• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.31-34
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the effects of the fascial distortion model (FDM) method on Cobb's angle. Methods: Fourteen subjects participated in this study. The idiopathic scoliosis group performed FDM treatments eight times in four weeks. A Shapiro-Wilks test was used to verify the normality of a group of idiopathic scoliosis patients. A paired t-test was performed to determine the satisfaction with the normality. Results: The difference in Cobb's angle was reduced significantly (p<0.05) by an average of $5.72^{\circ}{\pm}2.24$ from $15.51^{\circ}{\pm}1.81$ before the experiment. Conclusion: This study found that the use of the FDM method was effective in improving the Cobb's angle. The application of a FDM treatment appears to stabilize the fascia with decreased ability to adapt physiologically. The application of the CD and TB method of FDM treatment improved the asymmetry spine by dispersing moisture in fascia and improving the contraction and relaxation ability. The results suggest that the Cobb's angle is reduced when FDM is applied, thereby preventing the progression of curvature and avoiding psychological and physical problems that can arise from improving patients with scoliosis.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2012

The aim is to investigate the analgesic effect of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS) on central neuropathic pain(CNP) in spinal cord contusive rat model. Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats($250{\pm}50$ g, male) were used. Thoracic spinal cord(T10) was contused using New York University(NYU) spinal cord impactor. The animals were randomly assigned to two groups; GroupI: Non-treatment after SCI induction(n=10), GroupII: application of tDCS(0.1 mA, 20 min/time, 2 times/day, 5 days/6week) after SCI induction(n=10). Assess the effect of tDCS using the Basso Beattie Bresnahan(BBB) locomotor rating scales, Touch $test^{TM}$ sensory evaluator(TTSE), Plantar test$^{\circledR}$after contusion at the $2^{nd}$, $3^{rd}$, $4^{th}$, $5^{th}$, $6^{th}$ week and the immunohistochemistric response of c-fos in the thalamus, cerebral cortex after contusion at the $3^{rd}$, $6^{th}$ week after SCI. The scores of BBB scales were significantly different from $3^{rd}$week. TTSE were different significantly over time, but there were no differences at each evaluation times on between-measure time effects. Plantar test were different significantly over time and there were difference at the $4^{th}$, $6^{th}$ week after SCI on between-measure time effects. Also, immunohistochemistric response of c-fos was reduced significantly from $3^{rd}$, $6^{th}$ week after SCI in tDCS group compared with control group in thalamus and cortex. These results identified that tDCS of non-invasive therapeutic method may have beneficial analgesic effect on CNP after SCI with behavioral test and immunohistochemical test.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to develop an instrument for the Korean Osteoarthritis Impact Measurement scale (KAIMS) in hip and knee osteoarthritis patients. Methods: A sample of 426 subjects was recruited in Ulsan metropolitan city (six hospitals and clinics) and Andong city (five hospitals and clinics) from June 2010 to May 2011. Item internal consistency and item discriminant validity were analyzed on the item-level, and floor (%) and ceiling (%) effect were analyzed on the scale-level. Exploratory factor analysis was performed for construction of items in the KAIMS instrument; confirmative factor analysis was also performed to test the fit of the model. Results: In 426 respondents, age was 64.3 years. The reliability for r coefficient 0.90 (mobility) and 0.89 (pain and stiffness) (Cronbach's alpha 0.95, 0.95 respectively) was high in the test-retest, and there was no significant difference in paired t-test (p>0.05). Item internal consistency (${\alpha}=0.92$, ${\alpha}=0.87$ respectively) was also high. It was constructed of two factors (mobility, pain and stiffness dimension) and nine items in explanatory factor analysis; results of confirmatory factor analysis also indicated that the dimensional structure model was fitted well in the test of model fit (${\chi}^2=83.83$, df=26, p=0.000; RMR=0.05; GFI=0.96; AGFI=0.83). Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the KAIMS that was developed was a reliable and valid instrument for measurement of osteoarthritis (OA) patients. We recommend further research for additional development of the instrument on OA in Korea.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2017

This research examined if job stress mediates the relationship between physical environmental risk and safety behavior of employees. In addition, we investigated whether perceived control moderates the physical environmental risk-job stress link. In order to test our hypotheses, 1005 employees in various fields of firms were participated. Using structural equation modeling(SEM), we conducted moderated mediation model analysis that elaborately test the hypotheses. The results demonstrated that job stress mediated the physical environmental risk-safety behavior link. Furthermore, the relationship between physical environmental risk and job stress was moderated by perceived control.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.547-555
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test a hypothetical model of health-related quality of life in patients with heart failure. The hypothetical model was derived from the Wilson and Cleary's model, the Rector's model, and published research findings. Methods: Data from 103 patients with heart failure were analyzed to determine the best multivariate health-related quality of life model given variables derived from the prior studies. The statistics programs SPSS 12.0 and LISREL 8.7 program were used for descriptive statistics and covariance structure analysis respectively. Results: The overall fitness of the path final model was good(GFI=.97, AGFI=.95, NNFI=1.06, NFI=.96, p=.96). Symptoms were directly affected by gender. HYHA Class was directly affected by only gender. Physical functioning limitation was directly affected by exercise. Health perception was directly affected by economics, symptom, and physical functioning limitation. Depression was directly affected by exercise and health perception. Heath-related quality of life was directly affected by physical functioning limitation and depression, indirectly affected by gender, economics, exercise, symptoms, NYHA Class, and health perception. This path analysis model explained 51% of health-related quality of life in patients with heart failure. Conclusion: To improve of health-related quality of life with heart failure patients, it is necessary to make nursing interventions for physical functioning and depression.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2007

