• 대한간호
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• 제23권4호통권127호
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• pp.38-48
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• 1984

Physiological Response to Stress Ae Ran Hwang (Nursing College Yonsei University) There are many stressors in our modern day society which threaten our health and shorten our life. So nurses need to be knowledgeable about various responses to stress in or

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.219-227
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to review physiological mechanisms of internet addiction and to construct a theoretical framework for cognitive behavioral therapy for internet addicts. Methods: We searched for relevant literature in the PubMed and RISS databases using the terms "internet addiction", "internet game addiction", "internet abuser", and "online game". Only English, full-text articles published from 2000 to 2015 were included in this review of physiological indicators of internet addiction. Finally, 12 articles were selected for review. Results: The theoretical framework developed based on the review proposes that excessive internet use itself may induce physiological stress responses with an increase of stress-related hormones and neurotransmitters. Prolonged abnormal responses of these physiological features produce negative structural and functional changes in the prefrontal cortex, which is mainly involved in cognitive and executive functions. These changes may result in decreased cognitive function. As a stressor, excessive internet use leads to transforming voluntary use into involuntary, habitual use and thus promotes the development of internet addiction. Conclusion: The proposed theoretical framework encompasses cognitive processes that may contribute to the effects of internet use-induced physiological stress on internet addiction. We believe that this framework has important implications for developing cognitive behavioral strategies for internet addicts.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to review the moderating effect of social support on the relationship between job stress responses(physiological response, psychological response, behavioral response) and occupational accidents/illness. Based on the responses from 187 employees in small & medium manufacturing industry, hierarchical regressional analysis showed that physiological response has positive relationship with accidents and illness, and psychological response has positive relationship with accident. Social support has partly moderating effect on the relationship between job stress responses and occupational accidents/illness.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2008년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.317-327
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to review the relationship between job stress responses(physiological response, psychological response, behavioral response) and occupational accidents/illness, and the moderating effect of social support. Based on the responses from 187 employees in small & medium manufacturing industry, hierarchical regressional analysis showed that physiological response has positive relationship with accidents and illness, and psychological response has positive relationship with accident. Social support has partly moderating effect on the relationship between job stress responses and occupational accidents/illness.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2002

최근 들어 컴퓨터와 디스플레이 기술의 발달로 실제 공포 상황에서의 자극과 거의 유사한 자극을 유발할 수 있는 가상환경의 창조가 가능하게 되었으며 이러한 실제 상황에서의 노출치료 대안으로 가상현실을 이용한 공포증의 치료방법이 사용되어져 왔다. 하지만 가상환경이 공포증 환자 에게 심리적이나 생리적으로 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대한 연구는 거의 전무한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 가상환경 하에서 공포증환자와 정상인의 생리적 반응에 대한 평가를 함으로써 가상환경이 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하고. 또한 가상현실 치료 시에 공포증환자의 생리적 반응의 변화를 측정함으로써 치료의 성공유무를 판단할 수 있는 지표를 제시하고자 한다. 본 실험은 스물 두 명의 정상인 (평균 32.74세)과 서른여섯 명의 비행공포증 환자를 대상으로 두 그룹으로 나누어 진행되었다. 생리적 반응으로는 심박동수, 피부저항. 그리고 피부 온도를 측정하였다. 실험결과. 두 그룹에서의 피부저항은 유의한 차이(T(56)=2.978, p〈0.01)를 보였으며, 공포증 환자 그룹 중 가상현실로 공포증이 치료가 된 서른세 명의 피부저항은 치료가 진행됨에 따라 점차 정상인의 특성 쪽으로 가까워짐을 보였다. 본 연구를 통해 생리적 반응. 특히 피부저항은 가상환경에서 피험자의 상태를 이해하거나, 가상환경을 이용한 치료의 결과를 검증하는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것이라 사려된다.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2000년도 춘계 학술대회 및 국제 감성공학 심포지움 논문집 Proceeding of the 2000 Spring Conference of KOSES and International Sensibility Ergonomics Symposium
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• pp.15-25
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• 2000

Cardiac, respiratory, electrodermal and frontal (F3, F4) EEG responses were analyzed and compared during to slides of International Affective Picture System (IAPS) in the study on 42 students. Physiological responses during 20s of exposure to slides intended to elicit happiness (nurturant and erotic), sadness, disgust, surprise, fear or anger emotions were quite similar and were expressed in heart rate (HR) deceleration, decreased HR variability (HRV), specific SCR, increased non-specific SCR frequency (N-SCR), and EEG changes exhibited in theta increase, alpha-blocking and increased beta activity, and frontal asymmetry. However, some emotions demonstrated variations of the response magnitudes, enabling to differentiate some paris of emotions by several physiological parameters. The profiles showed higher magnitudes of HRV and EEG responses in exciting (i.e., erotic) and higher cardiac and respiratory responses in surprise. The most different pairs were exciting-surprise (by HR, HRV, theta, and alpha asymmetry), exciting-sadness (by theta, alpha, and alpha asymmetry), and exciting-fear (by HRV, theta, F3 alpha, and alpha asymmetry). Nurturant happiness yielded the least differentiation. Differences were found as well within negative emotions, e.g., anger-sadness were differentiated by HRV and theta asymmetry, while disgust-fear by N-SCR and beta asymmetry. Obtained results suggest that magnitudes of profiles of physiological variables differentiate emotions evoked by affective pictures, despite that the patterns of most responses were featured by qualitative similarity in given passive viewing context.

