• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.1067-1074
• /
• 2005

켄터키 블루그래스의 최적 조직배양조건을 확립하기 위하여 성숙종자로부터 배발생 캘러스 유도 및 효율적인 식물체 재분화를 위한 품종별 배양효과, 배지종류 및 배지첨가물 등의 최적조건을 조사하였다. 배발생 캘러스 유도시 첨가되는 auxin으로는 2,4-D가 가장 효율적이었으며, 3mg/L 2,4-D와 0.1mg/L BA가 첨가된 MS배지에서 배발생 캘러스가 가장 높은 빈도로 유도되었다. 식물체 재분화는 배발생 캘러스를 1mg/L 2,4-D와 3mg/L BA가 첨가된 N6 배지에서 배양했을 때 57.7%의 높은 재분화율을 나타내었다. 기본배지의 종류에 따른 배양효율의 차이는 캘러스 유도에는 MS 배지가, 식물체 재분화에는 N6 배지가 효과적이었다. 켄터키 블루그래스의 품종에 따른 배발생 캘러스의 유도율과 재분화 능력은 큰 차이를 나타내어 Newport가 가장 높은 배양효율을 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통하여 확립된 단기간의 효율적인 재분화시스템은 분자육종을 통한 신품종 켄터키 블루그래스 개발에 유용하게 응용되어질 수 있을 것이다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• 제6권
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 1988

숙근(宿根)안개초(草)의 조직배양(組織培養)에 있어 배지(培地)에 첨가하는 agar농도(濃度) 및 auxins의 농도(濃度)가 vitrification에 미치는 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 초장(草長), 생체중(生體重), 분지수(分枝數)는 agar농도(濃度)가 높아질수록 감소(減少)되는 경향(傾向)이었으며 auxins의 효과(效果)는 미약(微弱)하였다. 그러나 초장신장(草長伸長)에 있어서 IAA 1.0ppm+NAA 0.5ppm 및 IAA 2.0ppm+NAA 1.0ppm 첨가구에서는 그 결과(結果)가 매우 양호(良好)하였다. 2. 발근소요일수(發根所要日數)에 있어서는 auxins의 첨가효과(效果)가 적었다. 그러나 근(根)의 생육(生育)에 있어서는 IAA 1.0ppm+NAA 0.5ppm 및 IAA 2.0ppm+NAA 1.0ppm 첨가구에 있어서 분화(分化)된 근(根)의 생장(生長)이 매우 양호(良好)한 경향(傾向)이었다. 3. 건전주율(健全株率)에 있어서는 agar농도(濃度)가 높아질수록 증가(增加)하는 경향(傾向)이었으나 배지(培地)가 너무 경화(硬化)되면(1.5%) 지상부(地上部) 및 지하부(地下部)의 생육(生育)이 극(極)히 저조(低調)하였다. 4. 이상(以上)을 종합(綜合)해 보면 숙근(宿根)안개초의 조직배양시(組織培養時) 외부환경(外部環境)에 대(對)한 적응력(適應力)이 높은 강건한 묘(苗)의 육성(育成)을 위해서는 agar농도(濃度) 1.2%로 한 MS배지(培地)(RM1962)에 IAA 1.0ppm+NAA 0.5ppm 첨가배지(培地)를 사용(使用)하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각된다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 1994

Nicotiana tabaccum 'Xanti', Petunia hybrida 'Blue Star' 그리고 Chrysanthemum morifolium 'Baeckwang'을 공시하여 엽조직 유래의 mesophyII protoplast(MP)와 paraveinal mesophyII protoplast (PVMP) 간의 세포 활성을 조사하기 위하여 urea 투과성을 측정하였다. 아울러 엽육 조직에서 원형질체 나출을 위한 각종 효소제를 처리하고 경과 시간별로 관찰했으며, 나출 원형질체로부터 식물체 재생을 위한 NAA와 thidiazuron의 효과를 조사하였다. Vibratome을 이용한 엽육조직 절단방법은 엽조직의 상해를 최소화하고 조직절편도 최소 50 $\mu\textrm{m}$까지 절단할 수 있기 때문에 urea 투과성 검정과 원형질체 나출을 위한 필수적인 기술이다. 세포활성에 대한 urea투과성 측정은 공시한 3종 식물의 PVMP에서 모두 Ks=2.Ox$10^{-5}$cm/sec 정도가 MP보다 높았다. 효소혼합 용액(1.5% Cellulase R-10, l% Driselase, 0.5% Macerozyme R-10, 0.05% Pectolyase)을 4-8 시간 처리하는 것이 PVMP 나출에 유효하였다. 나출 원형체로부터의 캘러스 유기와 식물체 재생에는 2 mg/L NAA + 0.01 mg/L thidiazuron 처리구에서 가장 양호하였으며 조직별로는 PVMP에서 월등한 결과를 나타내었다. 따라서 엽조직을 대상으로한 원형질체 배양에 있어서 엽록소의 함량이 많은 MP보다는 재생력이나 세포 활성이 강한 paraveinal 엽육조직 유래의 세포를 집약적으로 나출시켜 실험재료로 이용한다면 더 높은 식물체 재생률을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.21-24
• /
• 2000

An efficient method of shoot regeneration of peanut is described. In vitro shoot organogenesis from the callus of cotyledon explants of Arachis hypogaea L. was stimulated by addition of Adenine sulphate (Ads) along with 6 - benzylaminopurine (BAP) and - napthalene acetic acid (NAA). Ads (13 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) had a stimulatory effect on shoot bud differentiation when combined with BAP (13 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) and NAA (2 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$). Shoot organogenesis was markedly higher (92%) from callus induced on Ads, BAP and NAA combined media than from those formed by the individual supplementation of Ads or BAP with NAA. The shoots elongated on the media with GA$_3$ (1 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$). Elongated plantlets rooted with MS media containing IBA (9 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$).

