• Human Ecology Research
• /
• 제61권3호
• /
• pp.361-373
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop and apply a teaching-learning plan of apartment house class to improve middle school students' empathy for home economics education and to verify its effect. The study was conducted in five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation using the ADDIE model. In the analysis phase, the study set learning objectives after analyzing how community housing is dealt with in the 2015 revised home economics curriculum and 12 current technology and home economics textbooks. In the design and development stage, in order to evaluate the validity of the experts and to improve the empathy ability, the study goal design, the composition of the learning elements, the development of the learning materials, and the pre and post-questionnaire for the students were developed. In the implementation stage, the empathic ability evaluation was carried out before and after the beginning of the first class by applying the teaching-learning process plan of the 8th class. In the evaluation stage, we examined whether the teaching-learning process developed in this study has a significant effect on empathy ability by evaluating the pre-post difference of empathy ability. As a result of examining the results of the pre - and post - evaluation of empathy ability for the results of this study, both cognitive and communicative factors were improved, and the apartment house class had a significant effect on the improvement of empathy ability.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.51-64
• /
• 2014

Most planting grounds have converted to the artificial ground of the upper part of underground parking lot in apartment complex recently by increasing utilization of underground parking area. This study has examined the composition of each ground and planting status. The study presents problems of planting plans in artificial ground landscaping in apartment complex. This study has conducted reference and field research. It has researched green space planning, planting characteristics and measures condition of soil depth in 3 regions surveyed. The results are listed below. First, hybrid ground has the highest percentage and natural soils has the lowest percentage in the composition of green space in apartment complex. Artificial green space is composed of a number of small-scale grounds. Second, The study has found that planting characteristics don't reflect soil properties. On the other hand, planting deep rooting big arbors has a high proportion in artificial Ground. Third, the study has figured out 98% of fit in minimum soil depth for growth. Fourth, planters and landscaping stones are constructed in case of small green space. On the other hand, mounding is constructed in case of large green space. However in case of mounding types it has low fit, so it needs to improve this problem.

• 한국지리정보학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.16-27
• /
• 2010

가로는 도시를 구성하는 선적(線的) 요소로서 도시 발전의 축이다. 이러한 가로의 본질적 기능은 통행이 목적인 교통공간이지만 이와 함께 사람과 사람의 만남, 휴식, 오락 등의 다양한 활동을 담아내는 커뮤니티의 장으로서 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 가로는 기본적으로 보도와 차도 그리고 가로를 에워싸고 있는 가로변 건축물로 구성되는 3차원의 공간이다. 이때 가로변건축물은 가로공간을 구성하는 중요한 물리적 구성요소로 가로변건축물의 입면은 사람들이 가로공간의 이미지를 형성하는데 중요한 변수로 작용하게 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 가로변 건축물의 입면을 구성하는 형태구성요소를 대상으로 가로경관의 이미지에 영향을 미치는 시지각적 우세요소들을 추출하고 각각의 요소들의 만족도와 선호도를 조사/분석하여 향후 도시가로 경관계획 시 기초자료로 활용할 수 있도록 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.53-59
• /
• 2012

This research studied the characteristics of the customer circulation in four department store food court restaurants located in Seoul. The characteristics of the customer circulation are the following: Before customers leave the dining space where they eat food, they come and go to spaces such as the water purifier space, the napkin storage, and the cup storage. On the other hand, they do not come and go from the dining space to the waste area or the area where used cups are returned. Therefore the spaces, that need to be located very near the dining space, are the water purifier space, the cup storage, and the napkin storage. The waste area does not have to be placed very near the dining area and the area where used cups are returned is not needed. A minority of customers drink water and use napkins after going to the waste area and the area where dirty dishes are kept. To prevent these customers from going against the circulation of the majority of customers, a water purifier space, a cup storage, and a napkin storage should be placed additionally connecting to the waste area and the area where dirty dishes are kept. For effective circulation plan and spatial composition of food court restaurants, these characteristics of customer circulation should be considered. It is not recommended to place the water purifier space, the napkin storage, and the cup storage, the waste area or the area where used cups are returned, and the hand cleansing facility in the same location just for the convenience of workers.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.156-164
• /
• 2015

