• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2001

Skin is constantly exposed to air, solar radiation, ozone and other air pollutants formulating free radicals. The reactive oxygen species(ROS), formed under these conditions, are associated with skin cancers, cutaneous photoaging, and cutaneous inflammatory disorders. In this study, we sought to establish an animal model for UVB-induced skin alteration using BALB/c mice. The level of UVB irradiation used in this model was within physiological dose. BALB/c mice were exposed to a single dose of UVB ($200mJ/cm^2$ and were sacrificed at 3, 6, 24, and 48 hours following the irradiation. The effect of a single exposure to UVB irradiation on skin catalase(CAT), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and glutathione peroxidase(GPx) activities were examined. Significant decrease in the activity of all enzymes were observed at 6 hours after irradiation(p<.05). The activity of CAT decreased more sharply than those of SOD and GPx, and then remained depressed until 48 hours after UVB irradiation, whereas the activity of GPx recovered to basal level at 48 h after UVB irradiation. Our results indicate that BALB/c mouse could be an adequate animal model of UVB irradiation experiment. These results will also provide fundamental knowledge for the effective nursing strategies in reducing UV-induced skin disorders.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.229-235
• /
• 2015

Skin aging is the phenomena finally expressed on the skin surface and related to the changes in the microstructure of the skin texture. Which is resulted in wrinkle formation and uneven tone of skin and so on. In this study, the synergy effect of Cedrol and a collagen-derived peptide in type III collagen synthesis was evaluated by in vitro test. The physiological skin state of 22 female volunteers was measured after using the cosmetics for 4 weeks. Results showed that Cedrol and a collagen-derived peptide had the excellent synergy effect in type III collagen synthesis. The cosmetics improved skin microrelief, star configurations, skin gloss, skin tone, hydration and elasticity except skin lightening. In conclusion, this study proved that Cedrol and collagen-derived peptide had the synergy effect of type III collagen synthesis in the cell level and cosmetics with those was improved skin aging in human volunteer test.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.19-28
• /
• 1970

In order to investigate the changes in the temperature regulation mechanism following ingestion of red pepper, twenty healthy man were given 2 gms of powdered red pepper each in 100 ml of water at room temperature, $20^{\circ}C$, Simultaneous recordings of temperature and electrical resistance of the skin of forehead were taken by means of Physiograph, using appropriate transducers. Temperature of various spots such as the cheek, upper tack and the forearm was also measured by the telethermometer at interval of two minutes. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Seventeen out of 20 subjects showed immediate rise in the skin temperature of the forehead, and 11 of them manifested the oscillating pattern of the skin temperature. The average of the largest peak amplitude was $0.58{\pm}0.355^{\circ}C$. 2. Even those who failed to show the immediate rise in the temperature did not keep the quiescence over 9 minutes, and delayed responses were revealed. 3. The rise in tile skin temperature is the favourable sign for the heat discipating mechanism only because the sweat glands are activated with the concomittant rise in the temperature of the skin. 4. There was a preceding or coincide fall in the electrical resistance of the skin, and it was also attributed to the glandular activity. 5. At rather cool room temperature, $20^{\circ}C$, no visible sweat was seen during the period of observation. Nevertheless it was obvious that latent activation of the sweat glands was triggered and the. threshold was lowered. This situation imitates the acclimatized condition in the hot environment, and it is likely to increase the tolerance in tropical climate from the view point of temperature regulation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.63-74
• /
• 2022

Objectives : Skin aging is generally characterized by wrinkles, sagging, loss of elasticity roughness, pigmentation and dryness. This changes is caused by reducing the elements constituting the extracellular matrix contributing to the physiological properties of the skin, such as collagen fiber, elastic fiber, and hyaluronic acid. Adequate skin hydration is important to maintain normal skin function and reduce skin aging. The present study is objective to observe skin moisturizing effects of Unripe apple(UA, Immature fruit of Malus pumila Mill) in vivo and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods : ICR mice were orally administerd UA(100, 200 and 400mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks, and skin water contents and the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-𝛽1, ceramide, hyaluronan and collagen type I(COL1) were measured in dorsal back skin of the mice. Gene expression of hyaluronan synthase(HAS1, HAS2, HAS3), collagen synthase(COL1A1, COL1A2) and TGF-𝛽1 were also determined by realtime RT-PCR. Results : Skin water contents and the expression of TGF-𝛽1, ceramide, COL1 and hyaluronan were significantly increased in UA group(100, 200 and 400mg/kg/day) compared to vehicle control. The mRNA expression of HAS isoform(HAS1, HAS2, HAS3), COL1A1, COL1A2, and TGF-𝛽1 were also significantly increased by UA. Conclusions : UA has skin moisturizing effects and enhancement activities in skin function related components(COL1, hyaluronan, ceramide and TGF-𝛽1). These results suggested that UA can be a developing candidate for developing alternative skin protective agent or functional food ingredient.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.182-187
• /
• 2017

The purpose of the present study is a comparison of the antioxidant effects of Angelica gigas Korea (AG), Angelica sinensis of China (AS), and Angelica acutiloba of Japan (AA), and comparison of the effects of AG, AS and AA on tight-junction related genes in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. All species showed a strong antioxidant effect, and AA was higher than AG and AS in antioxidant effects. The cytotoxicity was confirmed to be higher in AS than AG and AA at a concentration of $1,600{\mu}g/ml$ using the MTS assay in HaCaT cells. We analyzed the effects of AG, AS, and AA on mRNA expression levels of various tight-junction related genes in HaCaT cells. We found that no obvious changes in expression of Claudin 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, Occludin, JAM-A, ZO-1, ZO-2, and tricellulin by treatment of all species, suggesting that there is less possibility of side effects and skin moisturizing effects due to changes in tight-junction gene expression. Our results suggest that AG, AS, and AA are thought to be effective in reducing the oxidative stress of the skin and preventing the aging of the skin.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.25-29
• /
• 2023

