• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.337-341
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• 2000

The decanter is very useful to harvest biomass from plant cell cultures in large-scale process. It is very important to obtain high yield and low moisture content in recovered biomass so as to minimize solvent usage in subsequent extraction steps. Effluent clarity was also affected by the differential speed although this affect was more dramatic at higher flow rates than at lower flow rates. Moisure content was largely unaffected by flow rate. A decrease in moisture content was evident as differential speed decreased.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.06a
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• pp.79-90
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• 1995

Production of a cardiac glycoside, digoxin, by 12$\beta$-hydroxylation from digitoxin was studied in plant cell suspension cultures of Digitalis lanata. In order to increase the conversion yield, various culture conditions including immobilization were investigated and optimized. Since digoxin was released in the medium temporarily and converted further into a glucosylated product, deacetyllanatoside C, in situ adsorption of digoxin was employed to recover the product continuously. Amberlite resin XAD-8 showed the best adsorption characteristics for digoxin among the examined resins, and an integrated process was developed to increase the productivity. In addition, it was found that the utilization of $\beta$-cyclodextrin to entrap digoxin during the culture enhanced the biotransformation yield significantly.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.191-196
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• 1983

The isolatin and culture of protoplasts from hypocotyl originated callus of Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Damyang were carried out. The maximum protoplast yield of 4.6$\times$105 per gram fresh callus, using the 13-day-old callus, was obtained by digeston for 6 hours in the enzyme solution. After 10 day-culture of the isolated callus protoplsts, plating efficiency was 50%. Thereafter, cell cluster medium, and followed by leading to callus formation on an agar medium after 3 weeks of the liquid culture.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.530-534
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• 1998

The addition of the ceramic powder as state of bare in culture medium has stimulated the growth of Achyranthes japonica in both the disorganized cell and the plantlet. The grwoth rate of Hyoscyamus niger adventitious root and Pylatycodon grandiflorum hairy root was enhanced up to 100 and 250%, respectively, even though Scopolia parviflora hairy root and Hyoscyamus albus adventitious root were not. The ceramic powder has enhanced the growth of H. niger adventitious root even in a test tube immersed into its culture medium to irradiate alone without any direct contact. The ceramic powder seems to have a significant role on both the growth and the physiological action of some plants.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 1988

Several cultivars of rice were examined for induction of embryogenic callus on a medium containing MS salts, vitamins and 2, 4-D under darkness. Embryogenic callus was obtained from cultivar Cheonma with high ratio and embryo-like structures were formed from the callus on a medium with or without reduced 2, 4-D. Somatic embryoids with a plumule and radicle axis surrounded by a scutellum were observed. These embryoids germinated and produced plantlets in 30 days on the same medium. Protoplasts isolated from an embryogenic cell suspension culture derived from embryogenic callus were cultured either in liquid or in agar medium and protoplast derived cell colonies were obtained in 3-4 weeks.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 1999

Safflower is an important medicinal plant that has been used in China, Korea and Japan for thousands of years. The red and yellow pigments obtained from the petals of safflower can invigorate blood, release stagnation and promote menstruation. In addition, these pigments are used safely in processed foods and soft drinks as naturally harmless rotor additives. On the other hand, the seed of safflower contains 30-40% oil with higher level of mono- and poly-unsaturated fatfy acid profiles and elevated levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol. In this paper, we describe advances in the production of pigments and $\alpha$-tocopherol by cell culture in safflower.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 2002

To elucidate the effect of sucrose on cell growth and anthocyanin production, 1, 3, 5, and 7% sucrose were applied to liquid MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BA + 0.1 and 1 mg/L 2,4-D. Higher sucrose concentration decreased the cell growth regardless of the hormonal composition. Cain in fresh weight was gradual, showing the peak at day 12 in culture, and then decreased. Anthocyanin content increased with sucrose concentration in the medium, and practically there was no difference in anthocyanin content between the two media differing in 2,4-D content. Sucrose concentration for appropriate anthocyanin production was 7%, while 5% was more suitable for increase in total anthocyanin content. At higher sucrose levels, anthocyanin content was high due to the cessation of the cell growth. Medium pH decreased at the early stage and gradually increased thereafter.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.588-596
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• 2023

Long-term culture of cell lines is an important issue in in vitro culture and in plant science. In this study, the regeneration ability and ex vitro acclimatization of regenerants were evaluated. The ploidy level of regenerants derived from long-term cultured cell lines was measured in Imperata cylindrica 'Rubra', Poaceae. Adventitious buds (shoots) were successfully induced from five-year-cultured calli on MS medium containing 0.1 mg/L BA or 2.0 mg/L TDZ, combined with 0.01 mg/L auxins (IAA, IBA, NAA and 2,4-D), respectively. Adventitious roots were also induced on MS medium containing 0.01 mg/L auxins (IBA, NAA and 2,4-D), respectively. Interestingly, regenerants with both red and green leaf were successfully obtained when regenerants were cultured on MS medium with 9% sucrose. Regenerants derived from long-term cultured calli were transferred to pots using an optimal acclimatization process and successfully adapted to both pot and soil conditions. Moreover, the ploidy level was measured using calli and regenerants that had been kept on MS medium containing various kinds of plant growth regulators (PGRs).

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2001

A cell culture system of poplar (Populus alba x P.glandulosa) was established to test four different methods for evaluation of cellular stresses. Two different kinds of stresses were given to the cultures by adding either Pb(NO$_3$)$_2$ or paraquat and the cellular responses were monitored during a week period. While fresh weight reduction was observable in two days after the treatment of Pb(NO$_3$)$_2$, such changes were apparent only in later stage in paraquat treated cultures. Cells in paraquat treated cultures in the first 3 days showed no alteration in fresh weight as compared to untreated cultures, but had their MTT reducing activities completely inhibited. Neither Evans blue staining nor ion conductivity of the medium was consistent with fresh weight changes of the cultures. Overall, cell clumps formed during suspension culture appeared to interfere with staining and washing reactions and thus cause the assays unreliable. Among the four methods examined, fresh weight changes and MTT reducing activity appeared to be the most reliable and consistent.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.181-184
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• 2000

Proteins in friable and compact calli of Viola patrinii DC. were analysed. The protein contents in friable calli were lower than those in compact calli. In suspension culture, it increased to the maximum after 3 weeks culture from inoculation and decreased after 4 weeks culture. Several strong lavel signals were detected with the SDS-PAGE analysis. The polypeptides of 28, 31 and 35 KD were observed from the friable cell culture, from the compact cell culture strong band of 30 KD was determined, indicating that these polypeptides may be the major protein occurring during their cultures. Changes in amino acid contents during culture of the viola suspension cells were investigated the amino acid contents were greatest between two and three weeks culture of the viola suspension cells.