Nursing Homes do not have a defined standard in the space area nor does it have a detailed standard facility requirement by law. This can possibly lead to the deterioration of the facility and the system. This directly affects the medical treatment space area within the nursing home. The medical treatment area provides medical treatment to seniors and this is where the seniors get most of their daily services. Therefore, this is research is about the study of the space area of the medical center and the ratio trend of the space area for the medical treatment facility located in senior nursing homes. Ten facilities have been selected in this study to analyze the correlation factors between space area and its trends. The analysis performed includes the conditions relating to the area and what affects the center. We have followed up with a proposal for improvement of the facility and area configuration for the medical treatment facility. Based on the analysis, the following conclusion can be made: First, the senior welfare centers are mostly used as a residence purpose followed a temporary stay of residence facility for the seniors. Second, research indicates that the bigger the facility, nursing and public functions took a larger portion of the space area compared to other services within the senior welfare centers. Third, the study shows the management space area took up about 1%~6% of the entire medical center within the nursing home which is a narrow space area because of the integrated management. Fourth, analysis based on the trend in the time-series indicate after the adoption of the system, there is a continued decline in the space area of nursing, management and public areas. Lastly, since before and after 2008, the space area composition of the nursing facility shows a continuous decline in our study. We can safely conclude that the revised senior welfare act's construction plan has an effect in the facility and is effectively working to meet its requirement. Therefore, the revision of the law is required to reflect the social needs of the residents.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the residential space composition and extension of Jeonja-jip and Dureong-jip in Samcheok region. The results of this study are as follows. It appears three residential plan types - Jeonja-jip with Anmaru(a room made of wooden floor), Jeonja-jip without Anmaru and Dureong-jip with Anmaru- in survey region. It was needed the extension of residential space at Jeonja-jip(a house type with two-row rooms which be composed of 田type under one roof) and Dureong-jip(a house type with inner floor which be surrounded by rooms under one roof) because of shortage of sleeping space, working space and keeping space owing to growing large family. The solutions of these shortages will be the extension of space in houses. Jeonja-jip's basic type which is the Kyup-Jip(a house type with two-row rooms under one roof) of 一 type with 6 Kans(Kan, a unit to count room to divided with four posts) is transformed and extended to 田shaped house with 11 Kans toward X-axis orientation. Dureong-Jip's basic type which is ㄱ type with 7 Kans is transformed and extended to the Sekyup-Jip with 9 Kans and the Nekyup-Jip(a house type with four-row rooms under one roof) with 12 Kans toward Y-axis orientation by insertion and addition. Jeonja-jip was developed into Kyup-Jip with front 4 or 5 Kans and side 2 Kans instead of being done into Sekyup-jip or Nekyup-Jip with insufficient day lighting and ventilation problems. Jeonja-jip and Dureong-jip were stronger than any other traditional houses in tendency to reserve Magu(cowshed) and Chikkan(toilet) in a house.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.29-37
• /
• 2013

The modern town houses in Philippines has been changed through Spanish colonization over 300years and American military administration in 20C. Especially Cebu, the first contemporary capital of colonized Philippines by Spain, has various cultural characteristics and historical remains including old houses. By the economy condition in Cebu growing up, Bahay na bato, stone and wood house, has been settled for the elite or middle class of Cebu around 19C influenced by Spanish or Europe and Philippines native house called bahay kubo. Bahay na bato shows a common features, as revealed in this study, which all of them has a two stories with cut stone curtain wall and wooden beam and lintel, fronting the main street by approaching directly from street. And spatial separating also shown by setting living space to upper level instead of using storage or entrance hall called zaguan in lower level. Bahay na bato studied here shows a particular appearances in elevation, having volada and elaborate geometric or floral window pattern, also playing a role for ventilation with vetanilas below volada and main window in section. They have a rectangular plan with caida, sala, comedo, azotea almost similar to Spanish and ealier colonial Mexico style mixed with Philippines traditional style showing the strong spatial separation functionally and space wideness for party occasionally.

