• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.768-776
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• 1994

This paper describes computer-aided forging design for rib/web shaped parts. In manufacturing a part by means of forging process, the first step is to design the forging. This is done by modifying the given machined part geometry according to the requirements of the forging process. Traditionally, this is done by experienced forging designers using empirical forging design guidelines. Generally, it would be neither possible nor practical to develop a system which encompasses the design of all types of forgings. Accordingly, forging design can be simplified by considering critical two dimensional cross sections of the machined part geometry. This system is composed of three modules(process variable decision module, forging design module and redesign module) and each module is carried out in regular sequence. In the process variable decision module, first of all, the undercut is checked and modified, and then deep recesses and holes difficult to forge are eliminated. Also parting line, forging plane, forging plan view area, forging weight and maximum size(maximum height or width)are determined. In the forging design module, the magnitude of various allowances, draft angle, minimum web thickness, corner and fillet radius are determined and then geometry modification is performed. Finally, since the design rules and databases used in this system are based on parameters of the forging geometry, such as the trimmed forging plan area, forging weight, forging maxmum size, plausible estimates need to be made for these parameters. Therefore, in the re-design module, the design process is iterated until a satisfactory forging is obtained.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.464-472
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• 1997

The purpose of training science teachers is to bring up the ideality and the most excellent science teachers whom our society needs. So, teacher training college curriculums of science education should be the ones that will train competent and respectable science teachers who have the technical and practical theory and knowledge through the process of high level academic experiences and activities. Accordingly, the training system and improvement plan for the problems in employment of science teachers in secondary schools should be as follows: 1. The employment examination for teachers should be abolished instead, the system of an apprentice teacher should be brought in, or private schools as well as public schools should bring in employment examination system. 2. With the modification of science teacher training curriculums, the cooperative studies of science major subjects and science education subjects should be strengthened and the connection between real needs of secondary schools and curriculums of secondary school science teacher training should be embodied. 3. Bringing up excellent science teachers should be facilitated through the establishment of administrative and financial aiding system about teacher training college.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.51-61
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• 2007

In natural river, river-bed change is greatly influenced by the various factors such as river improvement, change of watershed land use, construction of dam and reservoir, gravel mining, and so on. The knowledge about river-bed change in the river is essential in the river modification, wetlands plan, and maintaining stable alluvial rivers. In this study, river-bed change in the future was predicted by investigating river channel characteristics which play dominant role in the formation of channel and based on the numerical model through river survey and the grain size analysis. The Proposed investigation and model was applied to the Geum river and the Miho stream which have been experienced river degradation due to river aggregate dredging and now seams to be stable. The result of potential river-bed change which was estimated by investigating channel characteristic including slope of channel, friction velocity, and so on is similar to that which was estimated based on the numerical model. It was found that the Geum river and the Miho stream will be stable. In the future, if considering the characteristics of river channel which is estimated by the river-bed scour, sediment, and so on, it is possible that river improvement and wetland restoration plan are established stably and naturally.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 2010

Since 2004, the government has changedthe cost estimate system to one of an actual cost basis in order to calculate the optimum construction cost by reflecting changes in circumstance on the construction site in a timely manner. Currently, this is being applied to public construction work forover a billion won of actual cost data in estimation by contract unit cost. However, directly reflecting actual cost, which for large-sized construction work was originally an average unit cost, to a small building, entails the application of a low discount rate for the cost of materials, labor, etc. and therefore can frequently give rise to cases in which the actual cost of work performed exceeds the contract sum, which in turn causes problems such as decreased revenues, bad effectson business operation, productivity, etc. Therefore, to apply actual cost to small-sized construction work (less than a billion won), there should be a plan to modify unit cost in a manner that can reflect project scale, etc. in order to resolve the problem of unit cost application of actual cost to small-building construction projects. The unit cost modification model for proper actual construction cost in small-scale construction projects developed by this study will help to increase the relevant productivity and proper gain, preventing the aggravation of business operations. Organizations placing orders are also expected to be able to secure a more realistic construction cost in arranging the budget.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.30-39
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• 2012

The essence of brand identity is to draw an interrelation between user and brand based on user's desire. The housing cultural center is focused on brand identity for satisfaction of user. The purpose of this study is to inquire out the expression characteristics of brand Identity in housing cultural center according to analyze previous studies and case studies. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 'Uniqueness' is directly expressed through brand name or logo or through brand colors. 'Experience' is expressed as auditive expression through stimulation using a body and providing music. 'Relationship' has provided a communication environment or created relationship with brand by leading interaction with others. 'Estheticism' has increased visual satisfactory level by aesthetically sublimating lighting direction or form. 'Functionality' is expressed by providing various programs through smooth flow plan and grafting with the latest technology. 'Non-dailiness' has affected memory territory by inducing curiosity and astonishment through space modification or new and contrasting direction. The housing cultural center needs to be planned as a space where interaction of user and brand will be initiatively activated sensationally and psychologically by pursuing user-oriented brand identity.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2007

