• 한국정보기술학회 영문논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a method for skin condition analysis using a camera module embedded in a smartphone without a separate skin diagnosis device. The type of skin disease detected in facial image taken by smartphone is acne, pigmentation, blemish and flush. Face features and regions were detected using Haar features, and skin regions were detected using YCbCr and HSV color models. Acne and flush were extracted by setting the range of a component image hue, and pigmentation was calculated by calculating the factor between the minimum and maximum value of the corresponding skin pixel in the component image R. Blemish was detected on the basis of adaptive thresholds in gray scale level images. As a result of the experiment, the proposed skin condition analysis showed that skin diseases of acne, pigmentation, blemish and flush were effectively detected.

• ALGAE
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2003

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2021

Background: Dental caries and periodontal disease are bacterial infectious disease, mainly caused by plaque, a bacterial colony deposited on the tooth surface and gum tissue. Dental plaque disclosants easily stain the dental plaque, making them effective for scaling and tooth brushing education. As the erythrosine typically contained in dental plaque disclosants is highly cytotoxic, a low toxicity additive is needed. In this study, we aimed to examine the natural pigments with negligible cytotoxicity but can effectively stain the dental plaques for use in dental plaque disclosants. Methods: The pigmentation of eight types of natural pigments was tested on bovine tongue and teeth, as well as on head and neck tissue sections of experimental ICR mice. The cytotoxicity of gingival epithelial cells was measured via MTT assay. Pigmentation was performed on the bovine tongue and tooth surface. Pigmentation in the oral environment was observed in four mandibular incisors. A 2 Tone was used as a control. Results: Of the eight types of natural pigments, purple and blue pigments were effective in coloring dental plaques on the enamel surface as well as in the head and neck tissue sections. Additionally, purple and blue pigments were visible on the surface of the bovine tongue. Red, pink, orange, green, purple, and yellow pigments showed strong cytotoxicity, whereas brown and blue pigments had relatively low cytotoxicity. Blue pigment was effective in staining the dental plaque of four mandibular incisors. Conclusion: We suggest that the blue pigment derived from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae), which is effective for coloring dental plaques and has low cytotoxicity, is useful as a naturally derived dental disclosant.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.337-341
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• 2006

목 적: 기관지 탄분 섬유화증은 국내에서 드물지 않게 관찰되는 특징적인 소견으로, 기관지 내시경상 기관지내 탄분 침착 및 협착 소견이 관찰된다. 이는 외국의 보고에서는 찾아보기 힘든 병변이며, 아직 결핵과의 관련성만 추측할 뿐 뚜렷한 원인이나 발병기전에 대해 알려진 바는 없다. 이에 본 저자들은 기관지 내시경상 탄분 침착을 보이는 환자들의 임상양상 및 연관된 질환을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하게 되었다. 방 법: 2000년부터 2004년까지 건양대학교 병원에서 기관지내시경 검사를 시행한 환자 1340명중에서 기관지 탄분 섬유화증의 병변이 기술된 70명(5.2%)의 환자의 임상양상 및 최종 진단을 확인하여 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결 과: 대상자의 평균연령은 $60.6{\pm}9.2$세로 대부분 고령이었고, 여성이 44명(62.9%)으로 남성26명(37.1%)보다 많았다. 탄분증과 흡연의 관계는 비흡연가가 56명, 흡연가가 14명으로 비흡연가가 흡연가에 비해 4배정도 많아 탄분증과 흡연은 관계가 없는 것으로 보였다. 거주지를 도시와 농촌으로 비교하였을 때 도농간 차이는 보이지 않았다(34명 vs 36명). 기타 특별한 사회 인구학적 차이는 없었다. 입원 당시 환자들의 증상은 대부분 기침이 주된 증상이었다. 기관지 내시경상 기관지 폐쇄 소견을 보인 환자는 21명(30.0%)이었고 주로 우상엽과 우중엽부위가 많았다. 최종 진단으로는 객담 항산균 검사 및 조직소견(PCR포함) 등으로 확진된 결핵이 34례(48.6%)이고, 나머지 환자 중에 과거에 결핵을 앓은 병력이 있는 환자가 6례로 총 40례(57.1%)에서 결핵과 연관성을 확인할 수 있었다. 그 밖에 고혈압 15례(21%), 당뇨병 9례(13%), 만성폐쇄성 폐질환 7례(10%), 폐암 6례(8.6%), 진폐증 1례(1.4%), 천식 1례(1.4%)로 나타났다. 결 론: 기관지 내시경상 기관지 탄분 섬유화증의 병변은 5.2%의 유병률을 보였으며, 고령의 여자에서 높은 빈도를 보이며, 57.1%에서 결핵과는 연관성이 있었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권7호
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• pp.364-369
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• 2013

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) plays an indispensable role in epidermal pigmentation in hyperpigmentary disorders due to a central role in melanogenesis. Nevertheless, precise mechanism involved in ET-1-induced hyperpigmentation is still undefined. Glycoprotein (transmembrane) non-metastatic melanoma protein b (GPNMB) is a key element in melanosome formation. Therefore, we speculated that GPNMB was correlated with ET-1-induced pigmentation. After culturing with ET-1, melanin synthesis was significantly up-regulated, accompanying with increased expression of GPNMB and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Total number of melanosomes and melanin synthesis were sharply reduced via GPNMB-siRNA transfection, indicating ET-1-induced pigmentation by GPNMB-dependent manner. Furthermore, MITF-siRNA transfection strikingly inhibited GPNMB expression and the melanogenesis, and this suppression failed to be alleviated by ET-1 stimulation. All of these results demonstrated that ET-1 can trigger melanogenesis via the MITF-regulated GPNMB pathway. Taken together, these findings will provide a new explanation of how ET-1 induces hyperpigmentation, and possibly supply a new strategy for cosmetic studies.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2004

