• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.79-87
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• 2020

Purpose: This study sought to determine how the act of performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) affects the rescuer's muscle tone, stiffness, and fatigue in the lumbar region. Methods: The research subjects were 30 healthy men in their twenties in possession of a Basic Life Support (BLS) provider certificate. In this study, the CPR rescuer's muscle tone and stiffness in the upper and lower lumbar regions were measured in the resting position, starting position, and position after 10 min. Their level of fatigue was measured before and after performing CPR. Results: Muscle tone and stiffness in the upper and lower lumbar regions of the research subjects significantly increased throughout the CPR process and lasted up to 10 min after the process (p<.001). The subjects' fatigue also significantly increased post-CPR (p<.001). Conclusion: This study suggests that performing CPR creates muscular and physiological stress, fatigue, and ultimately, lower back pain.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to examine the effect of an integrated care service which included a combination of oriental and western care on health outcomes in elderly patients with degenerative arthritis. Methods: A prospective comparative design was used. Data were collected from May 1, 2008 to June 30, 2009 from 85 elderly patients with degenerative arthritis in the lower extremities who were followed in a hospital out-patient department for 8 weeks. The integrated care service group (n=36) received a combination of physical therapy, acupuncture, western medicines or herbal medicines, and the western care group (n=49) received physical therapy or western medicines. Functional independence, walking speed, rotation balance, pain intensity, service satisfaction and total medical costs for the two groups were compared at 8 weeks. Results: Functional independence (t=2.14, p=.036) and walking speed (t=2.51, p=.014) improved significantly in the integrated care group while pain intensity improved significantly in the western care group (t=3.35, p=.002). The integrated care group reported higher scores for service satisfaction (t=2.09, p=.041) and higher medical costs than the western care group (t=2.15, p=.035). Conclusion: The results suggest that integrated care services are effective modalities to improve mobility and quality of life for elders with degenerative arthritis.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.351-359
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• 2021

Purpose: This purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of initial cognitive status on the recovery of functional status in patients with subacute stroke. Methods: The participants were 111 patients with subacute stroke, divided into two groups: mini-mental state examination (MMSE) <20 (n=49) group and MMSE ≥20 (n=62) group. Clinical evaluation scores were collected before and after rehabilitation. The repeated measurements ANOVA was used to confirm the changes in functional status before and after intervention in the two groups. Changes in functional status within the group were examined through a paired test. A Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was performed to identify the correlation between MMSE change amount and functional status score. Results: In each of the two groups, according to the initial cognitive status, the clinical evaluation score increased statistically significantly, but there was no difference between the two groups in the degree of significant increase. When examining the correlation between the MMSE change amount, according to the initial cognitive state and the functional state score change amount, it was found, only in the group with MMSE <20, that the larger the change in the MMSE score, the greater the functional state change of Berg balance scale, Rivermead Mobility Index, and motor assessment scale. This did not apply to the group with MMSE ≥20. Conclusion: Initial cognitive status should be considered when setting the patient's goal, and considering cognitive improvement when constructing a rehabilitation program is thought to have a positive effect on rehabilitation services.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.707-718
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• 2021

Background and objective: Due to the recent crisis of extinction in local areas, the mountain village promotion policy is recognized as an important task. This study examined the priorities of major policy projects in the forest sector that affect mountain village promotion. Methods: For research methods, literature search, expert advisory meetings, and a survey were conducted. The survey was conducted on 42 policy stakeholders from June 1 to August 13, 2021. The literature search was based on policy projects in the forest sector by 8 upper-level local governments including mountain villages. For questionnaire items, 173 forest policy projects were classified into 27 types through expert review, and the importance and performance of each type were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Paired t-test, IPA, Locus for Focus model, and Borich needs assessment were used as the analysis methods, and the statistical program SPSS 21.0 was used as the analytical tool. Results: The results showed that 'creating forest-related jobs' and 'supporting cultivation of professional forestry workers' both showed high importance and performance, implying that they would show an effect in mountain village promotion. 'Creating forests for environmental improvement', 'discovering forest cultural assets' 'establishing and boosting forest tourism', 'providing forest therapy services', 'creating forest-related jobs', 'supporting community revitalization', and 'urban-rural exchanges' were found to be the types that needed improvement and concentration for mountain village promotion. In particular, 'creating forests for environmental improvement' and 'discovering forest cultural assets' were derived as priority considerations for mountain village promotion policies. Conclusion: In summary, it was found that in order to promote mountain villages, various content projects must be improved and carried out to enhance the physical environment and revitalize mountain villages.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.129-140
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• 2002

