• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.171-175
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• 1998

This study was to estimate the strength of pine needle ash concrete using cement, natural aggregates and pine needle ash(PNA). The highest strength was achieved by 5% pine needle ash filled PNA concrete respectively. It was increased 6% by compressive strength, 15% by tensile strength and 13% by bending strength than that of the normal cement concrete, respectively.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2003

Plant ash and soil drainage, derived by frequent mountain fires during winter, might cause biological contamination to seaweeds at seashore and river mouse area. To thalli of Ulva pertusa, maximum non-lethal concentration(MNLC), lethal concentration 50 $(LC_{50})$ and minimum lethal concentration (MLC) of pine needle ash were shown as 60, 350 and 550 mg/mL, respectively. The yellow loess and granite sand did not damage at concentrations of 20 and 200 mg/mL, respectively To thalli of Porphyra yezoensis, the MNLC, LC5O, MLC of pine needle ash were shown as 0.08, 0.4 and 1.0 mg/mL, respectively. Effects of yellow loess and granite sand were approximately 1/2 and 1/10 of the ash. To thalli of Undaria pinnatifida, the pine needle ash, yellow loess and granite sand did not damage at the concentration range of 20 to 40 mg/mL. Change of pigments $(chlorophyll\;\alpha,\;lutein,\;\beta-carotene,\;phycoerthrin)$ was also determined at the MNLC, $LC-{50}$ and MLC of pine needle ash. Among three seaweeds tested, P. yezoensis produced the most 2.7-fold of lutein and 2.3-fold of $\beta-carotene$ at $LC-{50}$ of the ash. Thus the P. yezoensis, appeared as a sensitive indicator, could be used as one of test organisms for determination of the biological effect of pollutants contaminated in marine environment.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.326-332
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• 2000

In order to investigate the possibility of functional property improvement of meat products, four kinds of pork patties were prepared with water 10% as control, mugwort extract 10%, pine needle extract 10% and fatsia leaf extract 10%, respectively. In case of control moisture content was higher, but crude fat was lower, compared to patties treated with plant extracts. Crude ash content of pine needle extract treatment showed higher level than that of other patties. pH range of patties revealed to 5.92∼5.978. In raw patties Hunter's L-and a-value of control were higher than those of plant extract treatment, and a-value of raw patties showed higher level than that of cooked. Yield, water holding capacity, salt soluble protein extractability and gel strength among patties did not show significant differences. In control patty, fat retention was lower compared to other plant extract treatments, but water soluble protein extractability was higher compared to pine needle. Values such as hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness were not significantly different among the patties. In sensory scores such as aroma, juiciness and palatability, significant differences were not observed among cooked patties, but texture score was higher in the order pine needle, mugwort, fatsia leaf and control.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.405-410
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 솔잎분말을 첨가하여 기능성식빵을 제조하기 위한 반죽의 품질특성을 조사하였다. 일반 성분측정 결과 생 솔잎은 수분 58.1%, 조단백질 4.5%, 조지방 3.9%, 조회분 0.9%, 식이섬유량 9.3%로 나타났다. 반죽의 pH 측정 결파 대조구의 pH는 5.9, 솔잎분말 $1{\sim}3%$ 첨가시에는 $5.8{\sim}5.5$ 범위로 나타났다. 반죽의 호화도는 솔잎분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 호화 개시 온도는 증가하였고 최고 점도는 감소하였다. 반죽의 falling number는 솔잎분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 낮아졌다. Farinograph, alveograph에 의한 분석결과 수분흡수율의 경우 솔잎분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 반죽 안정도는 증가하였고, 반죽 발전시간은 감소하였다. Alveograph은 최대압력을 나타내는 P값은 솔잎분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 낮아졌고 부피와 신장성도 솔잎의 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 반죽 발효팽창력 또한 솔잎분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 솔잎분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 제빵 반죽의 물리성이 떨어진다는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2011

