• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.91-97
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• 2012

The primary aim of this study was to compare responsiveness of self-report by worker and therapist-scored functional capacity instrument. Self-report and therapist-scored interval-level person measures and item difficulties were compared at admission and discharge. Therapist and worker ratings were collected on 230 clients from 27 rehabilitation sites using the newly developed Occupational Rehabilitation Data Base (ORDB) functional capacity instrument. ORDB comprises several subscales measuring relevant variables of "a return-to-work model" in work-related rehabilitation clinics. The functional capacity scale deals with 10 DOT job factors. The rating scale categories were 1-severely impaired, 2-moderately impaired, 3-mildly impaired, and 4-not impaired. Only data from clients with low back pain (n=98) with complete data (both admission and discharge scores) were used for the present study. Therapists and workers completed the functional capacity instrument at admission and discharge. Rasch analysis [1-parameter item response theory model (IRT)] was applied to calibrate item difficulty and person ability measure of therapist and workers ratings. Effect sizes for therapist and self-report ratings were slightly different, .69 and .30, respectively. Therapist and worker ratings were more consistent at discharge (r=.54) than at admission (r=.32). Workers have a tendency to be more severe in their ratings (show higher item difficulties) than therapists at admission and discharge. Therapists and workers report similar magnitudes of improvement following treatment program. These findings challenge the belief that injured workers may unreliable source for monitoring therapeutic outcomes. Self-report measures have the advantage of conserving therapist time for treatment (versus evaluation). While the therapist and self-report ratings are comparable at discharge, there is less consistency at admission. Comparable therapist-worker ratings may be achieved by controlling for rating severity using IRT methodologies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.83-91
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• 2020

PURPOSE: Postural and structural asymmetry due to muscle imbalances around the lower back and pelvis are the causes of back pain. Muscle imbalances in patients with chronic low back pain affect the pelvic tilt and movement, and it is necessary to assess the pelvic movement ability using the appropriate tools to determine the mediating effects of lower back pain. This paper reports the reliability and validity of the Sensbalance Therapy Cushion (STC) for pelvic movement and proprioception. METHODS: In this study, the Wii balance board (WBB) was used as a golden standard for pelvic movement measurements. FABQ, KODI, Myovision, and Pelvic movement were measured in 50 patients with chronic low back pain. The correlation between the lower-back muscle activity and pelvic movement was checked. The pelvic movement parameter was measured twice to determine the intra-rater reliability. RESULTS: The STC showed high test-retest reliability in the pelvic tilt measurements (ICC = .672 - .809). The test-retest reliability of proprioception measurements (ICC = .588 - .859) and reaction time measurements (ICC = .542 - .836) were also high. The relationship between the WBB and STC showed a significant positive correlation with the pelvic tilt test (p < .01). The posterior pelvic tilt and lower-back muscle activity showed a significant negative correlation (p < .01). The pelvic left tilt and lower-back muscle activity showed a significant negative correlation (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The results revealed the high reliability and validity of the STC. Therefore, the STC can be used as an objective measuring device for evaluating pelvic tilt, proprioception, and reaction time in low back pain patients.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.31-37
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• 2010

This study was developed the home network system for the home stay care by bio-sensor system to translate the physical signal algorithm. The composition algorithm has five functions for a input function, frequency variable, displacement point input function, axial Variable, axial Sway Displacement to search a max and min point with adjustment of 0.01 unit in the reference level. There were checked physical condition of body balance to compounded a measurement such as a heart rate, temperature, weight. The algorithm of home network system can be used to support health care management system through health assistants in health care center and central health care system. It was expected to monitor a physical parameter for health management system.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2011

Acanthopanax senticosus, a member of the Araliaceae used as an invigorant in traditional Korean medicine, is known to relieve physical fatigue. The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of eggs laid by hens fed on Acanthopanax senticosus extracts on physical endurance and reproductive parameters. Male Sprague-Dawley rats at 4 wk of age were divided into 3 groups of 15 rats each: group A (14% egg yolk powder from hens fed with Acanthopanax senticosus extracts+86% AIN-93G), group B (14% plain egg yolk powder + 86% AIN-93G) and group C (7% fat source + 93% AIN-93G), and studied for 5 wk. The rats' physical endurance was measured via forced swimming tests. According to the results, 53.3% rats of group A swam for longer than 20 min, in group B and C, only 48.9% and 46.7% of the rats achieved this. In terms of reproductive parameters, sperm motility was significantly higher in group A than in groups B and C (p<0.05). However, no differences in sperm count were detected among the groups. Additionally, the serum testosterone levels of groups A and B were higher than that of group C. Our findings suggest that rats fed with egg yolk powder from hens fed on Acanthopanax senticosus extracts may improve athletic endurance and reproductive parameters in rats.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.73-77
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• 2018