This study intended to find out how the handicapped use medical aid, their satisfaction at using it and so on. First a preliminary survey(Apr. 20$\sim$24, 2002) was made for the handicapped who had been cured for rehabilitation by wearing medical aid at hospitals and welfare center in Jeonbuk region. Then total 120 subjects were asked to fill out a standardized questionnaire from May 15$\sim$22, 2002. Out of total 95 questionnaires collected, 84 questionnaires were analyzed except for 11 cases unsuitable for the intention of this study. The results can be outlined as follows: 1. In general characteristic, it was found that the causes of disability included disease(35 respondents; 41.7%), traffic accident(23 respondents, 27.4%) and so on. In addition, 1st handicap comprised the majority(32 respondents; 58.2%) in handicap grade and ankle foot orthosis(or b-k orthosis) was most often used as medical aid(28 respondents: 33.3%) 2. In particular, it was also shown that the 1st handicap mainly resulted from traffic accident(15 respondents, 27.3%) and post-disease disability (11 respondents, 20.0%). They wore medical aid for 1 year or less on the average, because they were hospitalized for cure, which showed statistically significant level(P<0.05). 3. It was found that total 69 respondents(82.1%) were more or less satisfied with their medical aids depending on the causes of disability, and total 46 respondents(83.6%) were satisfied with their aids according to their handicap grade, but there were no statistical significance. 4. Total 56(66.7%) respondents answered that they would purchase medical aid on their own expenses, when they became handicapped. And the price of medical aid ranged from $\300,000{\sim}400,000$(25 respondents: 29.8%) to \ 500,000 or more(24 respondents: 28.6%). It means that they purchased more or less expensive medical aid on their own expenses, which showed statistical significance(P<0.05). 5. If there was any failure of medical aid, 9 respondents(37.5%) answered that they would be serviced from medical companies, and 7 respondents(29.2%) would be serviced from medical aid manufacturers. Most respondents were serviced for their medical aids from related companies. For the question about the causes of dissatisfaction upon repair service, 11 respondents(45.8%) answered that existing service company provided unskilled repair services and other respondents answered that there was no spare part or higher service expenses than they thought. These answers had the statistical significance(P<0.05). However, 20 respondents(79.2%) answered that they were satisfied with the repair service, which means that most respondents are satisfied with the service. In view of the results as described above, it can be concluded that their handicap or disability results from disease or sequelae after traffic accident and most of the affected wear their own medical aid. In the future, it is required that the medical insurance should cover those medical aids, and the service for failed medical aids should be commissioned by technical serviceman to realize customized manufacture and repair service according to different causes so that the handicapped can enjoy more or less comfort and convenience in their daily lives without any extreme difficulty.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.225-241
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• 2018

Self-driving is meaningful activity for older persons because it enlarges the range of activity and provides opportunities for social participation. Driving is a complex activity that requires integration of physical, cognitive and sensory functions and is influenced by human and psychological factors. Age related functional deterioration affects the driving ability of older drivers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the risk of accidents and driving cessation of elderly drivers through systematic literature review. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, Pubmed were used for searching articles published from 2007 to 2017. 'aged', 'aging', 'automobile driving', 'age factors' were used as search terms and 18 articles were finally selected for analysis among 1,458 articles. In result of the study, the most significant effect showed in the physical domain, the driving habit and the performance function. The most frequent used tools evaluated driving habit and the cognitive function. In demographic characteristics, there was a correlation with the driving discontinue according to sex and age. This study emphasizes the necessity of preparing measures for safety driving with elderly. In addition, it suggests the necessity of systematically services such as individual education programs based on various driving cessation related factors of the elderly.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.121-128
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• 2019

Medical services should be provided not only to patients but also to medical staff who are the main actors of medical treatment. This paper is based on Ethnography, observing the behavior of medical staff performing medical actions and finding what is the most frequent of physical medical treatment. In particular, I observed the need for recognition and performance of the clinical workforce for invasive medical treatment. Based on the Insight from the observation and analysis of medical staff's behavior on intravenous fluid therapy and in-depth interview, I defined four design value factors. Plus, I suggest a design prototype with a proposal for designing a medical consumable kit for intravenous fluid therapy to validate the design elements. Kitting medical consumables simplify the preparation and disposal process throughout the treatment, enabling rapid medical action and increasing work efficiency.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2019

