• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.116-125
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• 2022

Recent aspects of terrorism varies in various ways according to means, targets, and regions. In particular, the 9/11 terrorist attacks in the United States in 2001 changed the paradigm of each country's terrorism, and the South Korea also participated in the enactment and enforcement of the Anti-Terrorism Act in 2016. Based on this, CBRN terrorism is included in general terrorism, and the National Police Agency plays the role of a control tower, and a system supported by related organizations such as the Ministry of Environment is being built and operated. However, restrictions were confirmed in the organizational system, manpower composition, and equipment and materials in operation in preparation for CBRN within the police. Based on the identified limitations, we proposed improvement plans to strengthen the capacity for CBRN terrorism: establishing a dedicated CBRN organization; creating research organization; and securing additional dedicated personnel. Based on this, as an improvement plan to strengthen the capability of CBRN, the establishment of an organization dedicated to CBRN and a research organization within the National Police Agency, and expansion of electronic equipment suitable for the characteristics of CBRN were proposed. It is expected that the police's on-site response capability system for CBRN terrorism will be strengthened via the proposed improvement measures to recover the various restrictions on the response to CBRN terrorism.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.778-790
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• 2021

The Stone Seated Buddha Triad and Stone Standing Buddha in Bijung-ri are state-designated heritage (treasure) statues having the Buddha style of the Goryeo dynasty from the 6th century. Conservation scientific investigations were conducted to understand the preservation status of these stone Buddha statues and to establish a conservation plan. The Stone Seated Buddha Triad and Stone Standing Buddha are composed of fine-medium grained biotite granite, which is considered to be of the same origin owing to their low magnetic susceptibility distribution of less than 0.2 (×10^-3 SI unit) and similar mineral characteristics. The Stone Seated Buddha Triad has highly homogenous mineral composition and particle size, whole-rock magnetic susceptibility, and geochemical characteristics very similar to those of the nearby outcrop. It was confirmed that a combination of physical, chemical, and biological factors affects the Stone Buddha statues. In particular, both the Stone Seated Buddha Triad and Stone Standing Buddha tend to be chipped off from the front and cracked and scaled from the back. The Stone Standing Buddha located outdoors experiences granularity decomposition and black algae formation, which accelerate the weathering under unfavorable conservation environments. The result of non-destructive physical property diagnosis using ultrasonic velocity showed that both the Stone Seated Buddha Triad and Stone Standing Buddha have been completely weathered (CW), indicating very poor physical properties.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.53
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• pp.179-206
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• 2020

The objective of this study is to derive key factors of commentaries in classical music concerts with commentaries and to measure the importance of each attribute, thereby presenting the characteristics of commentaries and commentators as well as suggestions to concert planners in terms of composition. In addition, by developing a scale that can measure classical commentary, a questionnaire is provided so that concert planners can plan programs that gathered the opinions of the audience. To this end, the first, second and third rounds of the Delphi survey and AHP were applied to concert planners, musicians (performing artists), and academic experts. A questionnaire was developed based on the results, and the survey was verified by conducting a pilot test with the general audience. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, the purpose of commentaries must be focused on arousing the audience's interest rather than on delivering information. Second, commentators must meet the auditory satisfaction of the audience with a good voice and clear pronunciation based on impeccable vocalization. Third, commentaries must be concise, with the commentaries appearing at least five times per concert, each of which must not exceed five minutes. Fourth, as a result of the pilot test, this study derived 14 items to rate commentary skills across four factors: four items for "arousing interest," three items for "delivering information," three items for "favorability," and four items for "expressiveness." Based on these results, the authors of study presented effective implications for concert planning.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.405-411
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• 2022