This research is for developing a usability evaluation model based on customer sensation using Quality Function Deployment, which evaluates the relationship between consumer sensation and usability among the physical design factors of dishwashers. Four aspects of the evaluation model; overall sensation factors, detail sensation factors, usability evaluation factors and physical design factors of products were analyzed in three sequential processes of QFD. The sensation evaluation factors and the usability evaluation factors were created from regression analysis of the results of the sensation and usability test. Moreover, thirty-one physical design factors selected through group discussion of ergonomist and manufacturers. Among them, 19 physical design factors according to priority were applied to evaluation model using QFD. With the evaluation model using four aspects, physical design factors influencing user sensation were generated. These factors were 'alarm sound', 'dishwasher size', 'button size' and 'display size'. Consequently, the degree of influences was tested. Design guidelines for dishwashers were derived from finally generated physical design factors.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.27-39
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to test a model of physical activity of elderly living in Korea, determine significant factors contributing the physical activity, and examine significant paths in the model. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 207 elderly men and women, aged 60 and older, residing in Busan Metropolitan City. Data were collected from July to August 2009 and analyzed using Predictive Analytics Software (PASW) and Analysis of a Moment Structures (AMOS). Results: The fitness of the modified model was confirmed to be appropriate (${\chi}^2$ = 55.61, ${\chi}^2$/df = 1.32, p = .078, RMSEA = .04, GFI = .96, AGFI = .91, NFI = .90, NNFI = .94, CFI = .97, PNFI = .48). The elder's age, previous exercise behavior, and self-efficacy were significant in explaining the variance in their physical activity. We found that (a) perceived health status, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and social support directly affected self-efficacy; (b) previous exercise behavior and perceived health status directly affected perceived benefits; (c) previous exercise behavior directly affected perceived barriers; and (d) and education level, extent of pocket money, and economic level directly affected social support. Conclusions: The younger the age, the more previous exercise experience, and the higher the self-efficacy, the more S. Korean elders demonstrated improved physical activity.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.760-769
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to assess the level of physical activity among Chinese immigrant women and to determine the relationships of physical activity with individual characteristics and behavior-specific cognition. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 161 Chinese immigrant women living in Busan. A health promotion model of physical activity adapted from Pender's Health Promotion Model was used. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data during the period from September 25 to November 20, 2012. Using SPSS 18.0 program, descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were done. Results: The average level of physical activity of the Chinese immigrant women was $1,050.06{\pm}686.47$ MET-min/week and the minimum activity among types of physical activity was most dominant (59.6%). As a result of multiple regression analysis, it was confirmed that self-efficacy and acculturation were statistically significant variables in the model (p<.001), with an explanatory power of 23.7%. Conclusion: The results indicate that the development and application of intervention strategies to increase acculturation and self-efficacy for immigrant women will aid in increasing the physical activity in Chinese immigrant women.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.211-222
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to test the model for sleep in community-dwelling older adults. The hypothetical model based on a senescent sleep model was constructed using the multiple influencing factors of sleep and associated adverse outcomes of changes in sleep in the older adults. Methods: Data were collected from 203 community-dwelling older adults living in Korea, and analyzed using IBM SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: Increased age and multiple comorbidities were associated with decreased physical activities. Decreased physical activities were associated with smaller social networks, and smaller social networks were associated with higher level of loneliness. Multiple comorbidities, decreased physical activities, larger social networks, and higher level of loneliness were associated with maladaptive sleep hygiene. Decreased physical activities, higher level loneliness, and shorter actual sleep duration were associated with worse sleep quality. Smaller social networks and shorter actual sleep duration were associated with lower cognitive functions. Smaller social networks, higher loneliness, and worse sleep quality were associated with more severe depressive symptoms. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the sleep improvement interventions not only with physical perspectives but psychosocial ones for older adults may improve depressive symptoms as well as sleep quality.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.619-632
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• 2014

The Best Estimate Plus Uncertainty (BEPU) method has been widely used to evaluate the uncertainty of a best-estimate thermal hydraulic system code against a figure of merit. This uncertainty is typically evaluated based on the physical model's uncertainties determined by expert judgment. This paper introduces the application of data assimilation methodology to determine the uncertainty bands of the physical models, e.g., the mean value and standard deviation of the parameters, based upon the statistical approach rather than expert judgment. Data assimilation suggests a mathematical methodology for the best estimate bias and the uncertainties of the physical models which optimize the system response following the calibration of model parameters and responses. The mathematical approaches include deterministic and probabilistic methods of data assimilation to solve both linear and nonlinear problems with the a posteriori distribution of parameters derived based on Bayes' theorem. The inverse problem was solved analytically to obtain the mean value and standard deviation of the parameters assuming Gaussian distributions for the parameters and responses, and a sampling method was utilized to illustrate the non-Gaussian a posteriori distributions of parameters. SPACE is used to demonstrate the data assimilation method by determining the bias and the uncertainty bands of the physical models employing Bennett's heated tube test data and Becker's post critical heat flux experimental data. Based on the results of the data assimilation process, the major sources of the modeling uncertainties were identified for further model development.