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 1999년도 학술발표대회 논문집 제18권 1호
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• pp.269-273
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• 1999

Combination of mental stress task with noise background is a traditional tool employed in psychophysiology. However, intensity of background noise is a factor affecting both performance on test and psychophysiological responses associated with stress evoked by mental load in noisy environment. In the current study on 7 subjects we analyzed the influence of white noise (WN) intensity (55, 70, and 85 dB[A] ) on psychophysiological responses during word recognition test performed on noise background. There were recorded following physiological variables: electrodermal activity (EDA) , namely, skin conductance level (SCL), skin conductance response (SCR) amplitude (SCR-A), rise time and total number of SCRs (N-SCR); cardiovascular activity, e.g., heart rate (HR), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) index, pulse transit time (PTT), finger pulse volume (PV), skin temperature (SKT) and respiratory activity, such as respiration rate (RESP-R) and inspiration wane amplitude (RESP-A) during baseline resting state and 40 s long performance on 3 similar Korean word recognition tests with different WN intensity (55, 70, and 85 dB). Electrodermal responses (SCR-A, SCL, N-SCR) demonstrated gradual increment with increased intensity of noise, and this increase of response magnitude with higher intensity of noise was typical also for r skin temperature (phasic SKT decrease) and pulse volume (phasic and tonic PV decrease). However, some cardiovascular and respiratory responses did not exhibit same tendency of gradual increase of reactivity , namely HR, as well as RESP-R and RESP-A showed decrement of response magnitudes. Important finding in terms of cardiovascular reactivity was that 55 and 70dB evoked similar profiles, while 85dB WN resulted in significantly different profile of reactions, suggesting that there exists a threshold level after which intensive auditory stimulation elicits psychophyslological responses pattern of different quality. There are discussed potential autonomic mechanism involved in mediation of observed physiological responses.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.855-862
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• 2022

Environmental stressors considerably influence the health and safety of humans and must thus be continuously monitored to enhance the urban environments and associated safety. Environmental stressors typically act as stimuli and lead to behavioral changes that can be easily identified. These behavioral responses can thus be used as indicators to clarify people's perceptions of environmental stressors. Therefore, in this study, a framework for assessing environmental stressors based on human behavioral responses was developed. A preliminary experiment was conducted to investigate the feasibility of the framework. Human behavioral and physiological data were collected using wearable sensors, and a survey was performed to determine the psychological responses. Humans were noted to consistently exhibit changes in the movement and speed in the presence of physical environmental stressors, as physiological and psychological responses. The results demonstrated the potential of using behavioral responses as indicators of the human perceptions toward environmental stressors. The proposed framework can be used for urban environment monitoring to enhance the quality and safety.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2008

The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between clothing microclimate and physiological responses, including subjective sensations, when, in a $15^{\circ}C$ environment, a range of temperatures inside clothing is broadly produced from using various combinations of upper and lower garments. Six male subjects participated in the investigation and the results were as follows. For all types of inside garments, the temperature of the clothing was lower than the skin temperature for the whole body in each case. The mean temperature for inside clothing ($\bar{T}_{cl}$) significantly showed the highest correlation with mean weighted skin temperature (r = 0.816) and was less positively correlated with the temperature of the inside clothing at the chest (r = 0.326) (p < .01). Values for both the energy expenditure and the heart rate were less positively correlated with the clothing microclimate (p < .01). The change of body heat content showed a negative correlation with the surface temperature of the innermost clothing (r = -0.519) and there was a difference between the innermost surface temperature and the outermost surface temperature of the clothing at the chest (r = -0.577). As td increased, the increase of body heat content declined (p < .01). There was a negative correlation between body fat and some of the temperatures inside the clothing (p < .01) and body fat had no significant correlation with the humidity inside the clothing. Subjective sensations were more highly correlated with $\bar{T}_{cl}$ than with the temperature of the inside clothing at the chest and had not significantly correlation with the humidity of the inside clothing. In conclusion, through these results, it can be seen that the temperature inside the clothing was related to various physiological responses and subjective sensations, and that the mean temperature of the inside clothing ($\bar{T}_{cl}$) showed a higher relationship with the temperature of the inside clothing at the abdomen than that at the chest.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.833-839
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• 2009

This study was to investigate the human's physiological responses and subjective sensations with wear trial through seasonal condition by age. Climate chamber was set $5^{\circ}C$, RH 45% for winter and $30^{\circ}C$, RH 65% for summer condition. Thirty male subjects were volunteered consisted of 10 people in their 20s, 40s, and 60s. In this study physiological responses such as rectal temperature, skin temperature, clothing microclimate, heart rate and blood pressure were measured. As for age, 60s was the highest in rectal temperature regardless of seasonal condition. In skin temperature, 40s was the highest in winter and 20s was the highest in summer. In clothing microclimate temperature and heart rate, 20s was the highest regardless of seasonal condition. And blood pressure was appeared the highest in 20s regardless of seasonal condition. Subjective sensations such as temperature sensation, wetness sensation and thermal comfort were measured. The subjects revealed that temperature sensation was higher 20s than 60s. Compare of other age group, 60s felt colder in the same environment and clothing. It suggested that temperature susceptibility in 60s became weakened showing no change sensation during the cold exposure. Wetness sensation was higher 20s than 60s. Thermal comfort of 60s was felt more discomfortable than any other age group. This means require the supplement of a suitable clothing in order to adjust to change of environmental conditions.