In this study, K-Digital Training program, which is a representative government project of vocational training for new digital technologies in response to the 4th industrial revolution, is analyzed and an improvement model is suggested. The K-Digital training project is rapidly expanding, with the number of training operators increasing by 7.1 times and training course programs by 8.5 times within three years of implementation, but there is a severe problem in that education and training programs are concentrated in the metropolitan. To solve this problem, a shared training model is proposed. This model is a plan to maximize the use of local human and material resources, to respond to new digital technologies through systematic composition and operation, and to enhance the stability and reliability of education and training. In each region, a sharing and cooperation model in the form of a consortium is established that jointly utilizes resources scattered by various training institutions such as instructors, training contents, and training infrastructure related to digital new technology. In addition, a training certification evaluation system is introduced to increase the credibility of the rapidly developing digital new technology training.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore the internal foundation of lifelong education for the disabled. The composition system of the meaning of contents for this purpose is divided into three elements: 'of' which means subject based on lifelong education for the disabled, 'for' which means purpose, and 'from' which means practical main base. The research method was to discuss the academic basis, practical application model and plan, or to analyze the literature through the previous studies that were actualized in order to form the internal foundation of the support system for lifelong education for the disabled. Second, the expert meeting was conducted to improve the specificity of the research contents based on the basis of the literature analysis. The contents of this study are presented in two main ways: the foundation of developmental disabilities and the foundation of schools by synthesizing the main bases of subjects, purposes, and practical base required to form the internal foundation of lifelong education for the disabled. The above two factors first establish the internal universality of the support system for lifelong education for the disabled, and in connection with the types of sensory disabilities and the general lifelong education. As a result, the long-term stability of the overall support system for lifelong education for the disabled was analyzed.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.37-50
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• 2022

This proposes a direction to build and provide an exhibition space based on the metaverse platform so that artists can independently open their own exhibitions in an online environment. Although many artists are produced every year, offline exhibitions are becoming difficult due to not many art galleries, and offline exhibitions are becoming impossible due to Corona, which began at the end of 2019, and online exhibitions are emerging as an alternative. We analyze cases of existing online exhibition methods and visit online exhibition methods such as web, video, and virtual reality and metaverse environment then present a plan for individual exhibitions in consideration of the recent metaverse environment. The proposed metaverse-based personal exhibition method is structured so that artists can construct a space on the metaverse and place their works, and then viewers can freely take a look on it from a remote location. Based on the proposed exhibition direction, the representative metaverse platform was applied to confirm the characteristics and possibilities of exhibition space and composition of works and users' exhibition experience. In the face of the rise of online exhibitions, space can be constructed in the direction the artist pursues in online exhibitions as well as offline exhibitions, but also online exhibitions, and hopes that online exhibitions will become another genre of exhibitions rather than incidental after the end of Covid-19.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.207-213
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• 2023

Computed tomography (CT) images are used as the basis for proton Bragg peak position estimation and treatment plan simulation. During the Hounsfield Unit (HU) based proton stopping power ratio (SPR) estimation, small differences in the patient's density and elemental composition lead to uncertainty in the Bragg peak positions along the path of the proton beam. In this study, we investigated the potential of dual-energy computed tomography image-based proton SPRs prediction accuracy to reduce the uncertainty of Bragg peak position prediction. Single- and dual-energy images of an electron density phantom (CIRS Model 062M electron density phantom, CIRS Inc., Norfolk, VA, USA) were acquired using a computed tomography system (Somatom Definition AS, Siemens Health Care, Forchheim, Germany) to estimate the SPRs of the proton beam. To validate the method, it was compared to the SPRs estimated from standard data provided by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The results show that the dual-energy image-based method has the potential to improve accuracy in predicting the SPRs of proton beams, and it is expected that further improvements in predicting the position of the proton's Bragg peak will be possible if a wider variety of substitutes with different densities and elemental compositions of the human body are used to predict the SPRs.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.19-41
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• 2016

This study aimed to diagnose the housing conditions of the low income single or couple elderly households. Specifically, this study divided the elderly households into total 8 housing situations according to the three factors of residential area, household composition and income level, and compare the housing satisfaction level by household situation. This study was conducted in the form of the 1:1 interview with structured questionnaire and the field study, targeting the low income single or couple elderly households over 65 years old in urban and rural areas. The 80 collected data was analyzed using the SPSS statistics program. First, the households living in the urban areas and those in the rural areas had different housing conditions. Secondly, there was a clear difference in housing conditions between the single elderly households and couple elderly households. Third, the housing conditions were different depending on the gap in income level. This research is expected to be used as a basic resource to understand their various and differentiated demands and plan the housing environment to properly meet the demand.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.51-62
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• 2012