This study was designed to establish an atopic dermatitis (AD) model using MC903 and was conducted to find out the optimal challenge concentration that can cause dermatitis symptoms enough to be experimentally verified while reducing adverse effects such as weight loss. MC903 was treated at concentrations of 2, 3, and 4 nmol/day, and evaluation of skin surface symptoms, water contents, histopathological changes, body weight changes, and spleen/body weight ratio was conducted. In addition, the expression level of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) was also observed. In our results, MC903 induced AD skin lesions such as erythema, scab and fissure and lowered skin moisture level significantly. In addition, water holding capacities in the 3 or 4 nmol groups were diminished significantly compared to that in the control group. On the other hand, 4 nmol treatment induced a weight loss of up to 20% compared to control group. Finally, a higher level of TSLP expression was observed in the 3 nmol group than in the 2 nmol group or the 4 nmol group. Taken together, we propose a total 14-day protocol consisting of 3 days of sensitization (2 nmol/day) and 6 days of challenge (3 nmol/day).

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.193-198
• /
• 2004

PET/CT combines the functional information from a positron emission tomography (PET) exam with the anatomical information from a computed tomography (CT) exam into one single exam. A CT scan uses a combination of x-rays and computers to give the radiologist a non-invasive way to see inside your body. One advantage of CT is its ability to rapidly acquire two-dimensional pictures of your anatomy. Using a computer these 2-D images can be presented in 3-D for in-depth clinical evaluation. A PET scan detects changes in the cellular function - how your cells are utilizing nutrients like sugar and oxygen. Since these functional changes take place before physical changes occur, PET can provide information that enables your physician to make an early diagnosis. The PET exam pinpoints metabolic activity in cells and the CT exam provides an anatomical reference. When these two scans are fused together, your physician can view metabolic changes in the proper anatomical context of your body. PET/CT offers significant advantages including more accurate localization of functional abnormalities, and the distinction of pathological from normal physiological uptake, and improvements in monitoring treatment. A PET/CT scan allows physicians to measure the body's abnormal molecular cell activity to detect cancer (such as breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, lymphoma, melanoma and other skin cancers), brain disorders (such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy), and heart disease (such as coronary artery disease).

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.81-89
• /
• 2004

The effects of developed grape bags on the micro-climate changes of bag, physiological disorder, pathogenic decay, quality and harvest time evaluation in 'Campbell Early' grapevines were studied. The temperature and light transmittance of developed grape bags showed no differences compared with the onces of conventional bag and non-bagging, but relative humidity and the amount of water evaporation were changed in all treatments. The occurrence of unfertilized fruit, poorly colored fruit, russet and gray mold rot showed no significant difference in all treatment at harvest time. Developed grape bags decreased effectively the occurrence of cracking fruit and bitter rot in 'Campbell Early' fruit. There was no difference in growth of cluster and berry, soluble solids and total acidity in fruits, degree of skin color and bloom appearance at harvest time. The skin color and fruit boom and harvest time evaluation in developed grape bags were resulted excellent compared with the once of conventional bag and non bagging.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.206-216
• /
• 2014

To investigate the anti-photoaging effect of fermented Red Ginseng(RG) in SKH-1 mice. We examined the effects of extracts of non-fermented RG(NRG group), fermented RG(FRG group) and fortified fermented RG(FFRG group) on skin wrinkles formation, histological changes related to the number of epidermal cell layers, epidermal thickness, neutrophil infiltration into dermis, degradation of collagen fibers, and the number of mast cells, and immunohistochemical changes related to cytokines and enzymes in photoaging skin caused by UVB irradiation of SKH-1 mice. The oral administration(300 mg/Kg B.W./day) and topical application($100{\mu}{\ell}/mouse/day$) of extracts of NRG, FRG and FFRG inhibited increases in epidermal thickness and wrinkle formation compared to control group in dorsal skin induced by UVB irradiation. We observed more increased stainability of acid fuschin and aniline blue in dermis of FFRG group than those of other groups. Furthermore, NRG, FRG and FFRG prevented the disruption of collagen fibers within papillary layer of dermis, and decreased number of mast cells in the dorsal skins induced by UVB irradiation. We observed fine wrinkle formation in FFRG group. Treatment with NRG, FRG and FFRG decreased immunohistochemical density of myeloperoxidase related to inflammation in the photoaging skin. We observed more decreased immunohistochemical density of myeloperoxidase in FFRG group than those of other groups. Immunohistochemical density of PCNA and Ki-67 in FFRG group was more decreased than those of other groups. Our study suggests that fermented red ginseng extracts participates in inhibitory effects in the morphological processes related to photoaging skin on UVB irradiated SKH-1 mice.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.636-642
• /
• 2014

In the theory of Korean medicine, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (ADR) can expel wind and relieve exterior syndrome, and eliminate dampness. Recently, ADR has been reported to have possibilities as anti-inflammatory agent and cosmetics. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of ADR on contact dermatitis (CD). In order to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of ADR on CD, we investigated the effects of ADR on ear thickness, ear weight, skin lesion and histopathological changes in mice with CD induced by 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). In addition, the effect on spleen weight was also measured. In our results, topical application of ADR lowered ear thickness and weight respectively. ADR treatment also improved skin lesions such as erythema and scale. In the histopathological observation, ADR-treated group showed diminished epidermal hyperplasia and immune cell infiltration in inflammed tissues compared to those of non-treated control group. In conclusion, These data suggest that ADR has anti-inflammatory action in inflammed skin tissue, resulting in improving skin lesion and histopathological abnormalities of CD.