Purpose: The prefrontal lobe, supplementary motor area, cerebellum, and basal ganglia are activated during gait. In addition, gait is controlled by nerves, such as the corticospinal tract (CST) and corticoreticular pathway (CRP). In this study, the presence of an injury to the CST and CRP was identified by diffusion tensor imaging and the characteristics of the gait pattern were investigated according to inferior cerebral artery infarction. Methods: One patient and six control subjects of a similar age participated. A 69-year-old female patient had an injury to the left basal ganglia, insular gyrus, corona radiata, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and postcentral gyrus due to an inferior cerebral artery infarction. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data was acquired 4 weeks after the stroke. The kinematic and spatio-temporal parameters of gait were collected using a three-dimensional gait analysis system. Results: On 4 weeks DTI, the CST and CRP in the affected hemisphere did not show injury to the affected and unaffected hemisphere. Gait analysis showed that the cadence of spatio-temporal parameter was decreased significantly in the patient. The angle of the knee joint was decreased significantly in the affected and unaffected sides compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results of diffusion tensor imaging showed that although the patient was evaluated to be capable of an independent gait, the quality and quantity of gait might be reduced. This study could help better understand the gait ability analysis of stroke patients and the abnormal gait pattern of patients with a brain injury.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.287-296
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• 2020

Purpose: The study aims were to develop a wearable inertial sensor-based gait analysis device that uses machine learning algorithms, and to validate this novel device using temporal gait parameters. Methods: Thirty-four healthy young participants (22 male, 12 female, aged 25.76 years) with no musculoskeletal disorders were asked to walk at three different speeds. As they walked, data were simultaneously collected by a motion capture system and inertial measurement units (Reseed®). The data were sent to a machine learning algorithm adapted to the wearable inertial sensor-based gait analysis device. The validity of the newly developed instrument was assessed by comparing it to data from the motion capture system. Results: At normal speeds, intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) for the temporal gait parameters were excellent (ICC [2, 1], 0.99~0.99), and coefficient of variation (CV) error values were insignificant for all gait parameters (0.31~1.08%). At slow speeds, ICCs for the temporal gait parameters were excellent (ICC [2, 1], 0.98~0.99), and CV error values were very small for all gait parameters (0.33~1.24%). At the fastest speeds, ICCs for temporal gait parameters were excellent (ICC [2, 1], 0.86~0.99) but less impressive than for the other speeds. CV error values were small for all gait parameters (0.17~5.58%). Conclusion: These results confirm that both the wearable inertial sensor-based gait analysis device and the machine learning algorithms have strong concurrent validity for temporal variables. On that basis, this novel wearable device is likely to prove useful for establishing temporal gait parameters while assessing gait.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.120-129
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• 1991

This study refers to temporal variation of physical properties of tilled soil under natural rainfalls. Field measurements of porosity, average hydraulic conductivity and average capillary pressure head on a tilled soil were conducted by soil sampler and air-entry permeameter respectively at regular intervals after tillage. Temporal variation of these physical properties were analysed by cumulative rainfall energy since tillage. Field experiment was conducted on a sandy loam soil at Suwon durging April~July in 1989. The followings are a summary of this study results ; 1. Average porosity just after tillage was 0.548cm$^3$/cm$^3$. As cumulative rainfall energy were increased in 0.1070, 0.1755, 0.3849 J/cm$^2$, average porosity were decreased in 0.506, 0.4]95, 0.468m$^3$/cm$^3$ respectively. 2. Average hydraulic conductivity just after tillage was 45.42cm/hr. As cumulative rainfall energy were increased in 0.1755, 0.2466, 0.2978, 0.3849J/cm$^2$ average hydraulic conductivity were decreased in 15.34, 13.47, 9.58, 8.65cm/hr respectively. 3. As average porosity were decreased in 0.548, 0.506, 0.495, 0.468cm$^3$/cm$^3$ average capillary pressure head were increased in 6.1, 6.7, 6.9, 7.4cm respectively. 4. It was found that temporal variation of porosity, average hydraulic conductivity on a tilled soil might be expressed as a function of cumulative rainfall energy and average capillary pressure head might be expressed as a function of porosity. 5. The results of this study may be helpful to predict infiltration into a tilled soil more accurately by considering Temporal variation of physical properties of soil.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.507-512
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• 2012