ART DECO is a suitable for the rational style and the variation in modeling techniques of artistic revival. At present, production using CAD & CAM by software have great potential adaptation in the industrial arts since it accomplishs the understanding of the plan and promote as realization of automation with rapid and accurate results. Until a recent date, geometrical, abstract mode was discovered through the advanced development, with the tendency of mechanical modification. This paper attempts to practice in accordance with liberal form's fascinating variety from above formative style the application of engineering science. As follows presenting the drawing and 3D MODELING/DATA accordingly it carries out the 3D shapes and techniques by CAD & CAM.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 1980

According to the provious study. it was suggested a need for improvement of nursing care through application of nursing process in Ewha Womans University Hospital With those data. it has been applied to the nursing care at maternity ward by nurses. This study was undertaken to determine the evaluation of the application of the nursing process which is an orderly. systemic min of deforming the patient's/client's nursing problems. This study involved 191 cases with patient chart and was carried out from Feb. 1979 to Feb. 1980 is Ewha Womans University Hospital. The results were as follows : 1. Actual performance of“Assessment”stage was 59%, and 45 ％ for the nursing diagnosis. 2. It was achieved with specific planning of nursing care for 71.6% and the plan was safely and effective implemented (97.9% ). 3. Afer“Implement”stage it was made of evaluation and feedback process (39%). 4. Nurses in Eha womans University hospital. they showed the Positive attitude toward the application of nursing process. but they saggested that there were lack of manpower and the consideration of time allocation. Recommandation are as follows : 1. All nursing staff must participate in continious education program for nursing process. 2. The results suggest a need for modification for the nursing history formeat and SOAPIER. 3. A need for improvement of physical condition for interview and effective utilization of nursing staff. 4. It will more effective when Dr's medical record replace by problem ariented aedical record( POMR).

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 1990

In order to explane the stereotactic procedure, the three steps of the procedure (target localization, dose planning, and radiation treatment) must be examined separately. The ultimate accuracy of the full procedure is dependent on each of these steps and on the consistancy of the approach The concern in this article was about dose planning, which is a important factor to the success of radiation treatment. The major factor in dose planning is a dosimetry system to evaluate the dose delivered to the target and normal tissues in the patient, while it generates an optimal dose distribution that will satisfy a set of clinical criteria for the patient. A three-dimensional treatment planning program is a prerequisite for treatment plan optimization. It must cover 3-D methods for representing the patient, the dose distributions, and beam settings. The major problems and possible modelings about 3-D factors and optimization technique were discussed to simplify and solve the problems associatied with 3-D optimization, with relative ease and efficiency. These modification can simplify the optimization problem while saving time, and can be used to develop reference dose planning system to prepare standard guideline for the selection of optimum beam parameters, such as the target position, collimator size, arc spacing, the variation in arc length and weight. The method yields good results which can then be simulated and tailored to the individual case. The procedure needed for dose planning in stereotactic radiosurgery is shown in figure 1.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.301-308
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• 1999

Path planning for field operation of agricultural machinery is an indispensible part for precision farming or autonomous field operation. In this study, two algorithms (I, II) of generating a time-based shortest operation path were suggested to plan an optimal operation of an agricultural tractor-implement in a rectangular shaped field. The algorithms were based on modification of a minimum spanning tree algorithm, and applied for tractor-implement operations. the generated path was consisted of round operation and returning operation sections. The number of round operation was determined from the condition that a tractor can turn smoothly at headlands. The performance of the algorithms was evaluated by the calculation number for path generation and the total path length generated. Their stability was affected by the number of returning operation, but the algorithm II was considered to be more stable. In addition, the performances of the developed algorithms were compared with those of the conventional field operations at selected field sizes and shapes. The results showed that the algorithms could reduce field operation time greatly. For a 100m$\times$40m field, the reduced path length was 78m. The study also included an user interface program for implementing the algorithms and generating GPS coordinates that could be used in GIS softwares for precision farming.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1795-1804
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• 2014

Owing to the reduction in the peak power of a DC railway subsystem, many studies on energy storage system (ESS) applications have received attention. Each application focuses on improving the efficiency and addressing regulation issues by utilizing the huge regenerative energy generated by braking-phase vehicles. The ESS applications are widely divided into installation on a vehicle or in a substation, depending on the target system characteristics. As the main purpose of the ESS application is to reduce the peak power of starting-phase vehicles, an optimized ESS utilization can be achieved by the operating at the highest peak power section. However, the weight of an entire vehicle, including those of the passengers, continuously changes during operation; thus, considering the total power consumption and the discharging point is difficult. As a contribution to the various storage device algorithms, this study deals with ESS on board vehicles and introduces an ESS operating plan for peak-power reduction by investigating the weight of a train on a real-time basis. This process is performed using a train-performance simulator, and the simulation accuracy can be increased because the weight in each phase can be adopted in the simulation.