• Land and Housing Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.91-102
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to prepare the introduction of the community facilities in public corporation buildings as the effort to community activation in the innovation city. The type and development condition of community facilities, and the cases of the private and public corporation buildings are studied. Moreover, the type and scale of facilities which can be established in the public corporation building that will move to the innovation city. The result can be summarized as follows; First, the community facilities can be classified into leisure, public administration, culture, athletics, and welfare, and the facilities are suggested at each hierarchy of living area. Secondly, the result of the case study shows that the public corporation establishes and operates various facilities include welfare, culture, and athletic facilities while the private part usually installs the cultural one. Thirdly, cultural(library, museum, performing place), athletic(soccer field, tennis court, swimming pool), welfare(day nursery, children's library) facilities are selected as the applicable ones to the public corporation building which is going to move to the innovation city. And finally, the basic unit of each facility is derived based on the investigation of legal standard, present condition, and literature reviews, etc., and applied to estimate the scale of the community facility in the public corporation building.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.357-366
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• 2016

This study compared 24 newly-built elementary schools in Sejong City regarding the size of the site and school, as well as the outdoor space to improve the site and space programming in school planning. Among the others, one result indicates that the overall number of classes in a school should be reduced to 48, including the affiliated kindergarten, instead of the present number of 50. In addition, the number of classes must be counted in lieu of the number of student by classifying the size of school. In light of the present mean ratio of school building area per site in the city of 24.6%, which is much higher than other comparable city schools, the ratio should be about 20.0% by increasing the sports facility and outdoor spaces. In addition, the deprivation of the area caused by the district-unit-plan and the irregularity of the place should also be considered when determining the size of a school and site.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate safety and dangerous awareness of environment on walking trails. For this purpose, questionnaire survey are carried out by people who had experience using walking trails during 2016. It is evaluated that environments of walking trails located inside big cities are inferior than ones located in small and medium-sized cities and countryside in air pollution, bed smell, water pollution, noise, and waste. Needs about management and number installed public restroom are high for hygienic environment of walking trails. With waste treatment, users of 2.4 percentage are showed improper behavior that they left their rubbish at the place out of view but others bring their trash. Accident likelihood is highly appreciated and possibility of physical accident like slipping is showed at the highest. The reasons of accident on walking trails are responded with carelessness of walkers and improper of installation or management of safety facility at the most. For safety environment of walking trails, needs of installation of safety fences and notices of dangerous area are requested. In order to separate prevention from paths of walking trails, signposts are needed at visual clearness, maintenance, installation with proper interval and location, and correct contents. Respondents of 2.4 percentage have experiences of accident on walking trails and physical accident like slipping is occurred at the most.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.59-66
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• 2015

Purpose: Recently, Housing area plan has tried to reflect a public space of various forms. However, most of cases are indiscriminately developments, which don't reflect the diverse needs of residents. In addition, a subject of the public space is not clear and consistently stable of the management, so the residents don't have an interest enough to take advantage of it. Method: In order to make a plan of the public space of a residential complex, an architect designer needs to take a few things into consideration. One is a physical facility in needs. And other one is a management of keeping a social place stably and consistently, which allows residents to be able to interact with each other. It should be regarded for residents to form a sense of belonging, while minimizing the interface friction. When all these problems are fulfilled, an interaction will be made to improve the quality of the living environment. Result: Therefore, in this study, it is necessary to define the meaning of territoriality of the external public space of housing complex. This study makes it possible to improve the relationship of neighborhood and the quality of the life for the residents, depending on the time. This is the first step as 'the research for the territoriality of the external public space of housing complex', in order to define about the concept, function, characteristic of territory(the base of territoriality) and to establish the territoriality that can form the physical or psychological boundary in public space.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.16 no.5 s.110
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• pp.544-550
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• 2006