• 한국비블리아학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.317-340
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 지역사회의 도서관 접근성 향상을 위한 지역 개방형 학교도서관에 대한 연구로서 기존의 학교도서관으로 이용하던 시설일부를 개방하여 지역주민에게 공공도서관의 소분관으로 제공함으로써 도서관접근성 향상 및 지역주민의 평생교육 제공에 목적을 갖는다. 또한 공공도서관의 이용활성화를 통해 국민생활의 정보이용 복지향상에도 기여할 것으로 기대하고 있다. 이에 대한 논의로 교육과학기술부와 대통령소속 도서관정보정책위원회에서는 도서관 접근성 향상 및 활성화를 위한 대책으로 공공도서관의 분관에 속하는 소규모도서관과 작은 도서관 확충에 노력을 기울이고 있다. 지역에 거점도서관의 소분관 설치 증가도 의미는 있겠지만 지역주민의 접근이 용이한 학교도서관에 같은 기능을 접목시켜 설치할 경우 도서관 조성시 대지 및 공간확보에 대한 예산을 절약할 수 있음은 물론 학교도서관 자체의 질적 향상 또한 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 그러나 학교도서관은 기능과 성격이 공공도서관과는 차이가 있으므로 학교도서관을 지역개방하여 활용할 경우에 대한 공간에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 따라서, 본 연구를 통하여 학교도서관을 지역사회에 개방하기 위한 배치와 규모 그리고 공간구성에 지향방안을 모색함으로써 향후 조성될 개방형 학교도서관이 본연의 기능을 수행할 수 있도록 하고자 한다.

• 한국비블리아학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.51-77
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 도서관공간구성이 필요한 환경적 요인, 도서관공간 관련 실무의 중요도, 사서가 갖추어야 할 도서관공간기획 능력이 도서관공간기획 관련 교육에 미치는 영향에 대한 사서의 인식을 파악하고자 시작하였으며, 연구결과를 바탕으로 도서관공간기획 업무를 담당하는 사서와 사서를 대상으로 하는 도서관공간기획 관련 교육 방향에 기여하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 도서관공간기획 관련 교과내용에 미치는 영향에 관한 조사를 바탕으로 교육의 방향과 개선사항을 제안하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 도서관공간기획 관련 교육은 공간기획 실무를 중심으로 진행되어야 할 것이다. 둘째, 도서관공간기획 과정에서 사서의 참여는 이용자 및 전문가와의 원활한 소통을 위해 중요하게 인식되어야 할 것이다. 셋째, 도서관공간기획 관련 교육방법과 교육과정을 도서관 규모와 예산에 따라 계획하는 방안이 필요할 것으로 보인다. 넷째, 도서관공간기획 관련 교육에 대한 적극적인 홍보가 필요할 것으로 보인다. 도서관 공간교육의 적극적인 홍보를 통해 사서의 공간실무 참여와 필요성은 강조될 수 있으며, 나아가 도서관 운영과 이용자들에게 도서관서비스를 제공하는데 기여하게 될 것이다.

• 토지주택연구
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.223-232
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the supply status and planning trend of North Korean housing through analysis on the North Korean architecture specialized media data. The flat composition is changing and the living room is becoming the center of the houses. Also, in the urban areas, the standard apartment type is four apartments in a row and the plan form is getting diversified into circle type, Y type, and irregular type. On the other hand, in the rural areas, two houses in a row and single house are typical and the change in planning scale and space structure are not substantial. Since the 2000s, design changes have been made to emphasize the third dimensional structure of buildings such as the elliptical houses and L-shaped houses. Furthermore, 8~10 households are located on one floor which leads to the tendency of the building enlargement. In terms of house size, a square concept was introduced to replace the initial 2~3 room concept and the basic module of the room planning the 3 room house based on $3m{\times}3m$. However, there seems to be no standard house size, and the house size may differ depending on the social classandregion. In the early 1980s, when there was focus on the apartment complex construction, the high-rise apartment buildings of 30~40 floors was planned. However, during the Pyongyang redevelopment project, apartments of more or less than 10 floors were built and row-houses of more or less than 4 floors were built. In terms of the complex scale, a lot of small complexes of around 300 households are emerging after 2010. The construction projects are mainly limited to specific regions such as Pyongyang and Samjiyeon, and also limited to specific classes such as the workers and soldiers initially and the scientists lately. In addition, living boundary composition and ancillary facilities for sufficient green area ratio securement and the people of North Korea are maintained consistently. In recent years, the specialized floor planning such as solar house and the house for the disabled people, framework houses for redevelopment business, and multi-storied house construction technology are also emerging.