Geumho-dong, Seoul, a redeveloped residential area, is located in the foothills of Mt. Eungbong. The geographical undulation, the composition of a large apartment complex, and the partial implementation of the redevelopment project have caused the severe physical and social disconnections in this area. In order to recover functioning in the disconnected community, this study pays attention to the regeneration of the open spaces as an everyday place and in the form a network system among those open spaces. Various types of the open spaces are classified into points or faces, 'bases' and linear 'paths' analyze the network status. More than half of the open space have connecting-distance of 500m or more. Furthermore, many areas are not even included in the service-area of the open spaces. Analysis of the connectivity and integration value using the axial map has carried out to check weak linkages and to choose the sections where additional bases are required. In addition, to improve the quality of the bases and the paths, a field investigation is conducted and problems are diagnosed. The network planning of the open spaces in Geumho-dong is established, ensuring the quality and quantity of bases and paths. The plan includes the construction of an additional major base in the central area and six secondary bases in other parts, and comes up with ways to improve the environment of underdeveloped secondary bases. In the neighborhood parks at Mt. Daehyun areas, the major path are added, and the environment of the paths is improved in certain areas. Because of the network planning, the connecting-distances between bases are reduced significantly, the connectivity and integration value of the area are increased, and the service areas of the open spaces cover the whole area properly. Although this study has some limitations such as the needs for the legal and institutional supports and difficulties of a quantitative indexing process, its significance lies in the suggestion of a more reasonable and practical plan for the overall network system by defining complex types of open spaces simply and clearly and by examining the organic relationships quantitatively and qualitatively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.82-95
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• 2014

This study aims to draw up measures to planting tree and maintain a landscape in traditional space. Preceding comprehensive theoretical consideration of selected species of trees and tree maintenance. And analysis of present condition of planting in cases of Gwanghalluwon Garden, then draw a maintenance plans of planting through species of trees and landscape of planting recorded in literature. The results were as follows. First, Analysis of selected species of trees and tree maintenance that traditional space. A dispute about the selection species of trees in traditional space has been continued until today. Because unconditional reject of foreign trees are limited. In this context, should be sublated that hasty blind faith of records and dichotomous preparation plans such as removal of foreign trees and implicitly planting of native plants. Secondly, Planted trees in Gwanghalluwon garden was investigated and found to the species of trees used in traditional space such as Pine(Pinus densiflora S. et Z.), Sawleaf Zelkova(Zelkova serrata), Ginkgo(Ginkgo biloba), Crape Myrtle(Lagerstroemia indica L.). But, present planting irrelevant to traditional space, except Gwanghallu pavilion area from the spatiality. Thirdly, A look at the records or literature that maintenance of planting through historical research are limited. Because literature was recorded Salix spp., Crape Myrtle, Bambusoideae(Pseudosasa japonica), lotus only among planted trees in Gwanghalluwon garden. Fourth, Gwanghallu zone have nature of history and sense of place. And It was going to restore the appearance on historical. Consequently maintenance plan of planting of Gwanghallu zone should be maintain the current state. Wanwol pavillion zone can be recognized as the original form because they look similar to the Gwangallu zone's buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to secure the sense of place different from Gwanghallu zone by buffer planting for composition of transition space. Wolmaejip zone and lawn zone was marketplace in outside of castle and large forest. Accordingly, this area should be symbolic restoration of the Yulrim(栗林) and representation of the marketplace in outside of castle through aggregation of facilities and administrative facilities in Gwanghalluwon garden. East lawn of the Wanwol pavilion zone is should be maintained the current state that opened place in terms of using thought linked with the Wanwol pavilion zone. Boundary zone of the Gwanghalluwon garden is difficult to associate in terms of historical research and authenticity. Therefore, application of cultural landscape that appeared in literature is be worth.