The interaction between people and sound and the way how people consciously perceive their environment are central approach to soundscape research. In this respect, this paper aims to clarify the relationship between water-sound level and recognition region in urban area. As a passive soundscape facility, fountain is a useful way to give place such as public square, park identity and vitality. In this study, to know the optimistic distance and sound level range from fountain, sound levels due to distance were measured and subject responses were checked by questionnaire. As a result, levels from 63 dB to 67 dB were recommended by subjects and moving forward to fountain less satisfactory than backward. Moving forward 5 m and backward 5 m(total range 10 m): there was a difference in satisfaction ratio by 2,5 out of 10. The results of this study could be used for street furniture location design and P.A. system output level.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.45-58
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to the integrated evaluation of the present condition and satisfaction of visitors of rooftop greening area using quantitative and qualitative method. The thirteen green roofs were selected to investigate environmental variables as like building structure, soil, water, atmosphere and climate environment and questionnaire survey for investigate the satisfaction of visitors was conducted. The results of this study are as follows : remove of the hazardous inflow of species, install rain water recycling facility, install outdoor unit of air condition where not to affect plants in green roof, install safety facilities in the case of making resting place, plant variable vegetation and so on. The result of questionnaire survey are that visitors want to make more comfortable resting space. The more bigger the resting space and privacy, the more satisfaction of visitor became high. In conclusion, green roofs implementation should be considered reduction of temperature and delay of runoff, insulation effect and ecological restoration as well as rooftop greening is focused on the development of resting space nowadays.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.71-84
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• 1998

Health has been seen as a resource necessary for both maintaining oneself and for living in a society pursuing high quality of life. Therefore, the medicare provision takes place of one of the most significant indexes for evaluating the regional welfare level. The purpose of this study is to investigate the locational characteristics of medicare service facilities. For the purpose, the distribution patterns of the medicare resources are analyzed both at the regional and local scales. The medicare resources are concentrated at the Metropolitan Seoul area in the regional scale, and they are also concentrated at the economic core areas in the local scale. Especially, higher level medicare resources, such as the general hospitals and medical specialists, show more concentration at the economic core areas than lower level services. This means that access to opportunities to receive higher level medicare is poorer in a more socially disadvantaged area. Since medicare service facilities are invested and operated by both private and public sectors, whose locational mechanisms are deferent, we analyzed the distribution patterns. Most medicare facilities are invested and managed by private sector in Korea, which is operated by market mechanism. This is related with the fact that the medicare facilities are concentrated at the economic core areas. The proportion of private sector is higher in the Metropolitan Seoul area, and thus this region shows stronger spatial disparity of medicare provision. In general, the medicare service facilities are located in the hierarchical structure, and thus the services levels and facility scales are differentiated by the hierarchy. We examined the hierarchical structure in the medicare service facilities in Korea. The referral medicare system has been applied with the assumption of the three level hierarchical structures in Korea. However, we could not find any distinct hierarchical structure in the scales of the medical service facilities.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.101-109
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• 2015

Purpose - A traditional retail market is a place that offers economic opportunity to employees and employers alike it also is a place where the community can meet. The Korean government has invested three trillion won to improve physical and non-physical aspects in traditional retail markets since 2004. However, little research on this has been conducted. We explore this research gap that could lead to theory extension. We analyze consumption behavior with respect to traditional retail markets through an empirical analysis, thus overcoming limits in previous research. We empirically analyze policy effects of traditional retail market projects supported by the Korean government. Research design, data, and methodology - We propose a traditional retail market improvement plan via the relation between cause and effect resulting from the analysis. More specifically, logit analysis was carried out with 1,754 consumers in 16 cities nationwide. In order to analyze consumer consumption behaviors nationwide, the probability was analyzed using a logit model. This research analyzes the link between support and non-support by the Korean government using binary values. The dependent variable is whether Korean government support is implemented; the binomial logistic regression is used as the statistical estimation technique. The object variables are:1 (support) or 0 (nonsupport), and the prediction value is between 1 and 0. As a result of the factor analysis of questions related to attributes of service quality, four factors were extracted: convenience, product, facilities, and service. Results - The results indicate that convenience, product, and facilities have a significant influence on consumer satisfaction in accordance with the government's traditional retail market support. Additionally, the results reveal that convenience, product, facilities, and service all have a significant influence on consumer satisfaction in a traditional retail market's service quality and consumer satisfaction. Finally, the analysis indicates that the highly satisfied traditional retail market customer has a significant influence on revisit intention. Moreover, the results reveal that the highly satisfied traditional retail market customer has a significant influence on recommendation intention. Conclusions - This research focused on consumers nationwide to measure policy effects of traditional retail markets compared to previous research that focused on one traditional retail market or a specific area. We verified the relationship of service quality and customer satisfaction and consumer behavior based on service quality theory. The results indicate that consumer satisfaction of traditional retail markets supported by service quality factors has a significant impact. In a concrete form, the results indicate that these effects are from facility modernization projects and marketing support projects of the Korean government. The results also imply that these facility and management support effects from the Korean government have been consistent. We realize that the Korean government has to selectively support traditional retail markets in major cities and small and medium-sized cities. To that end, the Korean government needs to select a concentration strategy for the revitalization of traditional retail markets.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.67-77
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• 2019

