 식품산업과 영양
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.15-27
• /
• 2003

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제12권8호
• /
• pp.1228-1233
• /
• 1999

A study was conducted on four maize cultivars to determine the dry matter and fibre digestibility as influenced by advancing plant age. Samples of maize cultivars Akbar, Neelum, UM-81 and IZ-31 were harvested at weekly intervals/ growth stages. The samples of morphological fractions such as leaf and stem were also collected at various growth stages. Whole mixed fodder and different fractions of maize plant were analysed for their chemical composition and in vitro digestibility. The results showed that in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of whole maize plant, leaf and stem decreased significantly with advancing stage of maturity. Digestibility of NDF, ADF, hemicellulose and cellulose decreased significantly in all plant parts with advancing plant age/growth stages. Maximum values for the digestibility of dry matter and various cell wall constituents were observed in leaf, followed by whole plant and stem fractions. Cultivars were observed to have significant effect of IVDMD and digestibility of NDF, ADF and cellulose in all plant fractions. The results indicated that digestibility of maize fodder was affected by stage of maturity and cultivars. However, maturity had a greater effect on digestibility in all plant fractions than did cultivars. Dry matter contents were found to be significantly and negatively correlated with IVDMD of whole plant and its leaf and stem fractions. Based on correlations, regression equations were computed to predict IVDMD.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.8-15
• /
• 2021

Vegetarians have claimed and actively promoted the advantages of plant-based alternative milks as the best option for human nutrition and health, compared to the natural dairy milk. However, numerous scientific evidences and reports have demonstrated that the natural milk possesses more beneficial nutrients and bioactive components than artificially manufactured plant-derived milks. The biochemical and nutritional advantages and functionalities of natural dairy milk cannot be replaced by man-made or crafted plant-based beverage products. On the other hand, the tremendous increase in production and consumption of the plant-based alternative milks in recent years has led a serious business downturn in traditional roles and stability of the dairy industry, especially in the major dairy producing Western countries. Although plant-based milk alternatives may have some benefits on nutrition and health of certain consumers, the plant-derived alternative milks may not overshadow the true values of natural milk. Milk is not a high fat and high cholesterol food as animal meat products. Unlike plant-based alternative milks, natural milk contains many bioactive as well as antiappetizing peptides, which can reduce body weight. It has proven that taking low-fat, cultured and lactase treated milk and dairy products with other diversified nutritionally balanced diets have been shown to be healthier dietary option than plant-based milk/foods alone.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 2007

This study was designed to evaluate Saturday nutrition classes for obese elementary students in Chungnam Province. Obesity index, nutrient intake, nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitude, and self-satisfaction of 36 obese elementary students were compared before and after attending nutrition classes every other Saturday for 3 months. The average age, height, weight, body fat, % body fat, and obesity index were 11.9 years, 145.5 cm, 53.3 kg, 24.5 kg, 45.7%, and 32.4%, respectively. Most of the subjects(94.5%) viewed themselves as fat. Sixty-three percent of children were discontent with their body-image. All answered that they have experience with weight control. The major methods of weight control were exercise and reduction of snacks. The mean serum cholesterol, blood glucose, GOT/GPT, and hemoglobin were 177.4 mg/dL, 90.4 mg/dL, 25.8/25.5 IU/L, 14.5 g/dL, respectively. After attending nutrition classes, the daily intakes of energy, plant protein, plant fat, carbohydrate, crude fiber, and cholesterol increased significantly. The scores for nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitude, and self-satisfaction also increased after nutrition classes, but there were no significant differences. Percent body fat decreased significantly after nutrition classes. In conclusion, nutrition education for elementary students is effective for the prevention and control of obesity. Further research is needed to develop a systematic program of nutrition education for obese children.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.384-392
• /
• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Enteral nutrition formulas with immune-enhancing nutrients, such as n-3 fatty acids, may manage patients' nutritional status and pathophysiological processes. The aim of our study was to investigate natural killer (NK) cell activity alterations and related cytokine changes resulting from feeding with soybean oil-containing enteral nutrition formula (control group) and plant-derived n-3 fatty acid-enriched enteral nutrition formula. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects participated for 14 consecutive days and consumed enteral formula containing canola and flaxseed oil (n3EN, test group) in nonsurgical patients hospitalized for rehabilitation. Blood samples were collected on the first day and 14 days after the consumption of each formula daily, and anthropometric parameters were collected. Hematology and biochemical values were analyzed, and NK cell activities and serum cytokine concentration were measured. A total of sixty subjects were included in the analysis, excluding dropouts. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in biochemical parameters. The n3EN group's NK cell activities at effector:tumor cell ratios of 10:1, 5:1, 2.5:1 and 0.625:1 were significantly higher than those of the control group after two weeks (P < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in serum cytokine interleukin (IL)-12, $interferon-{\gamma}$, $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ values between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this study elucidates the beneficial effects of plant-derived n-3 fatty acid supplementation in enteral formula on NK cell activity.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.585-590
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of oriental medicinal plant extracts added to chocolates on the moisture content, color, radical scavenging activity and sensory characteristics. The oriental medicinal plant extracts were added at a weight percentage of 0, 4 and 8%. As the ratio of the extracts in the chocolates increased, the moisture content, color, and radical scavenging activity increased. In sensory evaluation, significant differences (p<0.05) were shown in taste, bitterness, and overall acceptability depending on the addition of oriental medicinal plant extracts but there were no significant differences in chocolate aroma and texture.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.671-676
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted investigate the effect of medicinal plant extracts on physiological and sensory characteristics. The medicinal plant extracts were added to chocolate at a weight percentage of 0, 3 and 6%. Color values(L-value, redness, and yellowness), total flavonoids, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and sensory characteristics made with varying various medicinal plants concentrations of the additives were measured. In sensory evaluation, significant differences(p<0.05 and p<0.01) were shown in taste, texture, and overall acceptability depending on the addition of plant extracts, but there were no significant differences in chocolate aroma and bitterness properties.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제40권1호
• /
• pp.56-62
• /
• 2011