Melanin pigmentation has an essential role in protecting human skin against the damaging effects of ultra violet radiation, infection, environmental factor, etc. However abnormal melanin pigmentation can directly cause a number of congenital and acquired pigmentary skin disease. This study conducted to evaluate the effects of various partition extracts of Codonopsis lanceolata on the melanogenesis in the B 16 melanoma cells. The cells were treated for 3 days with various partition extracts of Codonopsis lanceolata. While treatment with the BuOH partition extract of Codonopsis lanceolata increased significantly the tyrosinase activity and melanin content, the n-Hexane or ethyl acetate partition extract dose-dependently suppressed them compared with untreated control. But ethyl acetate partition significantly decreased the cell viability. The H2O partiton extract at various concentrations did not exhibit any significant change on the melanogenesis. These results indicate that treatment with the n-Hexane partition extract inhibits the melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells, and raise the possibility that this extract may be effective in the abnormal melanin pigmentation as well as the whitening agent for the skin.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.194-197
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• 2001

Progressive pigmented purpuric dermatosis(Schamberg's disease, purpura simplex) is an uncommon eruption characterized by petechiae and patches of brownish pigmentation, particularly on the lower extremities. Lesions remain for months or years and present only a cosmetic problem. there is no hematologic disease, venous insufficiency, or associated internal disease. The most characteristic feature is orange brown, pinhead-sized "cayenne pepper" spots. It is hard to find similar disease in Oriental Medicine, however it could be though related with 瘀血. We observed and treated a 25 old female with progressive pigmented purpuric dermatosis on her lower extremities, without pain and itching sign. About 1 year after our treatment, herb-medication. acupuncture treatment, negative therapy and applied aroma oil in order to remove the 瘀血(a kind of congestion) & inner heat and promote the circulation of her blood, the area of pigmented purpuric dermatosis was decreased remarkably and the colour was lighter. She is been treated continuously now and satisfied with the efficacy of treatment.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.189-193
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• 2012

구강내의 다발성 색소침착은 애디슨증후군, 포이츠-예거 증후군과 같은 선천성질환에 의하여 유발되거나, 악성 흑색종, 흑색극세포종, 신경섬유종증과 같은 국소적인 질환, 흡연, 만성 외상, 약물 복용 등에 의해서 유발될 수 있다. 이러한 질환 중 악성흑색종과 같은 질환은 생명을 위협할 수 있는 질환이므로 구강 내 색소 침착이 발견될 경우 정확한 진단이 필수적이다. 이러한 병소의 정확한 감별 진단을 위해서는 구강 내 색소 침착을 유발할 수 있는 원인에 대해서 숙지하고 있어야 하며, 상세한 병력 청취가 중요하다. 또한, 필요 시 혈액검사를 비롯한 이화학검사를 시행하거나 생검을 통하여 조직병리학적인 소견을 확인하고, 주기적으로 환자의 임상 소견에 대한 평가를 시행하여 변화를 확인하여야 한다. 그 동안 일반적으로 색소 침착을 유발하는 것으로 알려졌던 약물 외에, 만성 C형 간염 환자에서 페그인터페론 알파와 리바비린의 병용 요법 중 발생한 구강 내 다발성 색소 침착 증례가 있어 문헌 상에 보고되었던 만성 C형 간염 환자의 약물치료와 연관된 구강 내 색소 침착의 증례들과 함께 고찰해 보고자 한다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.363-366
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• 2012

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a rare syndrome with characteristic features of multiple hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous pigmentation. This syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease, and has complications related with polyps of the gastrointestinal tract, such as small bowel obstruction, iron deficiency anemia associated with bleeding, and intussusceptions. Many studies have reported about higher cancer risk of patients with this syndrome than those with no syndrome in the gastrointestinal tract, including gastric, duodenal, jejunal and the extragastrointestinal organs, such as gallbladder, breast and reproductive system. There are guidelines for periodic test for early detection and treatment for higher risk organs. We report a case of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome patient in the emphasis of Oral and Maxillofacial surgeon's role with review of the literature.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.766-771
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• 1988

Von Recklinghausen`s neurofibromatosis, tuberous sclerosis and encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis[Sturge-Kalischer-Weber syndrome] are frequently classified under the heading of organic neurocutaneous syndromes. Both neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis are believed to represent instances of simple autosomal dominant heredity. Multiple neurofibroma and cafe*-au-lait spots are the hallmarks of the van-Recklinghausen`s disease. The characteristic features of the fully developed syndrome are [1] pigmentation of the skin, including cafe*-au-lait spots, pigmented freckles and males, and occasionally a generalized darkening of the skin; [2] subcutaneous nodules and deep neurofibromatous tumors and diffuse plexiform growths of neural tissue; [3] skeletal anomalies, especially scoliosis; and [4] predilection to malignancy. In recent years cystic lung disease, usually of the so-called honeycomb lung variety, has been reported on several occasions in patients with tuberous sclerosis. This association has been shown to our sporadically as well as in members of a single family. Little attention has been paid to the presence of cystic lung disease in association with neurofibromatosis. Currently, most think of thoracic involvement in neurofibromatosis in terms of posterior mediastinal neuroma, pheochromocytoma, meningocele or, less commonly, parenchymal pulmonary neurofibromatosis. Author have experienced a case of von Recklinghausen`s disease. This case developed a huge neurofibroma in the both side thorax and invaded to the Lt. 7th rib.