• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.357-366
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• 2005

Elder people in Korea was affecting the nutritional status by following factors : low energy intakes, low food diversity, and poor quality of nutrition. Management a nutrition education program was planned to change the elder's nutrition knowledge and improve their nutritional status. There are seven kinds of indicator - knowledge for health questionnaire (before and after education) - we have investigated elderly nutrition education group in Su-Jung ku, Sung-Nam city. The items of surveyed was general characteristics and anthropometric measurement of the elder people, their mini dietary assessment index score, nutritional risk, nutrition knowledge test, and it's valuation comparisons between the before and after every education we did. According to the results of mini dietary assessment index score, the mean was 22.7 at the maximum 30 points and $94.2\%$ of respondents got more than nomal group. The nutritional risk score was the highest in 'high risk' group. Also the results of nutrition knowlede test showed that the mean increase $35.1\%$ of respondents. Therefore, significant improvement results showed by nutrition education programs in elders. These results suggests that the educating nutrition programs fur elder's encouraging eating behavior themselves and changing their knowledge in nutrition.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.194-203
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• 2010

Purpose: To promote condom use for young men, there is necessary to meet their varying needs for condom. The purpose of this study was to examine what predicts condom use intention according to experience of sexual intercourse among Korean male college students. The conceptual framework for the study was the theory of planned behavior and the health belief model. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used with self-report questionnaires, which were completed by 399 subjects. Logistic regression analysis was done to examine predictors of condom use intentions according to experience of sexual intercourse. Results: The susceptibility to sexual transmitted diseases/ Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (STDs/AIDS) and pregnancy and benefits from condom use were significant predictors of condom use intentions in the non-experienced group. The significant predictors of condom use intention for the experienced group were barriers to condom use and condom use self-efficacy. Conclusion: These findings suggest that sex education program should be developed to overcome barriers to condom use, enhance condom use self-efficacy, and maximize the benefits from condom use as well as increase the perceived susceptibility to STDs/AIDS and pregnancy. To enhance condom use self- efficacy, practicing and increasing ability in interactive negotiation to use condom should be included.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.18-30
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• 2002

So far, the environmentally responsible behavior(ERB) model has been applied successfully to explain environment behaviors. But the ERB model has several limitations such as underestimation of social factors on environment behaviors. This study planned to point out that the emotional aspects should be considered seriously for explaining human's behaviors to conserve the environment in the ERB model. In this study, the effects of emotional aspects, such as perceived severity or perceived danger, on environment behaviors were investigated and the protective motivation theory(Rogers, 1983) and the ERB-based tentative model were compared Results showed that teenagers in urban areas realized clearly the severity and danger of environmental threats and do environmentally responsible behaviors more than ones in rural areas. Two model's goodness of fit to explain observed environment behaviors were analyzed through the regression analysis and the AMOS analysis. In the regression analysis, self-efficacy, confirmity toward social norm, and knowledge were involved in the regression equation as statistically meaningful variables in the ERB-based tentative model and self-efficacy and perceived severity were involved in the protective motivation theory. Especially, the AMOS analysis showed that the protective motivation theory was more valid model lot explaining environment behaviors than the ERB-based tentative model. In conclusion, it is reasonable that emotional aspects should be considered as meaningful variables for explaining environment behaviors.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.335-352
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• 2021

Trace elements in the ocean have been known as essential micronutrients for the primary production of phytoplankton and the growth of marine organisms. The GEOTRACES program beginning in the mid-2000 provided a new understanding of the distribution, origin and behavior of trace elements in the ocean, together with the establishment of both clean seawater sampling and trace element analysis techniques. The Indian Ocean, one of the major oceans, is relatively the least explored area, despite playing an important role in global climate variability. Although trace element observations have recently been conducted in the Indian Ocean by Japanese-and Indian scientists, relatively not much study has been done compared to the Atlantic, Pacific and Polar Regions. Recently, together with the launch of R/V Isabu, a 5,000-ton grade large- and comprehensive research vessel, the observations of trace elements has been conducted in the Indian Ocean for the first time in Korea since 2018. In this paper, we introduce the key results of currently conducted GEOTRACES expedition in the Indian Ocean to present future trace element research directions in the Indian Ocean, and also reviewed the preliminary results in the Indian Ocean studies from Korea. In the 2020s, new Indian Ocean GEOTRACES projects are planned around European countries, and it is time for Korea to prepare for the next phase of the trace element study in the Indian Ocean in line with these international trends.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.863-872
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• 2021

The main goal of this research is to understand how small and medium enterprises (SMEs) owners in Oman perceive the factors that drive or impede their growth and sustainability. Based on survey data of 395 SMEs in Oman, factor analysis was conducted to check if all the items load as one factor in each of the constructs. The results show that all the items measuring motivators and barriers loaded significantly for the respective scales, with high reliability (Cronbach alpha for Motivators = 0.991 and Barriers = 0.995). Relationships between the demographic factors of entrepreneurs and firm characteristics were tested and it was found that all the four variables: age of the entrepreneur (p = 0.00), qualification of the entrepreneur (p = 0.00), SME sector (p = 0.00), and age of the firm (p = 0.00) have a significant relationship with both the Motivators and the Barriers. The findings of this study could have significant implications for policymakers in Oman and other Middle Eastern countries. Since SMEs face similar problems and are given priority around the world, the findings could be applicable to other countries, as well. The findings also add important results to the empirical literature on SMEs.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1011-1017
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• 2021