민들레 꽃, 잎, 뿌리, 전초의 부위별 항산화 활성과 생리활성을 탐색하기 위해 에탄올 추출물에서 총 플라보노이드와 총 폴리페놀 함량을 측정하였으며 항산화 활성 그리고 tyrosinase 억제 활성을 분석하였다. 총 플라보노이드 함량은 잎 추출물이 41.66 mg/g으로 다른 부위 추출물보다 높았고 총 폴리페놀 함량은 꽃 추출물이 71.91 mg/g으로 가장 많이 함유하는 것으로 나타났다. 전자공여능은 1 mg/mL의 농도에서 잎, 꽃, 전초 그리고 뿌리 추출물에서 각각 92.25%, 88.18%, 84.55%, 83.40%로 높은 활성을 나타내었으며 농도 의존적으로 활성이 유의하게 증가되었다. SOD 유사활성능은 1.0 mg/mL의 농도에서 부위별 추출물이 8.40~11.20%를 나타내었으며 꽃 추출물의 활성이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. pH 1.2 조건에서 측정한 아질산염 소거능은 1 mg/mL의 농도에서 꽃과 잎 추출물이 각각 47.37%와 47.18%로 전초와 뿌리보다 높았다. Tyrosinase 저해 활성은 1 mg/mL의 농도에서 잎 추출물이 34.22%로 가장 높았으며 전초와 뿌리 추출물에서도 20% 이상의 저해 활성이 나타났다. 이상의 결과 민들레 꽃, 잎, 뿌리 및 전초 에탄올 추출물이 우수한 항산화 활성을 지녀 이를 기능성 건강식품의 소재로 활용할 수 있다고 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.358-370
• /
• 1994

Plant cell walls consist of a variety of chemical constituents such as cellulose, humicelluloses, pertins, lignin, glycoproteins, etc. These components are strongly linked through hydrogen , covalent, ionic and hydrophobic bondings, which thus confers the self-protection capability on plants. Some processing by-products (hulls, brans, pomaces) of cereal, fruits and vegetables are very limited in further utilization due to their compact structural rigidity. In view of the fact that the plant cell walls are essentially composed of dietary fiber components , solubilization of the strong intermolecular linkage s can contribute to increasing the soluble dietary fiber content and thus diversifying the functional and physiological role of plant cell walls as dietary fiber sources. This article reviews the chemical constituents of cereals, fruits & vegetables and brown seaweeds with reference to their intermoleuclar linkages. An particular emphasis will be placed on the solubilizing phenomena of rigid plant cell walls by extrusion and the resulting change of functional properties. It is suggested that underutilized food resources, typically exemplified by various food processing by-products and surplus seaweeds, can be successfully modified toward improved functional performance by extrusion.