Korea, which has changed from burial-oriented culture to cremation culture due to the increase of cremation rate, preferred charnel: however, we have adopted the new processing method of cremated remains, 'natural burial' because of deterioration of charnel facility and the problems with imposed urns. Ashes are absolutely required due to the inefficient use of territory for charnel and natural burial and natural environment pollution, but this is out of legislative system in reality. This study will hold an investigation research on ashes that handles cremated remains which is not mentioned in 'Act on Funeral Services, Etc.' as well as investigate the present-condition of 'facilities for scattering cremated ashes,' as prescribed by law. As a result, there were 42 public crematoriums with a place for scattering cremated ashes, and the name of 40 of them were hill of grave. We conducted a survey to see if the workers at public cremation facilities in the Seoul metropolitan area knew about hill of grave, 'the facilities for scattering cremated ashes.' The result showed 95.9% knew about hill of grave and 88.2% answered some improvement was partially needed. Therefore, this study is to propose improvement measures for the scattering ashes facilities of public crematoriums based on the results of research and present investigation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.230-236
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• 2001

The usual definition of and urban resort was a place vastly different from places of daily life such as a theme park or other tourist destination. At the same time, revival of the combination of usual and unusual spaces, in a way like the mixed "Hare"(Special occasion of public event) and "Ke"(Daily life) spaces of communities of old Japan, is part of the idea of urban resorts. And they are places, which start by making a comfortable urban environment for citizens, providing a daily life full of culture and promoting a city′s identity to visitors. if we think about the kinds of structural elements of urban resorts, the usual elements include community, local culture and industry, while the unusual elements include symbols, festivities and interaction. Kobe Wing Stadium is a venue for the 2002 FIFA World Cup hosted by Korea and Japan. The city will build the stadium, but after construction management will be given over to private enterprise, hoping to utilize that sector′s business know how. A competition was held to determine the private executor who would be entrusted with the planning, design, construction and management of the project, considering the conditions of the area, the stadium′s relationship to it and local revitalization. The competition was won by a private enterprise (Kobe Steel Obayashi Group). The them of "Creation of a Sports Community Park" grapples with the large issue of the facility′s relationship with the community. American geographer Yi-fu Tuan coined the word "topophilia" to indicate love of a place. No other word could better describe the desired urban resort nature of the stadium. From this historical perspective it seems that stadiums have great potential as urban resorts. The factor that will determine their success is the attitude of citizens toward them, in short whether they develop topophilia for them or not. We examined the urban resort nature of Kobe Wing Stadium. Regarding daily life, we saw the attempts to revive the local community, the possibility of deepening the local culture and the weakened state of local industry. As a place that is for more than daily life, we saw the certainty of the stadium′s symbolism, its potential as a place for festivities and the test it will face as a space for interaction. Even though several issues are left for future resolution, evaluating Kobe Wing Stadium through these elements of an urban resort, it is clearly founded in the daily life of the community while providing a venue for "Hare"occasions. Fulfilling the roles of an urban resort, it provides many opportunities for local residents to enjoy their and gives visitors a reason to come repeatedly.