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.132-136
• /
• 2005

Two groups of phytoplasma were identified in chrysanthemum(Dendranthema grandiflorum) cv. Chunkwang showing distinct symptoms. Isolate Ph-ch1 showed symptoms of dwarf, witches'-broom, rosette and root death. The other isolate, Ph-ch2, revealed symptoms of dwarf, yellowing, leaf cupping, vein clearing and root death. The presence of phytoplasma structures in chrysanthemum leaf tissue was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The 16S rRNA gene was amplified from isolates Ph-ch1 and Ph-ch2 by PCR and cloned, and the nucleotide sequences were determined. In RFLP analysis, isolate Ph-ch2 showed profiles identical to Ph-ch1, except with restriction enzymes HhaI and MseI. The sequence data showed that isolate Ph-ch1 was most closely related to the aster yellows (AY) phytoplasma, and isolate Ph-ch2 was more closely related to stolbur phytoplasma than to AY phytoplasma. This is the first reported observation of stolbur phytoplasma in chrysanthemum species.

• 식물분류학회지
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.227-231
• /
• 2020

While conducting a floristic study of Korean hepatics, we discovered two unrecorded species, which were collected from wind holes near the Donggang River, Korea. Mannia fragrans (Balb.) Frye & L. Clark and Mannia androgyna (L.) A. Evans are hereby reported for the first time in Korea. M. androgyna is characterized by pale grayish oil bodies in both the aerenchyma and basal tissue, and saccate spores with a conspicuous proximal disc. M. fragrans is characterized by a gynoecial segment with a whitish apical brush of scales, a commonly aromatic smell, and areolate spores with a conspicuous proximal disc. Two unrecorded species are described and illustrated based on Korean material.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.303-307
• /
• 2003

Some Compositae plants are known to contain biologically active substances that are allelopathic to weeds species as well as antioxidant to foods. Aqueous extracts from leaves of 3 plant species, Cirsium japonica, Kalimeris yomena, and Lactuca saliva, were bioassayed against alfalfa (Medicago saliva) to determine their allelopathic effects. The extracts applied on filter paper in bioassay significantly inhibited root growth of alfalfa. Extracts of 20 g dry tissue $\textrm{L}^{-1}$ from Lactuca sativa showed the most inhibitory effect on alfalfa seedling growth and followed by Cirsium japonica and Kalimeris yomena. Oxidative stability by Rancimat method and antioxidant activity by TBA method for the ground samples were the greatest in Lactuca sativa although were less than that of a commonly used antioxidant, 1% ascorbic acid. Antioxidant activity of methanol extracts on storing meat was stably kept for 28days and was excellent compared to control. These results suggest that three Compositae plants have potent allelopathic and antioxidant effects, and that their activities differ, depending on plant species.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.345-350
• /
• 2003

A series of aqueous extracts and residues from leaves, stems, roots, pods and seeds of Korean black soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) were assayed against alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) to determine their allelopathic activities through petri-dish and greenhouse experiments, and the results showed highest inhibition in the extracts or residues from the seeds, and followed by pods. The extracts of 40g dry tissue $\textrm{L}^{-1}$ applied on filter paper in petri-dish bioassay significantly inhibited root growth of alfalfa, and especially extracts from seeds and pods reduced root length of alfalfa more than those from leaves, stems, or roots. Plant height, root length, shoot and root dry weights of barnyard grass were reduced significantly by residue incorporation of seeds and pods as the incorporated amount increased. These results suggest that black soybean plants had herbicidal potential, and their activities were exhibited differently depending on plant parts.

• 식물조직배양학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.345-352
• /
• 2000

Food production is a major role of agriculture. It has been projected that the world population continues to increase by the middle of the 21st century, and the population growth results in raising a serious problem of food shortage. Thus we have to increase food as possible. A considerable amount of crops have been abandoned due to short-life after postharvest. Ethylene is a factor responsible for the postharvest loss in crops, especially horticultural crops. If we can reduce ethylene production or sensitivity by genetic engineering, we can develop, so called,“long-life crop”conferring long postharvest lives. During last two decades, intensive research for molecular dissection of ethylene biosynthesis has been carried out, and the researchers have succeeded in engineering ethylene productivity in some crops. On the other hand, after the successful isolation of Arabidopsis ethylene receptor gene ETR1, the homolog genes have been isolated in various plant species. Currently the characterization of these genes and alteration of ethylene sensitivity using the genes are in progress. This review summarizes current progress in the analysis of these genes, and discusses genetic engineering of ethylene sensitivity using these genes.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.133-138
• /
• 2004

Proteomics is a leading technology for the high-throughput analysis of proteins on a genome-wide scale. With the completion of genome sequencing projects and the development of analytical methods for protein characterization, proteomics has become a major field of functional genomics. The initial objective of proteomics was the large-scale identification of all protein species in a cell or tissue. The applications are currently being extended to analyze various functional aspects of proteins such as post-translational modifications, protein-protein interactions, activities and structures. Whereas the proteomics research is quite advanced in animals and yeast as well as Escherichia coli, plant proteomics is only at the initial phase. Major studies of plant proteomics have been reported on subcellular proteomes and protein complexes (e.g. proteins in the plasma membranes, chloroplasts, mitochondria and nuclei). Here several plant proteomics studies will be presented, followed by a recent work using multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT).