• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine changes in functional assessment measures (FAMs) and spatiotemporal gait parameters (STGPs) in healthy older adults before and after a 6-week intervention of a proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) training program. Methods: Thirty healthy older adults (mean age: $73.37{\pm}1.21$ age range: 65-79) were randomly assigned either to an experimental group (participating in a 6-week intervention of PNF training) or a control group (only performing daily activities). Participants in the control group did not receive any training program. Performance was assessed by recording changes in the FAMs and STGPs using functional assessment tools and GAITRite. Results: Participants in the PNF group showed significantly improved functional assessment measures and increased stride length, cadence, velocity, and step width (p<0.05). No significant differences in FAMs and STGPs were found in the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Participation in a PNF training program improves FAMs and STGPs, thereby increasing the ability of healthy older adults to maintain dynamic balance during functional performance and gait. These findings support the use of PNF training programs as effective fall-prevention programs for the elderly.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.393-398
• /
• 2021

Current risk assessment of Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) transportation has the problem of the incomplete risk factors consideration and the general particle diffusion model utilization. In this paper, the accident frequency calculation and the detailed simulation of the accident consequences are coupled by the integrated risk assessment method. The "man-machine-environment" three-dimensional comprehensive risk indicator system is established and quantified to characterize the frequency of the transportation accidents. Consideration of vegetation, building and turbulence effect, the standard k-ε model is updated to simulate radioactive consequence of leakage accidents under complex terrain. The developed method is applied to assess the risk of the leakage accident in the scene of the typical domestic SNF Road Transportation (SNFRT). The critical risk factors and their impacts on the dispersion of the radionuclide are obtained.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.47-57
• /
• 2022

Demands for tangible contents using VR/AR technologies are much bigger as contactless services such as sports, physical activity, and fitness are expanded after COVID-19. A variety of technologies such as an offer and analysis of tangible data through a sensor technology, users' physical movement sensing through a motion recognition sensor, a real-time measurement of a physical skeleton point a multiple access to a real-time video, and AI training are being utilized as main technologies. This case study utilized motion recognition technologies as the study on tangible contents necessary for indoor-based physical education, sports, and fitness in the contactless environment and suggested cases to develop the physical measurement contents by design approach for the measurement assessment necessary for the development in tangible contents. The research established lists of the measurement assessment based on professionals' consultations within the measurement assessment function through the test to plan tangible contents and developed tangible contents by reflecting them as assessment measurement elements of tangible contents. The research can be utilized as the design approach of industrial companies which intend to develop tangible contents as well as reference cases of the research on contactless tangible contents for the sports and physical education.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.90-95
• /
• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the physical therapists' perception of the use of gait measures, the frequency of the gait measures used, and also to identify the barriers that limit the use of these assessment tools. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Physical therapists from the Seoul, Gyeonggi area from March to July 2016 were included in the study. Over the course of 18 weeks, a cross-sectional study was conducted with a self-report questionnaire. A total of 700 questionnaires were distributed and 350 questionnaires (50%) were collected, however with the exclusion of 140 questionnaires due to non-consent, a total of 210 questionnaires (30%) were analysed. Results: Out of the 10 standardized assessment tools, the therapists showed the highest perception for the timed up and go test (TUG [n=153, 72.9%]) and they also had high perception for the 10 meters walk test (10MWT [n=149, 71.0%]), and 6-minute walk test (6MWT [n=123, 58.6%]). The respondents answered that the TUG (n=116, 55.2%), 10MWT (n=100, 47.6%), and 6MWT (n=51, 24.3%) was used the most often. On the contrary, only four (1.9%) therapists have used the Chedoke-McMaster stroke assessment and the Rivermead Mobility Index. The lack of time was considered as the most important barrier to the use of assessment tools in clinical practice. Conclusions: Through this study, it has been shown that the domestic physical therapists used the TUG and the 10MWT mainly due to high recognition and evaluation status; however, the lack of time was the greatest impediment to the clinical application of the gait assessment tools.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.1-21
• /
• 2000

The purposes of this study were to research the current state of evaluation of children with delayed development and cerebral palsy and determine pediatric physical therapists' knowledge of assessment tools and their use. The subjects were 130 pediatric physical therapists (general hospitals, university-related hospitals, rehabilitation centers, etc.). Data was obtained from August 24, 1999 to October 18, 1999 by means of a survey questionnaire. The results were as follows: 1. The current state of pediatric physical therapist evaluation of children with delayed development and cerebral palsy. 1) Tools used to assess functional areas of children with cerebral palsy were: subjective description format-128 (47.1%); the GMFM-58 (21.3%); facility-generated tool-51 (18.8%); and DDST-15 (5.5%). 2) Tools used to assess developmentally delayed children were: subjective description format-121 (50.6%); the GMFM-43 (18.0%); facility-generated tool-41 (17.2%); and DDS T-14 (5.9%). 3) After their college or university study, therapists who had attended lectures on evaluation were 113 (86.9%); 13 (10.0%) therapists had not attended any lectures on evaluation 2. Test scores of physical therapists' professional knowledge of evaluation procedures: high (more than 36 points)-74 (56.9%); moderate (18~35 points)-39 (30.0%); and low (below 17 points)-none. 1) For therapists treating cerebral palsied children, 73 (65.2%) were in the high range, 39 (34.8%) were in the moderate range and none were in the low range. 2) For therapists treating children with delayed development, 71 (65.7%) were in the high range, 37 (34.3%) were in the moderate range and none were in the low range. Although the general degree of professional knowledge of evaluation was quite high, there was a lack of variety in the assessment tools used With a large number of therapists depending on subjective description. Possible reasons for the low rate of objective asses sment tool use: 1) Poor clinical environment: too many clients and lirnited treatment time. 2) Lack of any medical insurance fee category for specific assessment tools. 3) Lack of continuing education opportunities in pediatric evaluation skills during or after either college-based (3 year) or university-based (4 year) education programs. Based on the study results, provision of more extended educational opportunities would promote the use of a greater variety of objective assessment tools by pediatric physical therapists.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.29-43
• /
• 2023