An effective measure to prevent the spread of COVID-19 is wearing masks in public places. This solution is highly recommended in many countries all over the world. The objective of this study is to identify the antecedents of citizens' intention to purchase masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the current study analyzes attitudes toward mask-purchasing, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, to assess their impact on intention to purchase masks. In total, six variables are examined: attitude toward mask-wearing, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, and the intention to wear masks. Data are collected from 243 respondents in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. They were processed through by factor analysis and multiple regressions. The results report that all three factors positively affect citizens' intention to buy masks in the following ascending order: Attitude toward mask-purchasing, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Our study is the first research that applies TPB to investigate citizens' intention to purchase masks to during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, this study provides guidelines to the Vietnamese public managers to combat COVID-19 through the purchase of masks. Shopkeepers would be well advised to observe the intentions of consumers toward masks.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.159-186
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• 2004

One of the biggest change in the distributive market recently is that the development of private brand is progress actively since consumers purchasing behavior is tend to shift to resonable and practical planned purchase from brand image or brand name. Once the development of private brands is done successfully, the independent merchandising distinguished from other distribution companies is established, store image through customer satisfaction is strengthen and volume of sales and profit are increased. However, the existing studies in this field have not dealt with this matter systematically. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose an integrated framework within which to view private brand proneness. Factors found to influence private brand proneness included perceived cost, with private brand, perceived value for money, store fame, perceived risk, perceived quality variation between national and private brand products. Foe empirical analysis, the data were collected from 211 consumers who purchased the private brands in discount store and department store. With the collected survey data, reliability test, factor analysis for validity test and regression analysis for hypotheses test were conducted. Most hypotheses were accepted but on hypotheses were rejected negative relation of perceived cost and private brand proneness. Research results indicate that private brand proneness is affected by perceived value, perceived fame and there are negative relation between private brand proneness and perceived quality variation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.81-88
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• 2019

Based on the theory of planned behavior and the theory of legal deterrence, this study takes consumers' willingness to pay for digital music as the research object, investigates the consumers who have digital music consumption channels and behaviors, and discusses the willingness of consumers to pay for digital music and its influencing factors. The study attempts to achieve the following research purposes: First, explore the influencing factors of willingness to pay for digital music using domestic and foreign literature research and related content analysis. Second, we want to examine the effect of Attitude, Collective Specifications, Quality Sensitivity and Music affinity on willingness to pay. Third, Legal deterrence and resource availability tries to verify whether there is a moderating effect between Attitude, Collective Specifications, Quality Sensitivity and Music affinity and willingness to pay. The research data was collected in 2019 between April 6th to May 8th. Questionnaires were randomly distributed in fixed places, mainly in Hubei Province, China. A total of 393 questionnaires were selected for data analysis. Based on the previous theoretical review and empirical analysis, the study draws the following conclusions: Firstly, attitude, collective specifications, quality sensitivity and music affinity have an impact on the willingness to pay. Second, Legal deterrence has a regulatory effect on the relationship among quality sensitivity, musical affinity and the willingness to pay. Last the resource availability has a significant impact on the willingness to pay. It also has a regulatory effect on the relationship among quality sensitivity, music affinity and the willingness to pay.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1257-1266
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• 2021

The study examines factors that influence shopping intention of online consumers in Vietnam. Studied factors include consumers' attitude, subjective norms, perception of behavioral control, perception of usefulness, perceived risks and trust. The expansion of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) are used as basic theories. We have surveyed people who have experiences on online shopping. There are 836 selected questionnaires that are qualified for data processing. The collected data are analyzed through a process which starts from scale reliability test to exploratory factor analysis (EFA), correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results show that shopping intention of online consumers are positively affected by their attitude, subjective norms, perception of behavioral control, perception of usefulness and trust. In contrast, online shopping intention is negatively affected by the perceived risks that online shopping could bring. Among those factors, the perception of risk is shown to have the strongest influence to online shopping intention. The findings of this study suggest that managers and retailers can apply cash-on-delivery method and design their website with user-friendly interface to enhance online shopping intention of consumers. The Government is also recommended to fulfill the law system to reduce customers' perception of financial risks.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.603-611
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the mediating influences of resonance-based self-attitude and brand credibility in a relationship between celebrity endorser credibility and celebrity endorser congruity toward brand purchase intention in the current dynamic business environment. It employs a quantitative research method and reports on a survey, using a questionnaire, including the population of consumers of various instant coffee brands in several cities in Indonesia. The number of respondents in this study was 432 people. The analysis was performed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling and SmartPLS software. The analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, evaluation of the measurement model, evaluation of the structural model, and hypothesis testing. The results partially support the model developed. The findings suggest that the instant coffee product advertising in Indonesia needs to create brand messages focusing on the formation of resonance-based self-attitude from consumers to increase the influence of celebrity endorser credibility and celebrity endorser congruity, as well as the brand credibility towards the brand purchase intention. This study contributes to the marketing literature and the theory of planned behavior by providing empirical evidence on the relationship between celebrity endorser credibility, celebrity endorser congruity, resonance-based self-attitude, brand credibility, and brand purchase intention.