This study examines the determinants of emergency care utilization and equity of access to care in elderly Koreans. Based on the data from the 2014 Korea Health Panel Survey, descriptive and logistic regression analysis was performed. The sample for this study was 1,313 individuals who participated in interviews. Predisposing factors such as age, sex, and education were significant determinants of emergency care utilization. Differences in need do not fully account for the original differences observed between subgroups of older Koreans. Health status was important determinant of older Koreans using emergency care services. Spending medical expense did not ameliorate the subgroup differences in the use of emergency care services. Nonetheless, spending medical expense remains a particularly important predictor of emergency care utilization. Health care reforms in Korea should continue to concentrate on insuring effective universal emergency care, implying that all older Koreans with need receive effective coverage. Future study is also needed to understand the access barriers that may exist for the selected demographic subgroups, i.e., those over 75, women, less educated persons, and those with higher medical expense.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.865-878
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• 2017

To realize the healthy life of human, mental, physical, and environmental factors must be managed continuously and stably. In order to manage human health, the 21st century healthcare field is essential ongoing interactions and convergence with ICT technologies. Such demands have created a convergence of technologies (fusion technology) in combination with the heterogeneous technologies. And, with the convergence of medical technology and ICT technologies, the development of personalized therapy environments is created. Advances in ICT-converged healthcare services are progressing due to the development of diverse wearable devices. Such ICT fusion system is exponentially increasing the complexity of the ICT convergence healthcare system and is resulting in various technical, institutional, environmental, and cultural issues. This study explores the status of developments in ICT healthcare technologies from the past to date, identifies major technology and policy issues to address these challenges. Finally it will recommend healthcare policies and a future road-map.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.133-145
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• 1999

The purposesof the study are to analyze the community nursing center in U.S.A and to develop the model of nursing care system based on nurse-midwifery clinic in community for women's health in Korea. 1. In America nursing center is defined as nurse-anchored system of primary care delivery or neighborhood health center. Nursing centers are identified the following four types: (1) community outreach centers, which are similar to traditional public health clinics: (2) institutional-based centers following the mission of a large institution, such as a hospital or university: (3) wellness/health promotion centers, which offer screening, education, counseling, triage, and health maintenance services: and (4) independent practice. Nursing centers are a concept of services provided by nurses in practice arrangements in a community. Nursing centers offer a variety of services, ranging from primary care provided by advanced practice nurses with medical acute management and nursing care to the more traditional education, health promotion, screening wellness and coordination services. Some services, such as the care provided by advanced practice nurses are reimbursed under various insurance plan in some instances and states, where as others, such as preventive and educational services, are not. Thus, lack of reimbursement has threatened the survival of some centers. Licensing of nursing centers varies by state and program and accreditation of nursing centers is also limited. 52% of centers are affiliated with another facility and 48% are freestanding centers. The number of registered nurse at the nursing centers ranges from just one to 115, with a mean of eight RNs peragency and a median of three. Nursing centers avail ability varies: 14% are open 24 hours, 27% have variable short hours, 23% are open 6-7 days per week, and 36% are open Monday- Friday. As the result of my visiting three health centers in Seattle and San Francisco, the women's primary care nurse practitioners focus on a systematic and comprehensive assessment of the health status of women and diagnosis and management of common physical and psychosocial health concerns of women in ambulatory settings. Therapeutic nursing strategies are directed toward self-care, risk reoduction, health surveillance, stress reduction, healthy nutrition, social support, healthy coping, psychological well-being, and pharmacological therapy. They function as primary care providers for the well ness and illness care of women from adolescence through the older adult years and pregnant families. 2. In Korea a nurse-midwife practices independently for pregnant women's health including childbearing family at her own clinic in community. Her services are reimbursed under national health insurance but they are not paid on a fee-for-service schedule covering items. Analyzing the nursing centers in America, I suggest that nurse-midwifery clinics offer primary care for women and home care for chronic ill patients. The health law and health insurance policy should be reovised in order to expand nurse-midwife's and home care nurse's roles at nurse-midwifery clinic.