본 시험은 육계에 솔잎 분말의 급여량에 따라(0. 0.3%, 0.6% 및 0.9%) 5주간 사육한 육계의 생산성과 계육의 일반성분, 도체특성 및 혈액성상을 조사하였다. 실험구는 솔잎 분말을 첨가 급여하지 않은 처리구를 대조구, 솔잎 분말 0.3% 급여구는 T1, 솔잎 분말 0.6% 급여구는 T2 그리고 솔잎 분말 0.9% 급여구를 T3 등 4개 처리구로 나누어 실시하였다. 육계의 생산성은 처리구간 유의적인 변화는 없었고, 폐사율은 대조구와 T1에 비해 T2와 T3에서 낮아졌으며, T2와 T3간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다(P<0.05). 계육의 수분, 조단백질, 조지방 및 조회분 등의 일반성분은 유의성이 없었다. 도체 특성 중 도체중, 도체율 및 비장 무게는 처리구 간에 유의성이 없었고, 간의 무게는 대조구와 T1은 비슷하지만, T2와 T3는 유의하게 가벼웠는데 급여량이 많은 T3에서 다소 가벼운 결과이었다(P<0.05). 복강지방은 솔잎 분말의 급여량이 늘어남에 따라 감소하는 경향으로 T3에서 유의적으로 가벼웠다(P<0.05). 육계의 혈액 성상 중 HDL-cholesterol과 glucose는 솔잎 급여구에서 높았고, 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL-cholesterol은 낮아지는 결과로(P<0.05) 솔잎을 0.6% 이상 급여할 경우 유의한 변화를 보였다. TBARS는 솔잎 분말의 급여량이 증가함에 따라 다소 감소하였고, 보수성과 전단력은 유의성이 없는 결과이었다. 결론적으로 솔잎 분말을 0.6% 이상 급여하면(T2) 육계의 폐사율이 낮아지고, 총콜레스테롤, LDL-cholesterol이 감소하며, HDL-cholesterol이 증가함으로 혈액 성상을 개선할 가능성이 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2000

This study is performed to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of pine needle ash (PNA) concrete. Materials used for this experiment are PNA, normal portland cement, natural fine and coarse aggregate. Test results show that the unit weights of PNA concrete are decreased 1 % ∼3% and the highest strength is achieved by 5% PNA filled PNA concrete. Compresive strength increased by 5% , tensile strength by 20% and bending strength by 15% as compared with those of the normla cement concrete , respectively. The highest ultrasonic pulse velicity and dynamic mudulus of elasticity are acheved by 5% PNA filled PNA concrete, which are similar to those of the normal cement concrete.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.99-103
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• 1999

This study examines the stress-strain and acid-resistance of pine needle ash (PNA) concrete. Materials used for this experiment are PNA , normal portland cement, natural fine and coarse aggregate. Test results show that the highest static modulus of elasticity are achieved by 5 % PNA filled PNA concrete. Acid-resistance of PNA concrete is increased with increase of the content of PNA. It is 1.29 times of the normal cement concrete for 5 % PNA filled PNA concrete and 2.57 times fo r15% PNA filled PNA concrete, based on the elased days for 25% mass loss of original mass immersed in the 5% H2SO4 solution. Accordingly, PNA concrete will greatly improve the properties of concrete.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
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• pp.271-276
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• 1999

This study is performed to evaluate an elastic properties and acid-resistance of concrete using pine needle ash(PNA). Materials used for this experiment are PNA , normal portland cement, natural fine and coarse aggregate. Test results show that the highest ultrasonic pulse velocity , dynamic and static modulus of elasticity is achieved by 5% PNA filled PNA concrete, which has showed similar with those of thei normal cement concrete. Acid-resistance of PNA concrete is increased with increase of the contnet of PNA , it is 1.29 times of the normal cement concrete by 5% PNA fille PNA concrete an d2.57 times by 15% PNA filled PNA concrete . Accordingly , PNA concrete wil greatly improve the properties of concrete.