Thin (~650 nm) and ultrathin (~50 nm) films of neat PMMA and PMMA containing 5 wt% of methacryl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane were prepared in this work. The effects of film thickness and POSS on glass transition temperature ($T_g$) and isothermal physical aging were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). $T_g$ depression was observed as film thickness was decreased and Ma-POSS molecules were incorporated. Enthalpy relaxation (${\Delta}H_{Relax}$) due to the isothermal physical aging was reduced by ultra-thin film thickness and the addition of Ma-POSS. KWW (Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts) equation was used to fit ${\Delta}H_{Relax}$ vs. aging time data providing the fitting parameters; maximum enthalpy recovery (${\Delta}H_{\infty}$), relaxation time (${\tau}$) and non-exponentiality parameter (${\beta}$).

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 2021

Background: Although symmetry of spatio-temporal parameter and center of pressure (COP) shift during walking is associated with knee adduction moment, research on clinical association with knee osteoarthritis (OA)-related knee pain and functional scores is lacking. Objects: The aims were 1) to compare symmetry of gait parameters and COP-shift in patients with unilateral knee OA and pain and matched controls, and 2) to investigate the relationship between symmetry of gait parameters and COP-shift, and clinical measures. Methods: Female subjects (n = 16) had with unilateral radiological knee OA and pain. Healthy controls (n = 15) were age-matched to OA group. Symmetry of foot rotation, step length, stance and swing phase, lateral symmetry of COP and anterior/posterior symmetry of COP during walking was assessed. To assess the clinical variables, pain intensity, pain duration and function using Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Survey (KOOS) subscales were collected. We compared symmetry between groups using Mann-Whitney U-test or independent t-test. Relationships between clinical measures and symmetry index measured using Spearman's correlation test. Statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. Results: Knee OA group showed significantly greater values of only lateral symmetry of COP (p < 0.01) than healthy group. Values of lateral symmetry of COP had moderate or strong correlation significantly with the intensity of knee pain, pain duration, and scores of all KOOS subscales (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Patients with unilateral knee OA and pain showed more asymmetry of lateral COP-shift during walking compared with matched healthy controls. In addition, larger asymmetry of lateral COP-shift has the moderate or strong association with worse of knee pain, worse in KOOS scores and longer duration of knee pain. Asymmetry of lateral COP-shift during walking may be one of the characteristics of unilateral knee OA as the compensatory strategy response to unilateral OA of the knee.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.246-256
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• 2022

Recently, parents and teachers consider physical education as a minor subject for students in elementary and secondary schools. Physical education performance has become increasingly significant as parents and schools pay more attention to physical schooling. The sports mining with distribution analysis model considers different factors, including the games, comments, conversations, and connection made on numerous sports interests. Using different machine learning/deep learning approach, children's athletic and academic interests can be tracked over the course of their academic lives. There have been a number of studies that have focused on predicting the success of students in higher education. Sports interest prediction research at the secondary level is uncommon, but the secondary level is often used as a benchmark to describe students' educational development at higher levels. An Automated Student Interest Prediction on Sports Mining using DL Based Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory model (BiLSTM) is presented in this article. Pre-processing of data, interest classification, and parameter tweaking are all the essential operations of the proposed model. Initially, data augmentation is used to expand the dataset's size. Secondly, a BiLSTM model is used to predict and classify user interests. Adagrad optimizer is employed for hyperparameter optimization. In order to test the model's performance, a dataset is used and the results are analysed using precision, recall, accuracy and F-measure. The proposed model achieved 95% accuracy on 400^th instances, where the existing techniques achieved 93.20% accuracy for the same. The proposed model achieved 95% of accuracy and precision for 60%-40% data, where the existing models achieved 93% for accuracy and precision.