Background: In the rehabilitation of stroke patients, regular physical activity is very important not only as a treatment for maximal functional recovery but also as a strategy to prevent the recurrence of stroke. The purpose of this study was to objectively measure the amount of physical activity in people with stroke, and to examine the differences in motor and cognitive function according to a level of physical activity. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: Physical activity (GENEActiv), motor function (Fugl-Meyer Assessment), cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Korean version), and the Korean version of Modified Barthel Index were evaluated in adult stroke patients with hemiplegia. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the level of physical activity according to the motor and cognitive function. There was no statistically significant difference in motor and cognitive function according to the level of physical activity, but there was a statistically significant difference in the MBI (p<.01). Conclusion: As a result of the difference in the MBI according to the level of physical activity, it was found that the more moderate to vigorous physical activities are performed, the higher the independence in daily living. These results can be interpreted as that the more often you participate in physical activities such as physical therapy (gait training), the better your independence in ADL. Since regular physical activity participation of adult stroke patients can improve daily living performance, it is considered necessary to participate in physical activities such as continuous physical therapy.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2009

Background: Various functional factors should be incorporated during assessment and intervention for patient rehabilitation. Stable respiratory function is one of required factors for functional restoration. To maximize respiratory physical therapy intervention outcome, it is required to understand clinical features of respiratory diseases and physical therapy approaches. Methods: Previous studies were systematically reviewed through computerized search. Methodological qualities of selected studies were evaluated and the levels of recommendations were determined. Results: Assessment for respiratory pattern and thoracic mobility is of importance to improve cardiopulmonary fitness during physical reconditioning. Application of optimal therapeutic protocol can increase thoracic mobility and respiratory function. Interdisciplinary communication is critical during rehabilitation for respiratory patients. Health care provider should have professional knowledge and experience for cardiopulmonary fitness and obligation to endeavor for patients' respiratory rehabilitation. It is necessary to standardize therapeutic intervention, and rehabilitative respiratory exercise should be applied to confirm the effects of intervention. Conclusion: Respiratory diseases that may reduce patients' quality of life and cardiopulmonary fitness should be resolved through physical therapy approaches. Through conducting research, effect of evidence-based and patients' function-oriented intervention can be determined.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.73-84
• /
• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine risk factors and methods in balance assessment associated with fall in older adults. Methods : This article describes many of the tools that can be used to evaluate the physical parameters associated with fall risk in older adults. Results : Composite ratings of performance(Tinetti balance assessment, Guralnik test battery, Berg balance scale, modified-physical performance test) measures the score compounding the balance measure to determine fall risk. Static balance instruments are composed of FICSIT-4 that measures the ability of maintaining foot positions and CTSIB that measures postural stability. Dynamic balance instrument is composed of functional reach test. To measure walking velocity and mobility, 8-foot up-and-go test and walking around two cones are used. We can use 1-RM and to measure muscular strength, isokinetic dynamometery, and 30-second chair stand to measure lower extremity muscle strength. Conclusion : The described instruments are easy to use and widespread. To select and use these tool kits carefully is considered to be helpful in identifying those who are most likely to fall. The final part of the article includes a brief discussion of the potential role of exercise training interventions to improve these physical parameters and prevent falls.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2018

Background: In most human lives, 80 percent have problems with the ankle and can be solved with a treatment that is objective in proper assessment. Discrepacts in the ankle are also associated with walking patterns and affect hip and knee joints. An evaluation of hip flexion and extensor muscles was performed to check the strength of hip joints after ankle sprain patients application of arthesis. Methods: In the hospital in Bucheon, 20 outpatients who visited the hospital for treatment with ankle sprain were tested with 10 male and 10 female patients. The criteria for selection of the study subjects were randomly divided into those with joint movement techniques applied to the ankle joints and those with conservative physical therapy. Results: In applying arthrography and preservation physical therapy to patients with ankle sprain, a difference in muscle strength between hip flexion and extensor was noted in post-evaluation comparisons. There were significant differences in the assessment of walking speed and walking time between the two counties in the gait analysis assessment (p<.05). Conclusion: Studies have shown that applying arthrography to people with ankle sprain has a greater therapeutic effect than using conservative physical therapy.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2011

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between physical impairments and daily activities on the basis of the outcome measurements in stroke patients. Seventy-six stroke patients participated in this study. Two physical therapists evaluated 3 clinical common measurements, i.e., the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Multiple regression analysis was used, as the dependent variables were the BBS and FIM; the independent variables were post-stroke duration, FMA of Upper Extremity (FMU), and FMA of Lower Extremity (FML). In the regression equation of the BBS, the coefficient of determination ($R^2$) was .383, and the FML was found to be the most important variable for determining the BBS score. In the regression equation of the FIM, $R^2$ was .531, and the FML was found to be the most important variable for determining the FIM. These results suggest that there is a need to determine the function of activities on the basis of the physical impairments of stroke patients. More variable measurement tools on the levels of body function and structure, as well as activity limitations are required.